Evaluating posterior vitreous detachment by widefield 23-mm swept-source optical coherence tomography imaging in healthy subjects.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Chiku Y
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8492648 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Irregularities in retinal shape have been shown to correlate with axial length, a major risk factor for retinal detachment. To further investigate this association, a comparison was performed of the swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS OCT) peripheral retinal shape of eyes that had either a posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) or vitrectomy for retinal detachment. The objective was to identify a biomarker that can be tested as a predictor for retinal detachment. Eyes with a PVD (N = 88), treated retinal detachment (N = 67), or retinal tear (N = 53) were recruited between July 2020 and January 2022 from hospital retinal clinics in South Australia. The mid-peripheral retina was imaged in four quadrants with SS OCT. The features explored were patient age, eye axial length, and retinal shape irregularity quantified in the frequency domain. A discriminant analysis classifier to identify retinal detachment eyes was trained with two-thirds and tested with one-third of the sample. Retinal detachment eyes had greater irregularity than PVD eyes. A classifier trained using shape features from the superior and temporal retina had a specificity of 84% and a sensitivity of 48%. Models incorporating axial length were less successful, suggesting peripheral retinal irregularity is a better biomarker for retinal detachment than axial length. Mid-peripheral retinal irregularity can identify eyes that have experienced a retinal detachment.
| S-EPMC10044997 | biostudies-literature
Project description:In this cross-sectional study including 1150 eyes of 681 volunteers ≧ 65 years old without retinal pathology, factors affecting the progression of posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) were investigated. PVD stages were diagnosed based on swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). Linear mixed effect model was used to determine whether age, gender, diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HT), dyslipidemia (DL), and smoking status were associated with various stages of PVD. As a result, the multivariable analysis disclosed that the associations between older age and higher PVD stages (estimate [95% CI], 0.031 [0.020 to 0.042]; P < 0.0001), and current smokers and lower PVD stages (estimate [95% CI], - 0.24 [- 0.43 to - 0.056]; P = 0.011) were statistically significant. In contrast, female gender was not an independent factor affecting PVD stages in the elderly. Our analysis indicated that higher PVD stages observed in female eyes may be due to confounding effect, in which current smokers were predominantly males (i.e., 12.6% among males vs. 3.9% among females, P < 0.0001). In conclusion, our findings suggest that continuous smoking is associated with an adherent vitreoretinal interface in the elderly.
| S-EPMC7595182 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeTo describe enhanced vitreous imaging for visualization of anatomic features and microstructures within the posterior vitreous and vitreoretinal interface in healthy eyes using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). The study hypothesis was that long-wavelength, high-speed, volumetric SS-OCT with software registration motion correction and vitreous window display or high-dynamic-range (HDR) display improves detection sensitivity of posterior vitreous and vitreoretinal features compared to standard OCT logarithmic scale display.DesignObservational prospective cross-sectional study.MethodsMultiple wide-field three-dimensional SS-OCT scans (500×500A-scans over 12×12 mm2) were obtained using a prototype instrument in 22 eyes of 22 healthy volunteers. A registration motion-correction algorithm was applied to compensate motion and generate a single volumetric dataset. Each volumetric dataset was displayed in three forms: (1) standard logarithmic scale display, enhanced vitreous imaging using (2) vitreous window display and (3) HDR display. Each dataset was reviewed independently by three readers to identify features of the posterior vitreous and vitreoretinal interface. Detection sensitivities for these features were measured for each display method.ResultsFeatures observed included the bursa premacularis (BPM), area of Martegiani, Cloquet's/BPM septum, Bergmeister papilla, posterior cortical vitreous (hyaloid) detachment, papillomacular hyaloid detachment, hyaloid attachment to retinal vessel(s), and granular opacities within vitreous cortex, Cloquet's canal, and BPM. The detection sensitivity for these features was 75.0% (95%CI: 67.8%-81.1%) using standard logarithmic scale display, 80.6% (95%CI: 73.8%-86.0%) using HDR display, and 91.9% (95%CI: 86.6%-95.2%) using vitreous window display.ConclusionsSS-OCT provides non-invasive, volumetric and measurable in vivo visualization of the anatomic microstructural features of the posterior vitreous and vitreoretinal interface. The vitreous window display provides the highest sensitivity for posterior vitreous and vitreoretinal interface analysis when compared to HDR and standard OCT logarithmic scale display. Enhanced vitreous imaging with SS-OCT may help assess the natural history and treatment response in vitreoretinal interface diseases.
