Potential Destructive Binaural Interaction Effects in Auditory Steady-State Response Measurements.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Watson S
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8580520 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:The Auditory Steady-State Response (ASSR) in the electroencephalogram (EEG) is usually reduced in schizophrenia (SZ), particularly to 40 Hz stimulation. The gamma frequency ASSR deficit has been attributed to N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) hypofunction. We tested whether the NMDAR antagonist, phencyclidine (PCP), produced similar ASSR deficits in rats. EEG was recorded from awake rats via intracranial electrodes overlaying the auditory cortex and at the vertex of the skull. ASSRs to click trains were recorded at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 55 Hz and measured by ASSR Mean Power (MP) and Phase Locking Factor (PLF). In Experiment 1, the effect of different subcutaneous doses of PCP (1.0, 2.5 and 4.0 mg/kg) on the ASSR in 12 rats was assessed. In Experiment 2, ASSRs were compared in PCP treated rats and control rats at baseline, after acute injection (5 mg/kg), following two weeks of subchronic, continuous administration (5 mg/kg/day), and one week after drug cessation. Acute administration of PCP increased PLF and MP at frequencies of stimulation below 50 Hz, and decreased responses at higher frequencies at the auditory cortex site. Acute administration had a less pronounced effect at the vertex site, with a reduction of either PLF or MP observed at frequencies above 20 Hz. Acute effects increased in magnitude with higher doses of PCP. Consistent effects were not observed after subchronic PCP administration. These data indicate that acute administration of PCP, a NMDAR antagonist, produces an increase in ASSR synchrony and power at low frequencies of stimulation and a reduction of high frequency (> 40 Hz) ASSR activity in rats. Subchronic, continuous administration of PCP, on the other hand, has little impact on ASSRs. Thus, while ASSRs are highly sensitive to NMDAR antagonists, their translational utility as a cross-species biomarker for NMDAR hypofunction in SZ and other disorders may be dependent on dose and schedule.
| S-EPMC4530939 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundPaired associative stimulation (PAS) is the repeated combination of a sensory stimulus with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in close temporal association. Recently, a study demonstrated that PAS of an auditory stimulus together with TMS of the temporal cortex is capable of changing the amplitude of auditory evoked potentials (AEP).ObjectiveThis study examined the influence of tone duration and habituation in temporal cortex PAS as elicited by 40 and 20 Hz amplitude modulated auditory steady-state responses (aSSR).MethodsEighteen subjects participated in two experiments, including two PAS protocols each, which consisted of 200 auditory stimuli (4 kHz) paired with temporal cortex TMS with an interstimulus interval (ISI) of 45 ms between tone onset and TMS pulse, delivered at 0.1 Hz. Experiment 1 compared auditory stimuli with different lengths [PAS (23 ms) vs. PAS (400 ms)]. Experiment 2 investigated verum vs. sham PAS. aSSR for the paired tone (4 kHz) and a control tone (1 kHz) were measured pre- and post-interventional-using 40 Hz aSSR in experiment 1 and both 20 and 40 Hz aSSR in experiment 2.ResultsA statistically significant, sham-controlled decrease in amplitude was observed for the 20 Hz aSSR using the 4 kHz PAS carrier frequency in experiment 2.ConclusionFrequency-specific effects for the 20 Hz aSSR confirm the feasibility of auditory PAS and highlight the secondary auditory cortex as its target site, introducing new possible treatment protocols for patients suffering from tinnitus. The amplitude decrease can be explained by principles of spike timing-dependent plasticity and the superposition model of aSSR.
| S-EPMC5682298 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Deviant auditory steady-state responses (aSSRs) in the gamma range (30-90?Hz) may be translational biomarkers for schizophrenia (SZ). This study tests whether aSSR deviations are (i) specific to SZ across the psychosis dimension, (ii) specific to particular frequency bands, and (iii) present in bipolar I disorder without psychosis (BDNP). METHODS:Beta (20-), low- (40-), and high-gamma (80-Hz) aSSRs were measured with EEG and compared across 113 SZ, 105 schizoaffective disorder (SAD), 99 bipolar disorder with psychosis (BDP), 68 BDNP, and 137 healthy comparison subjects (HC). Standard aSSR measures (single-trial power [STP] and inter-trial phase coherence [ITC]), as well as evoked responses to stimulus onsets/offsets and pre-stimulus power, were quantified. Multivariate canonical discriminant analysis was used to summarize variables that efficiently and maximally differentiated groups. RESULTS:(i) Psychosis groups showed reduced responses on ITC 20?Hz, STP/ITC 40?Hz, STP/ITC 80?Hz, indicating dimensional reductions in aSSR across the psychosis spectrum not specific to aSSR frequency. For the 40- and 80-Hz ITCs there was greater reduction in SZ compared to SAD, possibly indexing cortical disruptions linked to psychosis without mood symptoms. (ii) All probands had elevated pre-stimulus power, possibly compromising neural entrainment to the steady-state stimuli. (iii) Onset/Offset and 80?Hz ITC responses were most important for group discrimination and showed dimensional reduction across the schizo-bipolar spectrum. CONCLUSIONS:Deviant aSSRs were found across the schizo-bipolar spectrum at multiple frequencies with psychosis status and severity linked to greatest reductions at low and high gamma.
