Visualization of bivalvular endocarditis and transeptal cardiac defect via transoesophageal echocardiography.
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SUBMITTER: Hasnie AA
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8759479 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BackgroundTransoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) is a safe and useful tool. In our case, we are presenting a rare case of a patient with aortic dissection during TOE procedure.Case summaryA 79-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for recurrent paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) with palpitation. Pre-procedural cardiac computed tomography (CT) showed slight dilated ascending aorta (maximum diameter: 40 mm). We decided to perform catheter ablation (CA) for AF, and recommended TOE before the CA because she had a CHADS2 score of 4. On the day before the CA, TOE was performed. Her physical examinations at the time of TOE procedure were unremarkable. At 3 min after probe insertion, there was no abnormal finding of the ascending aorta. At 5 min after the insertion, TOE showed ascending aortic dissection without pericardial effusion. After waking, she had severe back pain and underwent a contrast-enhanced CT. Computed tomography demonstrated Stanford type A aortic dissection extending from the aortic root to the bifurcation of common iliac arteries, and tight stenosis in the right coronary artery (maximum diameter; 49 mm). The patient underwent a replacement of the ascending aorta, and a coronary artery bypass graft surgery for the right coronary artery.DiscussionTransoesophageal echocardiography would have to be performed under sufficient sedation with continuous blood pressure monitoring in patients who have risk factors of aortic dissection. The risk-benefit of TOE must be considered before a decision is made. Depending on the situation, another modality instead of TOE might be required.
| S-EPMC7891243 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC1768968 | biostudies-literature
Project description:INTRODUCTION:Microembolic signals are usually detected with transcranial doppler during cardiac surgery.This report focuses on suggesting the transesophageal echocardiography as a different diagnostic approach to detect microemboli during cardiopulmonary bypass. CASE PRESENTATION:A 58 year old male patient, caucasian race, was operated on video assisted minimally invasive mitral valve repair using right minithoracotomy approach. His past medical history included an uncontrolled hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, carotid arteries stenosis. The extracorporeal circulation was performed with femoral-femoral artery and venous approach. Negative pressure for vacuum assist venous drainage was applied in order to facilitate venous blood return. The patient had a brain monitoring with bilateral transcranial doppler of middle cerebral arteries and a double channels electroencephalogram. A three dimensional transesophageal echocardiography to evaluate the mitral valve repair was performed.During the cardiopulmonary bypass a significant microembolic activity was detected in the middle cerebral arteries spectrum velocities due to gas embolism from venous return. Simultaneous recording of microbubbles was also observed on the descending thoracic aorta transesophageal echo views. CONCLUSION:During the aortic cross-clamping time the transesophageal echocardiography can be useful as an alternative method to assess the amount of gas embolism coming from cardiopulmonary bypass. These informations can promote immediate interaction between perfusionist, surgeon and anesthesiologist to perform adequate manoeuvres in order to reduce the microembolism during extracorporeal circulation.
| S-EPMC2542348 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesIn this study, we assessed the prevalence and predisposing factors of non-infectious CIED lead masses as incidental finding during transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE).MethodsIn a retrospective single centre study, we analysed TOE examinations performed for indications other than infectious endocarditis in 141 patients with CIED. Patients with non-suspicious leads and those with incidental non-infectious lead masses were compared with respect to clinical characteristics, anticoagulation, indication for TOE, and CIED lead characteristics. The odds ratios for non-infectious CIED lead masses were calculated.ResultsNon-infectious CIED lead masses were detected in 39 (27.6%) of the 141 patients. They were more often identified on ICD and CRT-D leads compared to pacemaker and CRT-P leads [OR 2.77 (95% CI 1.29-5.95), p = 0.008]. The lifespan of the CIEDs from the first implantation to the index TOE did not differ between both groups. Incidental CIED lead masses were more prevalent in patients who received their device for primary prevention of sudden cardiac death (43.2%) and for resynchronisation (63.6%) but were less prevalent in patients with oral anticoagulation [OR.33 (95% CI.003-1.003), p = 0.048].ConclusionIncidental non-infectious CIED lead masses were frequently found in TOE, with highest prevalence in ICD and CRT-D devices implanted for patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Patients with therapeutic anticoagulation had significantly lower prevalence of CIED lead masses than those without.
| S-EPMC9237605 | biostudies-literature
Project description:A 63-year-old man presented with generalized fatigue, chills, malaise, dyspnea, intermittent fevers, and 50-pound weight loss of 4 months' duration. Blood cultures were positive for pan-sensitive Streptococcus anginosus. Transesophageal echocardiography showed an 11 mm × 3 mm mobile mass attached to the mitral valve, a 16 mm × 16 mm mobile mass attached to the pulmonary valve, and a small membranous ventricular septal defect. The patient received 12 weeks of intravenous (IV) antibiotics with eventual resolution of the masses. Multi-valve endocarditis involving both the left and right chambers is rarely reported without prior history of IV drug use or infective endocarditis. Our case emphasizes the importance of careful assessment for ventricular septal defects or extra-cardiac shunts in individuals who present with simultaneous right and left-sided endocarditis.