| S-EPMC4103882 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Diagnosing a posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) is important for predicting the prognosis and determining the indication for vitreoretinal surgery in many vitreoretinal diseases. This article presents both classifications of a PVD by slit-lamp biomicroscopy and of a shallow PVD by optical coherence tomography (OCT). By biomicroscopy, the vitreous condition is determined based on the presence or absence of a PVD. The PVD then is classified as either a complete posterior vitreous detachment (C-PVD) or a partial posterior vitreous detachment (P-PVD). A C-PVD is further divided into a C-PVD with collapse and a C-PVD without collapse, while a P-PVD is divided into a P-PVD with shrinkage of the posterior hyaloid membrane (P-PVD with shrinkage) and a P-PVD without shrinkage of the posterior hyaloid membrane (P-PVD without shrinkage). A P-PVD without shrinkage has a subtype characterized by vitreous gel attachment through the premacular hole in a posterior hyaloid membrane to the macula (P-PVD without shrinkage [M]). By OCT, a shallow PVD is classified as the absence of a shallow PVD or as a shallow PVD. A shallow PVD is then subclassified as a shallow PVD without shrinkage of the posterior vitreous cortex, a shallow PVD with shrinkage of the posterior vitreous cortex, and a peripheral shallow PVD. A shallow PVD without shrinkage of the posterior vitreous cortex has two subtypes: an age-related shallow PVD and a perifoveal PVD associated with a macular hole.
| S-EPMC3864797 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We describe the first handheld, swept source optical coherence tomography (SSOCT) system capable of imaging both the anterior and posterior segments of the eye in rapid succession. A single 2D microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) scanner was utilized for both imaging modes, and the optical paths for each imaging mode were optimized for their respective application using a combination of commercial and custom optics. The system has a working distance of 26.1 mm and a measured axial resolution of 8 μm (in air). In posterior segment mode, the design has a lateral resolution of 9 μm, 7.4 mm imaging depth range (in air), 4.9 mm 6dB fall-off range (in air), and peak sensitivity of 103 dB over a 22° field of view (FOV). In anterior segment mode, the design has a lateral resolution of 24 μm, imaging depth range of 7.4 mm (in air), 6dB fall-off range of 4.5 mm (in air), depth-of-focus of 3.6 mm, and a peak sensitivity of 99 dB over a 17.5 mm FOV. In addition, the probe includes a wide-field iris imaging system to simplify alignment. A fold mirror assembly actuated by a bi-stable rotary solenoid was used to switch between anterior and posterior segment imaging modes, and a miniature motorized translation stage was used to adjust the objective lens position to correct for patient refraction between -12.6 and + 9.9 D. The entire probe weighs less than 630 g with a form factor of 20.3 x 9.5 x 8.8 cm. Healthy volunteers were imaged to illustrate imaging performance.
| S-EPMC4646558 | biostudies-literature
Project description:AIM:To determine choroidal thickness in healthy Indian subjects using Swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). METHODS:In this prospective, observational, cross-sectional study; healthy Indian subjects (n = 230) with no history of ocular and/or systemic disorders were enrolled in the study. Choroidal thickness was measured for 230 eyes using SS-OCT. Subjects were divided into six age groups. Main outcome measures were subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) and macular choroidal thickness (MCT) up to 3 mm at 500-micron interval from the fovea was measured in eight different quadrants. RESULTS:The mean SFCT was 307±79 μm and mean MCT was 285±75 μm. No difference in the choroidal thickness was found among genders. Mean SFCT of the different age groups was 327±68 μm (12-18 years), 364±70 μm (18.1-30 years), 321±78 μm (30.1-40 years), 304±79 μm (40.1-50 years), 283±69 μm (50.1-60 years) and 262±72μm (above 60 years; p <0.001; One way ANOVA). Mean macular choroidal thickness was 305±60 μm, 342±61 μm, 306±72 μm, 282±79 μm, 261±66 μm, 238±68μm respectively (p<0.001; one way ANOVA). A significant weak negative correlation was found between age with SFCT (r = -0.368, p<0.001) and MCT (r = -0.40, p<0.001). No significant correlation was found with refractive error, axial length and ocular perfusion pressure. CONCLUSION:This study showed that mean SFCT and MCT was 307±79μm and 285±75 μm, respectively, among healthy Indian subjects. Mean CT was found to decrease with age, although there was no difference in CT between genders.