| S-EPMC6661193 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Auditory steady-state responses (ASSRs) are states in which the electrical activity of the brain reacts steadily to repeated auditory stimuli. They are known to be useful for testing the functional integrity of neural circuits in the cortex, as well as for their capacity to generate synchronous activity in both human and animal models. Furthermore, abnormal gamma oscillations on ASSR are typically observed in patients with schizophrenia (SZ). Changes in neural synchrony may reflect aberrations in cortical gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmission. However, GABA's impact and effects related to ASSR are still unclear. Here, we examined the effect of a GABAa receptor antagonist, (+)-bicuculline, on ASSR in free-moving rats. (+)-Bicuculline (1, 2 and 4 mg/kg, sc) markedly and dose-dependently reduced ASSR signals, consistent with current hypotheses. In particular, (+)-bicuculline significantly reduced event-related spectral perturbations (ERSPs) at 2 and 4 mg/kg between 10 and 30 minutes post-dose. Further, bicuculline (2 and 4 mg/kg) significantly and dose-dependently increased baseline gamma power. Furthermore, the occurrence of convulsions was consistent with the drug's pharmacokinetics. For example, high doses of (+)-bicuculline such as those greater than 880 ng/g in the brain induced convulsion. Additionally, time-dependent changes in ERSP with (+)-bicuculline were observed in accordance with drug concentration. This study partially unraveled the contribution of GABAa receptor signals to the generation of ASSR.
| S-EPMC7380603 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Binaural processing disorder is an important deficit in children with (C)APD so binaural processing evaluations are crucial. There are subjective and objective tests for assessing binaural processing. Subjective tests require patient attention and active so objective evaluation of binaural processing is important. The aim of present study was investigating binaural interaction component (BIC) of middle latency response (MLR) in children suspected to (C)APD. Sixty 8-12 year-old children suspected to (C)APD and sixty normal children were selected based on inclusion criteria. Both groups were matched in terms of sex (40 boys and 20 girls) and age (9.05 ± 1.25 years old). MLR test (monaural right ear, monaural left ear and binaural) was performed in all the cases and BIC was calculated by subtracting binaural response from summed monaural responses. Independent t test showed that latency of Pa and Na (ms), Pa-Na amplitude (µv), BIC latency (ms) and amplitude (µv) were significantly different from normal subjects (p value ?0.001). Present study showed that MLR and BIC of MLR are clinically available and objective tests that can be used to determining children suspected to (C)APD. These tests might have the potential to separating normal children from children with (C)APD objectively.
| S-EPMC6582110 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background:The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome confers a markedly increased risk for schizophrenia. 22q11.2 deletion carriers without manifest psychotic disorder offer the possibility to identify functional abnormalities that precede clinical onset. Since schizophrenia is associated with a reduced cortical gamma response to auditory stimulation at 40 Hz, we hypothesized that the 40 Hz auditory steady-state response (ASSR) may be attenuated in nonpsychotic individuals with a 22q11.2 deletion. Methods:Eighteen young nonpsychotic 22q11.2 deletion carriers and a control group of 27 noncarriers with comparable age range (12-25 years) and sex ratio underwent 128-channel EEG. We recorded the cortical ASSR to a 40 Hz train of clicks, given either at a regular inter-stimulus interval of 25 ms or at irregular intervals jittered between 11 and 37 ms. Results:Healthy noncarriers expressed a stable ASSR to regular but not in the irregular 40 Hz click stimulation. Both gamma power and inter-trial phase coherence of the ASSR were markedly reduced in the 22q11.2 deletion group. The ability to phase lock cortical gamma activity to regular auditory 40 Hz stimulation correlated with the individual expression of negative symptoms in deletion carriers (? = -0.487, P = .041). Conclusions:Nonpsychotic 22q11.2 deletion carriers lack efficient phase locking of evoked gamma activity to regular 40 Hz auditory stimulation. This abnormality indicates a dysfunction of fast intracortical oscillatory processing in the gamma-band. Since ASSR was attenuated in nonpsychotic deletion carriers, ASSR deficiency may constitute a premorbid risk marker of schizophrenia.
