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Rapid slide latex agglutination test for detection of methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus.

ABSTRACT: The MRSA screen test (Denka Seiken Co., Ltd.), a commercially available, rapid (20-min) slide latex agglutination test for the determination of methicillin resistance by detection of PBP 2a in Staphylococcus aureus, was compared with the oxacillin agar screen test and PCR detection of the mecA gene. A total of 563 S. aureus isolates were tested. Two hundred ninety-six of the isolates were methicillin-susceptible isolates from cultures of blood from consecutive patients. Also, 267 methicillin-resistant isolates that comprised 248 different phage types were tested. Methicillin resistance was defined as the presence of the mecA gene. Of the 267 mecA gene-positive isolates, 263 were positive by the MRSA screen test (sensitivity, 98.5%), and all the mecA-gene negative strains were negative by the MRSA screen test (specificity, 100%). The oxacillin agar screen test detected methicillin resistance in 250 of the mecA gene-positive isolates (sensitivity, 93.6%). The sensitivity of the MRSA screen test was statistically significantly higher than the sensitivity of the oxacillin agar screen test (P < 0. 05). The MRSA screen test is a highly sensitive and specific test for the detection of methicillin resistance. Also, it offers results within half an hour and is easy to perform, which makes this test a valuable tool in the ongoing battle against methicillin-resistant S. aureus.

SUBMITTER: van Griethuysen A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC85381 | biostudies-literature | 1999 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Rapid slide latex agglutination test for detection of methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus.

van Griethuysen A A Pouw M M van Leeuwen N N Heck M M Willemse P P Buiting A A Kluytmans J J

Journal of clinical microbiology 19990901 9

The MRSA screen test (Denka Seiken Co., Ltd.), a commercially available, rapid (20-min) slide latex agglutination test for the determination of methicillin resistance by detection of PBP 2a in Staphylococcus aureus, was compared with the oxacillin agar screen test and PCR detection of the mecA gene. A total of 563 S. aureus isolates were tested. Two hundred ninety-six of the isolates were methicillin-susceptible isolates from cultures of blood from consecutive patients. Also, 267 methicillin-res ...[more]

PMID: 10449453

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Project description:BACKGROUND:We previously reported the case of a 64-year-old man with mediastinitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus in which the infecting bacterium acquired linezolid resistance after only 14 days treatment with linezolid. We therefore investigated relevant clinical isolates for possible mechanisms of this rapid acquisition of linezolid resistance. METHODS:Using clinical S. aureus isolates, we assessed the in vitro mutation rate and performed stepwise selection for linezolid resistance. To investigate homologous recombination, sequences were determined for each of the 23S ribosomal RNA (23S rRNA) loci; analyzed sequences spanned the entirety of each 23S rRNA gene, including domain V, as well as the 16S-23S intergenic spacer regions. We additionally performed next-generation sequencing on clinical strains to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms compared to the N315 genome. RESULTS:Strains isolated from the patient prior to linezolid exposure (M5-M7) showed higher-level linezolid resistance than N315, and the pre-exposure strain (M2) exhibited more rapid acquisition of linezolid resistance than did N315. However, the mutation rates of these and contemporaneous clinical isolates were similar to those of N315, and the isolates did not exhibit any mutations in hypermutation-related genes. Sequences of the 23S rRNA genes and 16S-23S intergenic spacer regions were identical among the pre- and post-exposure clinical strains. Notably, all of the pre-exposure isolates harbored a recQ missense mutation (Glu69Asp) with respect to N315; such a lesion may have affected short sequence recombination (facilitating, for example, recombination among rrn loci). We hypothesize that this mechanism contributed to rapid acquisition of linezolid resistance. CONCLUSIONS:Hypermutation and homologous recombination of the ribosomal RNA genes, including 23S rRNA genes, appear not to have been sources of the accelerated acquisition of linezolid resistance observed in our clinical case. Increased frequency of short sequence recombination may have resulted from a recQ variant in the infecting organism.

Dataset Information

Rapid slide latex agglutination test for detection of methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus.

Publications

Rapid slide latex agglutination test for detection of methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus.

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