| S-EPMC5955571 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundTo map and compare the three-dimensional choroidal vascularity index (3D-CVI) in eyes with unilateral central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC), fellow eyes and control eyes using ultra-widefield swept source optical coherence tomography (UWF SS-OCTA).MethodsIn this prospective observational study, the 3D-CVIs were measured in 9 subfields or 1 × 1 mm grids by the UWF SS-OCTA with a viewing angle of horizontal 24 × vertical 20 mm. The proportions of vortex vein anastomoses and their corresponding CVI in the central regions were compared among the CSC, fellow and control eyes. Correlations of CVI and vascular density of the large choroidal vessel layer/choriocapillaris layer/choroidal thickness (CT) were also assessed.ResultsThirty-two eyes in 32 patients with unilateral CSC and 32 normal eyes were included in the study. The mean CVI in the eyes with CSC was significantly greater than that in the fellow eyes of CSC and control eyes (41.99 ± 3.56% vs. 40.38 ± 3.855%, P = 0.003; 41.99 ± 3.56% vs. 38.93 ± 4.067%, P = 0.004, respectively). The CVIs in superotemporal, inferotemporal and inferonasal regions were significantly higher in CSC eyes than control eyes (P = 0.03, P = 0.02, P = 0.008). In CSC eyes, there was a linear positive correlation between 3D-CVI and vascular density of the large choroidal vessel layer and CT in all subfields. The proportion of vortex vein anastomoses in CSC was 25/32 (78.1%), and significantly higher in fellow and control eyes (P < 0.001). The average central CVI was significantly higher in CSC eyes with anastomoses than in CSC eyes without anastomoses (42.8 ± 5.1% vs. 38.4 ± 2.7%, P = 0.039). CVIs in superior, central, inferior, superonasal, nasal and inferonasal regions were significantly correlated with vortex vein anastomoses (P < 0.05), regardless of CSC, fellow or healthy eyes. In addition, whether there were vortex vein anastomoses, CVI in superotemporal region was significantly higher in eyes with CSC (P = 0.002) and fellow eyes (P = 0.014), compared to control eyes. No significant correlation was found between hypertension and CVIs in the three groups.ConclusionRemodeling of choroidal drainage routes by venous anastomosis between superior and inferior vortex veins may be common in CSC. The 3D-CVI could be a comprehensive parameter to evaluate the choroid vasculature and help understand the pathogenesis of pachychoroid spectrum disease.
| S-EPMC9490028 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeWe investigated interindividual differences in the rate of change of posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) stage and vitreomacular adhesion area (VMAA). Crosssectional studies demonstrated increasing PVD stage and decreasing VMAA with age, but population-level means may mask interindividual variation in the rate of change.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated PVD stage and VMAA in asymptomatic eyes of subjects who underwent repeated optical coherence tomography screening for high-risk medication use or isolated retinal disease in the fellow eye. A Turnbull estimator modeled changes in the PVD stage, and linear mixed models evaluated VMAA change.ResultsWe evaluated 101 eyes of 101 subjects. Seventy-six eyes remained in the same stage. Twenty-three eyes progressed to a higher stage. Modeling of longitudinal data predicts that at age 30, time to convert to Stage 4 is 26 years; at age 40, it is 16 years; at age 50, it is 9 years; and at age 60, it is 8 years. In 37 eyes with Stage 1 partial PVD, VMAA decreased at a similar rate. The average population level decline in VMAA was 0.13 mm2/year.ConclusionIndividuals vary in age at which they progress to complete PVD. In early partial PVD, VMAA decreases at a similar rate across individuals.