| S-EPMC5815132 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Auditory evoked steady-state responses are increasingly being used as a marker of brain function and dysfunction in various neuropsychiatric disorders, but research investigating the test-retest reliability of this response is lacking. The purpose of this study was to assess the consistency of the auditory steady-state response (ASSR) across sessions. Furthermore, the current study aimed to investigate how the reliability of the ASSR is impacted by stimulus parameters and analysis method employed. The consistency of this response across two sessions spaced approximately 1 week apart was measured in nineteen healthy adults using electroencephalography (EEG). The ASSR was entrained by both 40 Hz amplitude-modulated white noise and click train stimuli. Correlations between sessions were assessed with two separate analytical techniques: a) channel-level analysis across the whole-head array and b) signal-space projection from auditory dipoles. Overall, the ASSR was significantly correlated between sessions 1 and 2 (p<0.05, multiple comparison corrected), suggesting adequate test-retest reliability of this response. The current study also suggests that measures of inter-trial phase coherence may be more reliable between sessions than measures of evoked power. Results were similar between the two analysis methods, but reliability varied depending on the presented stimulus, with click train stimuli producing more consistent responses than white noise stimuli.
| S-EPMC3899078 | biostudies-literature
Project description:There have been few reports that investigated the effects of the degree and pattern of a spectral smearing of stimuli due to deteriorated hearing ability on the performance of auditory brain-computer interface (BCI) systems. In this study, we assumed that such spectral smearing of stimuli may affect the performance of an auditory steady-state response (ASSR)-based BCI system and performed subjective experiments using 10 normal-hearing subjects to verify this assumption. We constructed smearing-reflected stimuli using an 8-channel vocoder with moderate and severe hearing loss setups and, using these stimuli, performed subjective concentration tests with three symmetric and six asymmetric smearing patterns while recording electroencephalogram signals. Then, 56 ratio features were calculated from the recorded signals, and the accuracies of the BCI selections were calculated and compared. Experimental results demonstrated that (1) applying smearing-reflected stimuli decreases the performance of an ASSR-based auditory BCI system, and (2) such negative effects can be reduced by adjusting the feature settings of the BCI algorithm on the basis of results acquired a posteriori. These results imply that by fine-tuning the feature settings of the BCI algorithm according to the degree and pattern of hearing ability deterioration of the recipient, the clinical benefits of a BCI system can be improved.
| S-EPMC5670086 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Auditory selective attention enables task-relevant auditory events to be enhanced and irrelevant ones suppressed. In the present study we used a frequency tagging paradigm to investigate the effects of attention on auditory steady state responses (ASSR). The ASSR was elicited by simultaneously presenting two different streams of white noise, amplitude modulated at either 16 and 23.5 Hz or 32.5 and 40 Hz. The two different frequencies were presented to each ear and participants were instructed to selectively attend to one ear or the other (confirmed by behavioral evidence). The results revealed that modulation of ASSR by selective attention depended on the modulation frequencies used and whether the activation was contralateral or ipsilateral. Attention enhanced the ASSR for contralateral activation from either ear for 16 Hz and suppressed the ASSR for ipsilateral activation for 16 Hz and 23.5 Hz. For modulation frequencies of 32.5 or 40 Hz attention did not affect the ASSR. We propose that the pattern of enhancement and inhibition may be due to binaural suppressive effects on ipsilateral stimulation and the dominance of contralateral hemisphere during dichotic listening. In addition to the influence of cortical processing asymmetries, these results may also reflect a bias towards inhibitory ipsilateral and excitatory contralateral activation present at the level of inferior colliculus. That the effect of attention was clearest for the lower modulation frequencies suggests that such effects are likely mediated by cortical brain structures or by those in close proximity to cortex.
| S-EPMC4205007 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Whether attention exerts its impact already on primary sensory levels is still a matter of debate. Particularly in the auditory domain the amount of empirical evidence is scarce. Recently noninvasive and invasive studies have shown attentional modulations of the auditory Steady-State Response (aSSR). This evoked oscillatory brain response is of importance to the issue, because the main generators have been shown to be located in primary auditory cortex. So far, the issue whether the aSSR is sensitive to the predictive value of a cue preceding a target has not been investigated. Participants in the present study had to indicate on which ear the faster amplitude modulated (AM) sound of a compound sound (42 and 19 Hz AM frequencies) was presented. A preceding auditory cue was either informative (75%) or uninformative (50%) with regards to the location of the target. Behaviorally we could confirm that typical attentional modulations of performance were present in case of a preceding informative cue. With regards to the aSSR we found differences between the informative and uninformative condition only when the cue/target combination was presented to the right ear. Source analysis indicated this difference to be generated by a reduced 42 Hz aSSR in right primary auditory cortex. Our and previous data by others show a default tendency of "40 Hz" AM sounds to be processed by the right auditory cortex. We interpret our results as active suppression of this automatic response pattern, when attention needs to be allocated to right ear input.
| S-EPMC6869987 | biostudies-literature