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Genome-Wide Association Study of Growth Performance and Immune Response to Newcastle Disease Virus of Indigenous Chicken in Rwanda

ABSTRACT: A chicken genome has several regions with quantitative trait loci (QTLs). However, replication and confirmation of QTL effects are required particularly in African chicken populations. This study identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and putative genes responsible for body weight (BW) and antibody response (AbR) to Newcastle disease (ND) in Rwanda indigenous chicken (IC) using genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Multiple testing was corrected using chromosomal false detection rates of 5 and 10% for significant and suggestive thresholds, respectively. BioMart data mining and variant effect predictor tools were used to annotate SNPs and candidate genes, respectively. A total of four significant SNPs (rs74098018, rs13792572, rs314702374, and rs14123335) significantly (p ≤ 7.6E−5) associated with BW were identified on chromosomes (CHRs) 8, 11, and 19. In the vicinity of these SNPs, four genes such as pre-B-cell leukaemia homeobox 1 (PBX1), GPATCH1, MPHOSPH6, and MRM1 were identified. Four other significant SNPs (rs314787954, rs13623466, rs13910430, and rs737507850) all located on chromosome 1 were strongly (p ≤ 7.6E−5) associated with chicken antibody response to ND. The closest genes to these four SNPs were cell division cycle 16 (CDC16), zinc finger, BED-type containing 1 (ZBED1), myxovirus (influenza virus) resistance 1 (MX1), and growth factor receptor bound protein 2 (GRB2) related adaptor protein 2 (GRAP2). Besides, other SNPs and genes suggestively (p ≤ 1.5E−5) associated with BW and antibody response to ND were reported. This work offers a useful entry point for the discovery of causative genes accountable for essential QTLs regulating BW and antibody response to ND traits. Results provide auspicious genes and SNP-based markers that can be used in the improvement of growth performance and ND resistance in IC populations based on gene-based and/or marker-assisted breeding selection.

SUBMITTER: Habimana R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8570395 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Background and Aim:Newcastle disease (ND) is considered one of the most important poultry diseases with chicken morbidity and mortality rates up to 100%. Current vaccination programs allow the use of live attenuated vaccines in the field to protect against the disease, which alone is inefficient and requires repeat booster doses. Toll-like receptor agonists (e.g., lipopolysaccharide [LPS]) as adjuvants are the ones, most extensively studied and have shown to be very promising in delivering a robust balanced immune response. In the present study, we have evaluated the potential of LPS to elicit a strong immune response with respect to the elicitation of both Th1 (cell-mediated) and Th2 (humoral) immune arms. Materials and Methods:A total of 72 apparently healthy 1-day-old indigenous unvaccinated chicks were randomly divided into six experimental Groups A to F (n=12). At 8-week of age chicks in Group A, C, and E were vaccinated with live attenuated La Sota strain ND vaccine along with LPS, bovine serum albumin, and normal saline solution, respectively, and those in Group B, D, and E were kept separately without vaccination. Sampling was done on days 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 35, and 60 after vaccination. After vaccination and respective adjuvant application, Th1 and Th2 cytokine expression were measured in mRNA of both blood and tissue samples. Results:The results were validated by, hemagglutination inhibition and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay tests, to check for the humoral as well as cell-mediated immune response in blood serum levels. The results showed an increase in mRNA expression of the Th1 biased cytokines in Group A (LPS+NDV) as compared to the control groups. Similar mRNA expression pattern was seen in blood as well as tissue samples. Validation of results also indicates an increase in Cell-mediated Immunity as well as a humoral immune response in Group A (LPS+NDV). Conclusion:The results of the study provided enough evidence to consider LPS as a potential vaccine adjuvants candidate against ND in chicken.

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Genome-Wide Association Study of Growth Performance and Immune Response to Newcastle Disease Virus of Indigenous Chicken in Rwanda

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