SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant Neutralization in Serum from Vaccinated and Convalescent Persons.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Rossler A
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8781314 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Feb
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant Neutralization in Serum from Vaccinated and Convalescent Persons.
Rössler Annika A Riepler Lydia L Bante David D von Laer Dorothee D Kimpel Janine J
The New England journal of medicine 20220112 7
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Project description:BackgroundThe SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant became a global concern due to its rapid spread and displacement of the dominant Delta variant. We hypothesized that part of Omicron's rapid rise was based on its increased ability to cause infections in persons that are vaccinated compared to Delta.MethodsWe analyzed nasal swab PCR tests for samples collected between December 12 and 16, 2021, in Connecticut when the proportion of Delta and Omicron variants was relatively equal. We used the spike gene target failure (SGTF) to classify probable Delta and Omicron infections. We fitted an exponential curve to the estimated infections to determine the doubling times for each variant. We compared the test positivity rates for each variant by vaccination status, number of doses, and vaccine manufacturer. Generalized linear models were used to assess factors associated with odds of infection with each variant among persons testing positive for SARS-CoV-2.FindingsFor infections with high virus copies (Ct < 30) among vaccinated persons, we found higher odds that they were infected with Omicron compared to Delta, and that the odds increased with increased number of vaccine doses. Compared to unvaccinated persons, we found significant reduction in Delta positivity rates after two (43.4%-49.1%) and three vaccine doses (81.1%), while we only found a significant reduction in Omicron positivity rates after three doses (62.3%).ConclusionThe rapid rise in Omicron infections was likely driven by Omicron's escape from vaccine-induced immunity.FundingThis work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
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