Functional meta-omics provide critical insights into long- and short-read assemblies.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Galata V
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8575027 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Similar Datasets
Project description:Evaluation of short-read-only, long-read-only, and hybrid assembly approaches on metagenomic samples demonstrating how they affect gene and protein prediction which is relevant for downstream functional analyses. For a human gut microbiome sample, we use complementary metatranscriptomic, and metaproteomic data to evaluate the metagenomic-based protein predictions.
2022-02-17 | PXD025505 | Pride
Project description:Long-read-only bacterial genome assemblies usually contain residual errors, most commonly homopolymer-length errors. Short-read polishing tools can use short reads to fix these errors, but most rely on short-read alignment which is unreliable in repeat regions. Errors in such regions are therefore challenging to fix and often remain after short-read polishing. Here we introduce Polypolish, a new short-read polisher which uses all-per-read alignments to repair errors in repeat sequences that other polishers cannot. Polypolish performed well in benchmarking tests using both simulated and real reads, and it almost never introduced errors during polishing. The best results were achieved by using Polypolish in combination with other short-read polishers.
| S-EPMC8812927 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Virtually all genome sequencing efforts in national biobanks, complex and Mendelian disease programs, and medical genetic initiatives are reliant upon short-read whole-genome sequencing (srWGS), which presents challenges for the detection of structural variants (SVs) relative to emerging long-read WGS (lrWGS) technologies. Given this ubiquity of srWGS in large-scale genomics initiatives, we sought to establish expectations for routine SV detection from this data type by comparison with lrWGS assembly, as well as to quantify the genomic properties and added value of SVs uniquely accessible to each technology. Analyses from the Human Genome Structural Variation Consortium (HGSVC) of three families captured ~11,000 SVs per genome from srWGS and ~25,000 SVs per genome from lrWGS assembly. Detection power and precision for SV discovery varied dramatically by genomic context and variant class: 9.7% of the current GRCh38 reference is defined by segmental duplication (SD) and simple repeat (SR), yet 91.4% of deletions that were specifically discovered by lrWGS localized to these regions. Across the remaining 90.3% of reference sequence, we observed extremely high (93.8%) concordance between technologies for deletions in these datasets. In contrast, lrWGS was superior for detection of insertions across all genomic contexts. Given that non-SD/SR sequences encompass 95.9% of currently annotated disease-associated exons, improved sensitivity from lrWGS to discover novel pathogenic deletions in these currently interpretable genomic regions is likely to be incremental. However, these analyses highlight the considerable added value of assembly-based lrWGS to create new catalogs of insertions and transposable elements, as well as disease-associated repeat expansions in genomic sequences that were previously recalcitrant to routine assessment.
| S-EPMC8206509 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Accurate and contiguous genome assembly is key to a comprehensive understanding of the processes shaping genomic diversity and evolution. Yet, it is frequently constrained by constitutive heterochromatin, usually characterized by highly repetitive DNA. As a key feature of genome architecture associated with centromeric and subtelomeric regions, it locally influences meiotic recombination. In this study, we assess the impact of large tandem repeat arrays on the recombination rate landscape in an avian speciation model, the Eurasian crow. We assembled two high-quality genome references using single-molecule real-time sequencing (long-read assembly [LR]) and single-molecule optical maps (optical map assembly [OM]). A three-way comparison including the published short-read assembly (SR) constructed for the same individual allowed assessing assembly properties and pinpointing misassemblies. By combining information from all three assemblies, we characterized 36 previously unidentified large repetitive regions in the proximity of sequence assembly breakpoints, the majority of which contained complex arrays of a 14-kb satellite repeat or its 1.2-kb subunit. Using whole-genome population resequencing data, we estimated the population-scaled recombination rate (?) and found it to be significantly reduced in these regions. These findings are consistent with an effect of low recombination in regions adjacent to centromeric or subtelomeric heterochromatin and add to our understanding of the processes generating widespread heterogeneity in genetic diversity and differentiation along the genome. By combining three different technologies, our results highlight the importance of adding a layer of information on genome structure that is inaccessible to each approach independently.
| S-EPMC5411765 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundLong read technologies have revolutionized de novo genome assembly by generating contigs orders of magnitude longer than that of short read assemblies. Although assembly contiguity has increased, it usually does not reconstruct a full chromosome or an arm of the chromosome, resulting in an unfinished chromosome level assembly. To increase the contiguity of the assembly to the chromosome level, different strategies are used which exploit long range contact information between chromosomes in the genome.MethodsWe develop a scalable and computationally efficient scaffolding method that can boost the assembly contiguity to a large extent using genome-wide chromatin interaction data such as Hi-C.Resultswe demonstrate an algorithm that uses Hi-C data for longer-range scaffolding of de novo long read genome assemblies. We tested our methods on the human and goat genome assemblies. We compare our scaffolds with the scaffolds generated by LACHESIS based on various metrics.ConclusionOur new algorithm SALSA produces more accurate scaffolds compared to the existing state of the art method LACHESIS.
