Dumbbell-shaped solid-cystic hypoglossal schwannoma: An unusual case report.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Trifa A
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8784287 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Schwannomas are benign, slow growing nerve sheath tumours of Schwann cell origin. They predominantly are known to involve the head, neck and the flexor surfaces of the extremities, retroperitoneum and the posterior spinal roots. The chest wall is a relatively uncommon location for a schwannoma, the vast majority of which are intra-thoracic, which are usually located in the posterior mediastinum and bulge into the thoracic cavity. Schwannomas arising from the lateral chest wall are relatively uncommon (<5 %). Dumbbell shaped schwannomas of the lateral chest wall i.e. with an intra-thoracic and extra-thoracic component, is extraordinarily rare and to the best of our knowledge only one case has been reported prior. We report possibly the second case of a dumbbell shaped lateral chest wall schwannoma in a 33-year-old female patient which masquandered as a case of soft tissue sarcoma.
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Project description:Spinal hydatidosis, which affects the thoracic vertebrae, is not only an extremely rare occurrence, but is also characterized by a high recurrence rate. Here, we reported a case of 67-years-old man who presented with recurrent spinal hydatid disease. The condition was originally misdiagnosed as Schwannoma via medical imaging, but eventually confirmed by postoperative pathology. He was subjected to surgery, combined with adjuvant drug therapy. Unfortunately, he experienced recurrent spinal hydatid disease and had to undergo hydatid cyst excision in over 5 years.
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Project description:IntroductionThis paper reports an uncommon location and complication of a cystic lymphangioma. Few cases of infected colonic cystic lymphangioma were described in literature. Symptoms are non-specific and setting the diagnosis on radiological features remain challenging. Urgent open surgery is generally required for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes.Presentation of caseWe describe a case of a young man who presented with an acute abdomen mimicking bile peritonitis, infected tumor of the colon or even a complicated hydatid disease of the liver, which is endemic in our country. CT-scan was compulsory to suspect the diagnosis of infected cystic lymphangioma but remained insufficient to rule out other more frequent diagnoses. The patient underwent an emergency open surgery consisting in a bowel resection, in whose case an infected cystic lymphangioma was barely suspected preoperatively but confirmed by the pathological examination of the specimen. No postoperative complications were noticed.DiscussionSetting the diagnosis of an infected cystic lymphangioma of the colon is tough. Many differential diagnoses are more frequently suspected and radiological examinations can be helpful. However, an emergency surgery is mandatory in order to avoid septic shock and resect the lesion, sometimes at the cost of bowel resection. Laparoscopic or endoscopic treatments are feasible but are not the standard in emergency cases.ConclusionAcute presentation of cystic lymphangioma of the colon is very scarce and can be life-threatening leading to urgent open surgery, although endoscopic or laparoscopic treatment remain feasible. Further studies are needed to select which technique is suitable for this disorder.
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Project description:Previous research has shown that although NF2 gene mutation is the major cause of vestibular schwannoma (VS), it may not directly participate in cystic VS (CVS). To elucidate the underlying potential genetic mechanisms in the cystic formation of VS, we compared differences in gene expression between solid VS (SVS) and CVS via a bioinformatics analysis. The cDNA microarray method and miRNA sequencing were performed on 29 representative VSs (17 CVSs and 12 SVSs). A differential expression analysis was used to identify differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) and miRNAs (DEmiRNAs). Then, miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks were constructed. Gene ontology (GO), a KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) were used to analyze the co-differentially expressed DEmRNAs at the functional level. From the differential expression analyses, 1304 DEmRNAs, 55 DEmiRNAs, and hub genes including PTEN, FOXO1, FOXO3, VEGFA, and SIRT1 were identified. Histological evidence is presented to confirm the makeup of the hubs, which corresponded with the cDNA microarray. Our analysis revealed that the maps of apoptosis, cellular response to hypoxia, and the PI3K-Akt, AMPK, FOXO, and chemokine signaling pathways were significantly enriched. In addition, the TUNEL assay, immunoblotting analysis, and transmission electron microscope revealed increased degenerative changes in CVS. These findings could be the foundation for understanding the potential role of differential genes in the cystic formation of VS and be helpful in exploring the potential biomarkers for the differential diagnosis, prognosis, and development of drug targets for CVS.
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Project description:Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a malignant neoplasm, frequently affecting the salivary glands, and rarely occurring in other locations. ACC is characterized by slow growth, perineural invasion, local and late recurrence after original treatment. However, renal metastasis of ACC is very rare. To our best knowledge, only 11 cases of ACC metastasis to the kidney have been reported in the English literature to date. Herein, we presented a rare case of a 70-year-old man with renal metastasis from ACC of the right lung after 3 years of primary presentation. Our patient underwent right radical nephrectomy and histologically confirmed as Metastatic Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma.