| S-EPMC4296393 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeTo assess the comparative diagnostic accuracy of cardiac CT and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in the detection of valvular and perivalvular complications in infective endocarditis.Materials and methodsPubMed and Embase databases were systematically searched until July 2019 for original articles published in English. Studies were included if (a) they used CT and/or TEE as an index test, (b) data were provided as infective endocarditis valvular complications (classified as abscess or pseudoaneurysm, vegetation, leaflet perforation, and paravalvular leakage), and (c) they used surgical findings as the reference standard.ResultsEight studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The sensitivity was higher for CT than TEE for abscess or pseudoaneurysm detection, 78% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 70%, 85%) (112 of 142) versus 69% (95% CI: 62%, 76%) (94 of 135) (P = .052) and increased to 87% (95% CI: 78%, 93%) (70 of 79) when restricted to multiphase CT studies, the difference being significant (P = .04). The sensitivity was significantly higher for TEE than CT for vegetation detection, 94% (95% CI: 92%, 96%) (363 of 383) versus 64% (95% CI: 57%, 70%) (151 of 237) (P < .001) and leaflet perforation detection, 81% (95% CI: 71%, 88%) (74 of 91) versus 41% (95% CI: 25%, 59%) (14 of 35) (P = .02).The sensitivity for paravalvular leakage was 69% (95% CI: 58%, 79%) (56 of 80) versus 44% (95% CI: 30%, 59%) (21 of 48) for TEE and CT, respectively (P = .27).ConclusionCT performs better than TEE in the detection of abscess or pseudoaneurysm whereas TEE gives superior results for vegetation detection, leaflet perforation, and paravalvular leakage.Supplemental material is available for this article.© RSNA, 2020.
| S-EPMC7977865 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background and purpose-current guidelines recommend the use of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in relation to cardio-embolic sources of stroke. Methods-by using an hospital-based cohort, we retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), acute hemorrhagic stroke (AHS) and transient ischemic attack (TIA) who were admitted in Strasbourg Stroke Center, France between November 2017 to December 2018. TEE reports were screened for detection of potential cardiac sources of embolism and the subsequent change in medical management. We performed univariate and multivariate analyses to identify predictors of relevant TEE findings. Results-out of the 990 patients admitted with confirmed stroke, 432 patients (42.6%) underwent TEE. Patients with TEE were younger (62.8 ± 14.8 vs. 73.8, p < 0.001), presented less comorbidities and lower stroke severity assessed by lower NIHSS (2 IQR (0-4) vs. 3 IQR (0-10), p < 0.01) and Modified Rankin Scale (1 IQR (0-1) vs. 1 (0-3), p < 0.01). A total of 227 examinations (52.5%) demonstrated abnormal findings considered as potential cardiac sources of embolism and 31 examinations (7.1%) were followed by subsequent change in medical management. Age (HR: 0.948, 95% CI 0.923 to 0.974; p < 0.001), previous AIS (HR: 3.542, 95% CI 1.290 to 9.722; p = 0.01), previous TIA (HR: 7.830, CI 95% 2214 to 27,689; p = 0.001) and superficial middle cerebral artery territory infarction (HR: 2.774, CI 95% 1.168-6.589; p = 0.021) were strong independent predictors with change in medical management following TEE. Conclusions-additional TEE changed the medical course of stroke patients in 7.1% in a French high-volume stroke unit.
| S-EPMC7922802 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundTranscatheter aortic valve implantation inside a previously implanted bioprosthesis is an alternative treatment for patients with degenerated surgical aortic bioprosthesis (AB) at high surgical risk. Pre-operative computed tomography (CT) scan provides essential information to the procedure planning, although in case of acute presentation it is not always feasible.Case summaryA 32-year-old man with history of surgical treatment of aortic coarctation and Bio-Bentall procedure was transferred to our department in cardiogenic shock with a suspected diagnosis of acute myocarditis. A transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) revealed a severely impaired biventricular function and AB degeneration causing severe stenosis. It was decided to undertake an urgent trans-apical valve-in-valve (ViV) procedure. Due to haemodynamic instability, a preoperative CT scan was not performed and transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) was the main intraprocedural guiding imaging technique. Neither intraprocedural nor periprocedural complications occurred. Serial post-procedural TTE exams showed good functioning of the bioprosthesis and progressive improvement of left ventricular ejection fraction. Patient was discharged from the hospital 8 days after the intervention.DiscussionA patient with cardiogenic shock due to severe degeneration of the AB was treated with urgent transapical ViV procedure. In this case, where urgent ViV technique was needed, TOE appeared to be a crucial alternative to CT scan and allowed us to perform a successful procedure.
| S-EPMC8343450 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) ablation has been shown to be possible using minimal or no fluoroscopic imaging for guidance. However, the techniques previously described focus on radiofrequency ablation or rely on the use of resource-heavy technology such as intra-cardiac echocardiography. We describe the first reported case in the literature of successful fluoroscopy-free AF cryoablation guided solely by transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE).Case summaryA 65-year-old gentleman underwent cryoablation of paroxysmal AF using TOE guidance only with no use of fluoroscopy. Transoesophageal echocardiography was used in all stages of the procedure including guidance for transseptal puncture, ensuring balloon position in the pulmonary veins, and checking for post-procedure pericardial effusion. After 5 months of follow-up, the patient remains in sinus rhythm and has discontinued all antiarrhythmic and anticoagulant medication.DiscussionThis case demonstrates for the first time the feasibility of fluoroscopy-free cryoablation using only TOE for guidance.
| S-EPMC6426113 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC7850619 | biostudies-literature