| S-EPMC8885305 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionRetinal detachment is a sight-threatening emergency, with more than half of those affected suffering permanent visual impairment. A diagnostic test to identify eyes at risk before vision is threatened would enable exploration of prophylactic treatment. This report presents the use of irregularities in retinal shape, quantified from optical coherence tomography (OCT) images, as a biomarker for retinal detachment.MethodsOCT images were taken from posterior and mid-peripheral retina of 264 individuals [97 after a posterior vitreous detachment (PVD), 99 after vitrectomy for retinal detachment and 68 after laser for a retinal tear]. Diagnoses were taken from history, examination and OCT. Retinal irregularity was quantified in the frequency domain, and the distribution of irregularity across the regions of the eye was explored to identify features exhibiting the greatest difference between retinal detachment and PVD eyes. Two of these features plus axial length were used to train a quadratic discriminant analysis classifier. Classifier performance was assessed by its sensitivity and specificity in identifying retinal detachment eyes and visualised with a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.ResultsValidation set specificity was 84% (44/52 PVD eyes correctly labelled) and sensitivity 35% (23/64 retinal detachment eyes identified, p = 0.02). Area under the ROC curve was 0.75 (95% confidence intervals 0.58-0.85). Retinal detachment eyes were significantly more irregular than PVD eyes in the superior retina (0.70 mm versus 0.49 mm, p < 0.05) and supero-temporal retina (1.12 mm versus 0.80 mm, p < 0.05). Lower sensitivity (16/68, 24%) was seen for eyes with a retinal tear without detachment, that were intermediate in size between retinal detachment and PVD eyes. Axial length on its own was a poor classifier. Neither irregularity nor classification were affected by surgery for retinal detachment or the development of PVD.ConclusionsThe classifier identified 1/3 of retinal detachment eyes in this sample. In future work, these features can be evaluated as a test for retinal detachment prior to PVD.
| S-EPMC9834476 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeTo compare the detection rate of diabetic retinopathy (DR) lesions and the agreement of DR severity grading using the ultra-widefield color fundus photography (UWF CFP) combined with high-speed ultra-widefield swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (UWF SS-OCTA) or fluorescein angiography (FFA).MethodsThis prospective, observational study recruited diabetic patients who had already taken the FFA examination from November 2021 to June 2022. These patients had either no DR or any stage of DR. All participants were imaged with a 200° UWF CFP and UWF SS-OCTA using a 24 × 20 mm scan model. Images were independently evaluated for the presence or absence of DR lesions including microaneurysms (MAs), intraretinal hemorrhage (IRH), non-perfusion areas (NPAs), intraretinal microvascular abnormalities (IRMAs), venous beading (VB), neovascularization elsewhere (NVE), neovascularization of the optic disc (NVD), and vitreous or preretinal hemorrhage (VH/PRH). Agreement of DR severity grading based on UWF CFP plus UWF SS-OCTA and UWF CFP plus FFA was compared. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS V.26.0.ResultsOne hundred and fifty-three eyes of 86 participants were enrolled in the study. The combination of UWF CFP with UWF SS-OCTA showed a similar detection rate compared with UWF CFP plus FFA for all the characteristic DR lesions (p>0.05), except NPAs (p = 0.039). Good agreement was shown for the identification of VB (κ = 0.635), and very good agreement for rest of the DR lesions between the two combination methods (κ-value ranged from 0.858 to 0.974). When comparing the grading of DR severity, very good agreement was achieved between UWF CFP plus UWF SS-OCTA and UWF CFP plusr FFA (κ = 0.869).ConclusionUWF CFP plus UWF SS-OCTA had a very good agreement in detecting DR lesions and determining the severity of DR compared with UWF CFP plus FFA. This modality has the potential to be used as a fast, reliable, and non-invasive method for DR screening and monitoring in the future.
| S-EPMC9667033 | biostudies-literature