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Project description:While long-read sequencing allows for the complete assembly of bacterial genomes, long-read assemblies contain a variety of errors. Here, we present Trycycler, a tool which produces a consensus assembly from multiple input assemblies of the same genome. Benchmarking showed that Trycycler assemblies contained fewer errors than assemblies constructed with a single tool. Post-assembly polishing further reduced errors and Trycycler+polishing assemblies were the most accurate genomes in our study. As Trycycler requires manual intervention, its output is not deterministic. However, we demonstrated that multiple users converge on similar assemblies that are consistently more accurate than those produced by automated assembly tools.
| S-EPMC8442456 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Motivation: Metagenomic and metatranscriptomic sequencing have become increasingly popular tools for producing massive amounts of short-read data, often used for the reconstruction of draft genomes or the detection of (active) genes in microbial communities. Unfortunately, sequence assemblies of such datasets generally remain a computationally challenging task. Frequently, researchers are only interested in a specific group of organisms or genes; yet, the assembly of multiple datasets only to identify candidate sequences for a specific question is sometimes prohibitively slow, forcing researchers to select a subset of available datasets to address their question. Here, we present PhyloMagnet, a workflow to screen meta-omics datasets for taxa and genes of interest using gene-centric assembly and phylogenetic placement of sequences.Results: Using PhyloMagnet, we could identify up to 87% of the genera in an in vitro mock community with variable abundances, while the false positive predictions per single gene tree ranged from 0 to 23%. When applied to a group of metagenomes for which a set of metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) have been published, we could detect the majority of the taxonomic labels that the MAGs had been annotated with. In a metatranscriptomic setting, the phylogenetic placement of assembled contigs corresponds to that of transcripts obtained from transcriptome assembly.Availability and implementation: PhyloMagnet is built using Nextflow, available at github.com/maxemil/PhyloMagnet and is developed and tested on Linux. It is released under the open source GNU GPL licence and documentation is available at phylomagnet.readthedocs.io. Version 0.5 of PhyloMagnet was used for all benchmarking experiments.Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
| S-EPMC7703773 | biostudies-literature
Project description:With an ability to compromise genome integrity, transposable elements (TEs) have significant associations with human diseases. Short-read sequencing has been used to study the expression of TEs; however, the highly repetitive nature of these elements makes multimapping a critical issue. Here we implement LocusMasterTE, an improved quantification method by integrating long-read sequencing. Introducing computed transcript per million(TPM) counts from long-read sequencing as prior distribution during Expectation-Maximization(EM) model in short-read TE quantification, multi-mapped reads are re-assigned to correct expression values. Based on simulated short reads, LocusMasterTE outperforms current quantitative approaches and is significantly favorable in capturing newly inserted TEs. We also verified that TEs quantified by LocusMasterTE clearly related to euchromatins and heterochromatins in cell line samples. With LocusMasterTE we anticipate that more accurate quantification can be performed, allowing novel functions of TEs to be uncovered.
2023-09-01 | GSE225380 | GEO
Project description:BackgroundOxford Nanopore provides high throughput sequencing platforms able to reconstruct complete bacterial genomes with 99.95% accuracy. However, even small levels of error can obscure the phylogenetic relationships between closely related isolates. Polishing tools have been developed to correct these errors, but it is uncertain if they obtain the accuracy needed for the high-resolution source tracking of foodborne illness outbreaks.ResultsWe tested 132 combinations of assembly and short- and long-read polishing tools to assess their accuracy for reconstructing the genome sequences of 15 highly similar Salmonella enterica serovar Newport isolates from a 2020 onion outbreak. While long-read polishing alone improved accuracy, near perfect accuracy (99.9999% accuracy or ~ 5 nucleotide errors across the 4.8 Mbp genome, excluding low confidence regions) was only obtained by pipelines that combined both long- and short-read polishing tools. Notably, medaka was a more accurate and efficient long-read polisher than Racon. Among short-read polishers, NextPolish showed the highest accuracy, but Pilon, Polypolish, and POLCA performed similarly. Among the 5 best performing pipelines, polishing with medaka followed by NextPolish was the most common combination. Importantly, the order of polishing tools mattered i.e., using less accurate tools after more accurate ones introduced errors. Indels in homopolymers and repetitive regions, where the short reads could not be uniquely mapped, remained the most challenging errors to correct.ConclusionsShort reads are still needed to correct errors in nanopore sequenced assemblies to obtain the accuracy required for source tracking investigations. Our granular assessment of the performance of the polishing pipelines allowed us to suggest best practices for tool users and areas for improvement for tool developers.
| S-EPMC11232133 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Cassava genomes assembled with single-molecule long reads, optical and Hi-C maps reveal narrow genetic diversity and mono-allelic expression
| PRJEB27129 | ENA