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Estrogen Receptor β-Mediated Inhibition of Actin-Based Cell Migration Suppresses Metastasis of Inflammatory Breast Cancer.

ABSTRACT: Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a highly metastatic breast carcinoma with high frequency of estrogen receptor α (ERα) negativity. Here we explored the role of the second ER subtype, ERβ, and report expression in IBC tumors and its correlation with reduced metastasis. Ablation of ERβ in IBC cells promoted cell migration and activated gene networks that control actin reorganization, including G-protein-coupled receptors and downstream effectors that activate Rho GTPases. Analysis of preclinical mouse models of IBC revealed decreased metastasis of IBC tumors when ERβ was expressed or activated by chemical agonists. Our findings support a tumor-suppressive role of ERβ by demonstrating the ability of the receptor to inhibit dissemination of IBC cells and prevent metastasis. On the basis of these findings, we propose ERβ as a potentially novel biomarker and therapeutic target that can inhibit IBC metastasis and reduce its associated mortality. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings demonstrate the capacity of ERβ to elicit antimetastatic effects in highly aggressive inflammatory breast cancer and propose ERβ and the identified associated genes as potential therapeutic targets in this disease.

SUBMITTER: Thomas C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8570087 | biostudies-literature | 2021 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Estrogen Receptor β-Mediated Inhibition of Actin-Based Cell Migration Suppresses Metastasis of Inflammatory Breast Cancer.

Thomas Christoforos C Karagounis Ilias V IV Srivastava Ratnesh K RK Vrettos Nicholas N Nikolos Fotis F Francois Noëlle N Huang Menggui M Gong Siliang S Long Qi Q Kumar Sushil S Koumenis Constantinos C Krishnamurthy Savitri S Ueno Naoto T NT Chakrabarti Rumela R Maity Amit A

Cancer research 20210129 9

Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a highly metastatic breast carcinoma with high frequency of estrogen receptor α (ERα) negativity. Here we explored the role of the second ER subtype, ERβ, and report expression in IBC tumors and its correlation with reduced metastasis. Ablation of ERβ in IBC cells promoted cell migration and activated gene networks that control actin reorganization, including G-protein-coupled receptors and downstream effectors that activate Rho GTPases. Analysis of preclinica ...[more]

PMID: 33514514

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Project description:BackgroundEstrogen receptor β (ERβ) has been reported to play an anti-cancer role in breast cancer, but the regulatory mechanism by which ERβ exerts this effect is not clear. Claudin-6 (CLDN6), a tight junction protein, acts as a tumor suppressor gene in breast cancer. Our previous studies have found that 17β-estradiol (E2) induces CLDN6 expression and inhibits MCF-7 cell migration and invasion, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of ERβ in this process and the regulatory mechanisms involved.MethodsPolymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blot were used to characterize the effect of E2 on the expression of CLDN6 in breast cancer cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays were carried out to confirm the interaction between ERβ and CLDN6. Dual luciferase reporter assays were used to detect the regulatory role of ERβ on the promoter activity of CLDN6. Wound healing and Transwell assays were used to examine the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells. Western blot, immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were performed to detect autophagy. Xenograft mouse models were used to explore the regulatory effect of the CLDN6-beclin1 axis on breast cancer metastasis. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect ERβ/CLDN6/beclin1 expression in breast cancer patient samples.ResultsHere, E2 upregulated the expression of CLDN6, which was mediated by ERβ. ERβ regulated CLDN6 expression at the transcriptional level. ERβ inhibited the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells through CLDN6. Interestingly, this effect was associated with CLDN6-induced autophagy. CLDN6 positively regulated the expression of beclin1, which is a key regulator of autophagy. Beclin1 knockdown reversed CLDN6-induced autophagy and the inhibitory effect of CLDN6 on breast cancer metastasis. Moreover, ERβ and CLDN6 were positively correlated, and the expression of CLDN6 was positively correlated with beclin1 in breast cancer tissues.ConclusionOverall, this is the first study to demonstrate that the inhibitory effect of ERβ on the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells was mediated by CLDN6, which induced the beclin1-dependent autophagic cascade.

Dataset Information

Estrogen Receptor β-Mediated Inhibition of Actin-Based Cell Migration Suppresses Metastasis of Inflammatory Breast Cancer.

Publications

Estrogen Receptor β-Mediated Inhibition of Actin-Based Cell Migration Suppresses Metastasis of Inflammatory Breast Cancer.

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