Dataset Information

Single-vision spectacle use and myopia progression in children with low myopia, a propensity score matching study.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

To investigate the impact of single-vision spectacle use on myopia progression in children with low myopia.

Methods

MYOSOTIS is a prospective myopia screening survey including all 46 primary and junior high schools in two districts of Hangzhou, China. After 1-to-1 propensity score matching (PSM), 1,685 pairs of students with low myopia were included. Group 1 was composed of 1,685 non-spectacle users at baseline, and group 2 consisted of 1,685 spectacle wearers at both survey rounds. Refraction was examined by noncycloplegic autorefraction and mean spherical equivalent refraction (SER) of both eyes was analyzed. Myopia progression was measured by average rate of change in SER (r∆SER) between two survey rounds and compared between the two groups.

Results

After PSM, no significant difference in age, sex ratio, SER, and uncorrected visual acuity (VA) between the two groups was found at baseline. For myopic progression, r∆SER showed no significant difference between the two groups (- 0.67 ± 0.97 versus - 0.69 ± 0.81 diopter/year, P = 0.448). After adjusting for age, sex, SER, and VA, the difference in r∆SER between the two groups was not significant (- 0.031, 95% CI - 0.089 ~ 0.028 diopter/year, P = 0.302). In the subgroup analyses stratified by age and SER, and in the sensitivity analyses by eye side, there was still no significant difference in myopia progression between the two groups.

Conclusions

Our study indicates that single-vision spectacle use has no impact on myopia progression in children with low myopia. Spectacles are recommended in children with low myopia if their visual acuity has interfered with the daily life.

SUBMITTER: Zhang B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8500818 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Similar Datasets

Project description:ImportanceReducing myopia progression can reduce the risk of associated ocular pathologies.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether spectacle lenses with higher lenslet asphericity have a higher myopia control efficacy throughout 2 years.Design, setting, and participantsThis double-masked randomized clinical trial was conducted between July 2018 and October 2020 at the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University in Wenzhou, China. Children aged 8 to 13 years with a cycloplegic spherical equivalent refraction (SER) of -0.75 D to -4.75 D and astigmatism with less than -1.50 D were recruited. A data and safety monitoring committee reviewed findings from a planned interim analysis in 2019.InterventionsParticipants were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive spectacle lenses with highly aspherical lenslets (HAL), spectacle lenses with slightly aspherical lenslets (SAL), or single-vision spectacle lenses (SVL).Main outcome and measuresTwo-year changes in SER and axial length and their differences between groups.ResultsOf 157 participants who completed each visit (mean [SD] age, 10.4 [1.2] years), 54 were analyzed in the HAL group, 53 in the SAL group, and 50 in the SVL group. Mean (SE) 2-year myopia progression in the SVL group was 1.46 (0.09) D. Compared with SVL, the mean (SE) change in SER was less for HAL (by 0.80 [0.11] D) and SAL (by 0.42 [0.11] D; P ≤ .001). The mean (SE) increase in axial length was 0.69 (0.04) mm for SVL. Compared with SVL, increase in axial length was slowed by a mean (SE) of 0.35 (0.05) mm for HAL and 0.18 (0.05) mm for SAL (P ≤ .001). Compared with SVL, for children who wore HAL at least 12 hours every day, the mean (SE) change in SER was slowed by 0.99 (0.12) D, and increase in axial length slowed by 0.41 (0.05) mm.Conclusions and relevanceIn this study, HAL and SAL reduced the rate of myopia progression and axial elongation throughout 2 years, with higher efficacy for HAL. Longer wearing hours resulted in better myopia control efficacy for HAL.Trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry Identifier: ChiCTR1800017683.

Project description:Low Birth Weight (LBW) is considered as a major public health issue and leading cause of neonatal death. Almost one in four newborns are reported as underweight in Pakistan. Children born with low birth weight are highly vulnerable to develop diseases and death and/or remain undernourished (i.e., stunted and wasted). This study determines the LBW newborns are more prone to develop stunting and wasting in province of Sindh, Pakistan. Moreover, regression-based estimation of the impact of LBW on the child health outcomes of under five years of age, may be prone to selection bias because of the nature of non-experimental data set, thus, propensity score matching methods are used in this study. Data for this study was used from Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey (MICS-2014). MICS is a two-stage, stratified cluster sampling household level data covering urban and rural areas and consists of 19,500 households from five administrative divisions and 28 districts of Sindh province of Pakistan. The total sample size of children less than five years of age after cleaning the data are 7781, of which 2095 are LBW having birth weight categorized as "smaller than average and very small" and 5686 are normal birth weight (NBW) having birth weight very large, larger than average, and average. This study employed propensity score matching (PSM) regression methods to understand whether the children born as low birth weight are more prone to stunting and wasting and/or both. In province of Sindh, moderate wasting children under five years were 21%, severe wasting 6% and both wasting and stunting 10%. The propensity score results are shown significant in all groups. Specifically, all four types of PSM methods confirm a significant difference in the potential outcome variables-meaning that a child born with LBW has a significant adverse effect on the potential child health outcome variables (stunting, wasting and both). Thus, the propensity score matching findings confirm a significant and adverse effect of LBW on potential health outcomes of under five children. Similarly, low birth weight children are significantly more likely to be moderately wasted (OR = 1.5, CI = 1.3-1.6) and severely wasted (OR = 1.6, CI = 1.3-2.0) and both (stunted and wasted, OR = 2.0, CI = 1.7-2.3) as compared to children with normal birth weight. Male children, if born with low birth weight, are significantly more likely to be moderately wasted (OR = 1.3, CI = 1.1-1.5) and both (wasted and stunted, OR = 1.3, CI = 1.1-1.5) than girls. This large data analysis finding proved that the LBW newborns are on higher risk to develop wasting and stunting in Pakistan.