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Project description:Introduction and importanceSchwannomas are benign tumors commonly found in the cranial vault at the cerebellopontine angle. Schwannomas could arise from any nerve that has Schwann sheath. Their most common extra-cranial localization is the parapharyngeal space. Schwannomas do not usually metastasize, and recurrence is uncommon.Case presentationWe present a case of a sympathetic trunk schwannoma in a patient that presented with dysphagia and a painful neck mass. Oro-pharyngeal examination revealed the presence of a mass filling-up the left tonsillar fossa, and pushing the uvula to the right side. The larynx was also deviated to the right due to the mass effect. The mass was resected en-bloc with the involved part of the sympathetic trunk. The patient developed Horner's syndrome postoperatively.Clinical discussionThe occurrence of Sympathetic trunk Schwannomas is very rare. The majority of patients presented with a cervical mass and non-specific symptoms. The most effective treatment is surgical resection. Our experience suggests sympathetic trunk Schwannomas as a differential diagnosis of slow-growing neck masses and asserts that the surgical resection is the main treatment.ConclusionThe occurrence of Schwannomas in the sympathetic trunk is rare. High clinical suspicion is required to achieve the preoperative diagnosis. The optimal management is the total surgical resection. Recurrence is uncommon when the mass is totally resected.
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Project description:BackgroundIntracranial intraparenchymal schwannomas (IS) are rare tumors that have mainly been described in case reports. Here, we report on a case of a brainstem IS and included a comprehensive literature review.Case descriptionA 74-year-old man presented with progressive gait disturbances. CT- and MRI-imaging revealed a contrast-enhancing mass accompanied by a cyst in the dorsolateral pons. Hemangioblastoma was suspected and surgery was advised. During surgery, gross total resection of a non-invasive tumor was performed. Postoperative recovery was uneventful. Based on histopathological examination, the intraparenchymal brainstem tumor was diagnosed as schwannoma.ConclusionOur extensive review illustrates that ISs are benign tumors that most often present in relatively young patients. Malignant cases have been described but form an extremely rare entity. Preoperative diagnosis based on radiological features is difficult but should be considered when peritumoral edema, calcifications, and cysts are noted. In benign cases, gross total resection of the lesion is curative. To adequately select this treatment and adjust the surgical strategy accordingly, it is important to include IS in the preoperative differential diagnosis when the abovementioned radiological features are present.
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Project description:Female neonate admitted to our hospital with an abdominal mass and a thigh mass that were connected as a single dumbbell-shaped mass. CT was done on admission that showed cystic swelling in the thigh with intra-abdominal extension passing under inguinal ligament, most probably lymphangioma. The patient was assessed and prepared for surgery starting with the abdominal part then after two days for the thigh mass. Distal pulses in the lower limbs were assessed intra- and postoperatively following both surgeries. The pathology report showed rhabdomyosarcoma of the embryonal type.
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Project description:Schwannomas are benign tumours that originate from the myelin sheath of peripheral nerves. They are characterised by a slow growth tendency. Benign schwannomas represent 35% of the head and neck district tumours. Hypoglossal schwannomas account for 5% of non-vestibular schwannomas, and malignant schwannomas occur very rarely. In the present case report, the case of a 49-year-old man who presented with paraesthesias in the left parotid and submandibular region, associated with sensation of foreign bodies and dysphagia for solids, is described. A clinical examination revealed the presence of an ovoid palpable mass in the lateral-cervical region of the neck. The patient subsequently underwent excisional surgery, and neuropathological evaluation of the specimen confirmed the diagnosis of benign schwannoma with Antoni areas A and B. Despite the rarity of schwannomas, this condition should be considered in differential diagnoses for masses localised in the neck, as in cases where they reach considerable sizes (>3 cm in diameter). Surgery therefore represents the first-choice treatment.
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Project description:The current study presents a mesenteric mesenchymal tumor case, with unusual features in diagnostic imaging and histology. A 16-year-old male was admitted to the hospital with abdominal pain. Computed tomography (CT) revealed an abdominal mass, 2 cm in diameter. The results of contrast-enhanced CT, magnetic resonance imaging and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography indicated no specific features suggestive of its histology. Two arteries branching from the superior mesenteric artery were observed feeding the hypervascular tumor. After endoscopic and other laboratory findings revealed no additional lesions, the lesion was diagnosed as a primary mesenteric tumor. As the possibility of malignancy and future bleeding from this tumor could not be ruled out, a resection of the tumor was performed. During the surgery, the tumor, which was well circumscribed and hypervascular, was located in the mesentery of the jejunum. The resected tumor did not exhibit typical histological characteristics, and was labeled as 'myxoid smooth muscle neoplasm of uncertain biologic potential'. At 2 years after surgery, the patient remained well without evidence of recurrence. As primary mesenteric tumors are rare, particularly in young patients, it is considered important that this type of unusual tumor be included in the differential diagnosis for mesenteric tumors.
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