Dataset Information
Surfaceome CRISPR screen identifies OLFML3 as a rhinovirus-inducible IFN antagonist.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT: Background
Rhinoviruses (RVs) cause more than half of common colds and, in some cases, more severe diseases. Functional genomics analyses of RVs using siRNA or genome-wide CRISPR screen uncovered a limited set of host factors, few of which have proven clinical relevance.Results
Herein, we systematically compare genome-wide CRISPR screen and surface protein-focused CRISPR screen, referred to as surfaceome CRISPR screen, for their efficiencies in identifying RV host factors. We find that surfaceome screen outperforms the genome-wide screen in the success rate of hit identification. Importantly, using the surfaceome screen, we identify olfactomedin-like 3 (OLFML3) as a novel host factor of RV serotypes A and B, including a clinical isolate. We find that OLFML3 is a RV-inducible suppressor of the innate immune response and that OLFML3 antagonizes type I interferon (IFN) signaling in a SOCS3-dependent manner.Conclusion
Our study suggests that RV-induced OLFML3 expression is an important mechanism for RV to hijack the immune system and underscores surfaceome CRISPR screen in identifying viral host factors.
SUBMITTER: Mei H
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8532573 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Oct
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Surfaceome CRISPR screen identifies OLFML3 as a rhinovirus-inducible IFN antagonist.
Genome biology 20211022 1
<h4>Background</h4>Rhinoviruses (RVs) cause more than half of common colds and, in some cases, more severe diseases. Functional genomics analyses of RVs using siRNA or genome-wide CRISPR screen uncovered a limited set of host factors, few of which have proven clinical relevance.<h4>Results</h4>Herein, we systematically compare genome-wide CRISPR screen and surface protein-focused CRISPR screen, referred to as surfaceome CRISPR screen, for their efficiencies in identifying RV host factors. We fin ...[more]