Comparison of mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Immunogenicity in Kidney Transplant Recipients.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Haller MC
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8842265 | biostudies-literature | 2021
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Comparison of mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Immunogenicity in Kidney Transplant Recipients.
Haller Maria C MC Kaiser Robert A RA Langthaler Simon S Brandstetter Clara C Apfalter Petra P Kerschner Heidrun H Cejka Daniel D
Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation 20210101
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| S-EPMC8276570 | biostudies-literature
Project description:According to preliminary data, seroconversion after mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination might be unsatisfactory in Kidney Transplant Recipients (KTRs). However, it is unknown if seronegative patients develop at least a cellular response that could offer a certain grade of protection against SARS-CoV-2. To answer this question, we prospectively studied 148 recipients of either kidney (133) or kidney-pancreas (15) grafts with assessment of IgM/IgG spike (S) antibodies and ELISpot against the nucleocapside (N) and the S protein at baseline and 2 weeks after receiving the second dose of the mRNA-1273 (Moderna) vaccine. At baseline, 31 patients (20.9%) had either IgM/IgG or ELISpot positivity and were considered to be SARS-CoV-2-pre-immunized, while 117 (79.1%) patients had no signs of either cellular or humoral response and were considered SARS-CoV-2-naïve. After vaccination, naïve patients who developed either humoral or cellular response were finally 65.0%, of which 29.9% developed either IgG or IgM and 35.0% S-ELISpot positivity. Factors associated with vaccine unresponsiveness were diabetes and treatment with antithymocytes globulins during the last year. Side effects were consistent with that of the pivotal trial and no DSAs developed after vaccination. In conclusion, mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine elicits either cellular or humoral response in almost two thirds of KTRs.
| S-EPMC8222867 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC8414189 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence and investigated factors associated with seropositivity after the second SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in kidney transplant (KT) recipients. This retrospective study conducted between June and November 2021 included 106 KT recipients and 127 healthy controls who received the second dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine at least 7 days before the measurement of antibody titers. The antibody titer against the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein was determined. We compared seroprevalence rates (immunoglobulin G [IgG] level of ≥ 0.8 or ≥ 15 U/mL) between the healthy controls and KT recipients and identified factors associated with impaired humoral response. The seroprevalence rate of the healthy controls and KT recipients was 98% and 22%, respectively. Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age > 53 years, rituximab use, mycophenolate mofetil use, and KT vintage < 7 years were negatively associated with the rate of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S IgG ≥ 15 U/mL in KT recipients. ABO blood type incompatible KT was not significantly associated with seroprevalence. Humoral response after the second BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine was greatly hindered by immunosuppression therapy in KT recipients. Older age, rituximab use, mycophenolate mofetil use, and KT vintage may play key roles in seroconversion.
| S-EPMC8988536 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundDifferences in immunogenicity between mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have not been well characterized in patients undergoing dialysis. We compared the serologic response in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis after vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 with BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) and mRNA-1273 (Moderna).MethodsWe conducted a prospective observational cohort study at 2 academic centres in Toronto, Canada, from Feb. 2, 2021, to July 20, 2021, which included 129 and 95 patients who received the BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, respectively. We measured SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G antibodies to the spike protein (anti-spike), receptor binding domain (anti-RBD) and nucleocapsid protein (anti-NP) at 6-7 and 12 weeks after the second dose of vaccine and compared those levels with the median convalescent serum antibody levels from 211 controls who were previously infected with SARS-CoV-2.ResultsAt 6-7 weeks after 2-dose vaccination, we found that 51 of 70 patients (73%) who received BNT162b2 and 83 of 87 (95%) who received mRNA-1273 attained convalescent levels of anti-spike antibody (p < 0.001). In those who received BNT162b2, 35 of 70 (50%) reached the convalescent level for anti-RBD compared with 69 of 87 (79%) who received mRNA-1273 (p < 0.001). At 12 weeks after the second dose, anti-spike and anti-RBD levels were significantly lower in patients who received BNT162b2 than in those who received mRNA-1273. For anti-spike, 70 of 122 patients (57.4%) who received BNT162b2 maintained the convalescent level versus 68 of 71 (96%) of those who received mRNA-1273 (p < 0.001). For anti-RBD, 47 of 122 patients (38.5%) who received BNT162b2 maintained the anti-RBD convalescent level versus 45 of 71 (63%) of those who received mRNA-1273 (p = 0.002).InterpretationIn patients undergoing hemodialysis, mRNA-1273 elicited a stronger humoral response than BNT162b2. Given the rapid decline in immunogenicity at 12 weeks in patients who received BNT162b2, a third dose is recommended in patients undergoing dialysis as a primary series, similar to recommendations for other vulnerable populations.
| S-EPMC9053976 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC8489274 | biostudies-literature
Project description:(1) Background: High immunosuppressive regimen in lung transplant recipients (LTRs) hampers the immune response to vaccination. We prospectively investigated the immunogenicity of heterologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19-BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination in an LTR cohort. (2) Methods: Forty-nine COVID-19 naïve LTRs received a two-dose regimen ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine. A subset of 32 patients received a booster dose of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine 18 weeks after the second dose. (3) Results: Two-doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 induced poor immunogenicity with 7.2% seropositivity at day 180 and low neutralizing capacities. The BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine induced significant increases in IgG titers with means of 197.8 binding antibody units per milliliter (BAU/mL) (95% CI 0-491.4) and neutralizing antibodies, with means of 76.6 AU/mL (95% CI 0-159.6). At day 238, 32.2% of LTRs seroconverted after the booster dose. Seroneutralization capacities against Delta and Omicron variants were found in only 13 and 9 LTRs, respectively. Mycophenolate mofetil and high-dose corticosteroids were associated with a weak serological response. (4) Conclusions: The immunogenicity of a two-dose ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine regimen was very poor in LTRs, but was significantly enhanced after the booster dose in one-third of LTRs. In immunocompromised individuals, the administration of a fourth dose may be considered to increase the immune response against SARS-CoV-2.
| S-EPMC9316698 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-specific cell-mediated immunity (SARS-CoV-2-CMI) elicited by mRNA-based vaccines in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients and its correlation with antibody responses remain poorly characterized.MethodsWe included 44 (28 kidney, 14 liver, and 2 double organ) recipients who received the full series of the mRNA-1273 vaccine. SARS-CoV-2-CMI was evaluated at baseline, before the second dose, and at 2 wk after completion of vaccination by an ELISpot-based interferon-γ FluoroSpot assay using overlapping peptides covering the S1 domain. SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G seroconversion and serum neutralizing activity against the spike protein were assessed at the same points by commercial ELISA and an angiotensin-converting enzyme-2/spike antibody inhibition method, respectively. Postvaccination SARS-CoV-2-CMI was compared with 28 healthcare workers who received the BNT162b2 vaccine.ResultsPositive SARS-CoV-2-CMI increased from 6.8% at baseline to 23.3% after the first mRNA-1273 dose and 59.5% after the completion of vaccination (P < 0.0001). Lower rates were observed for immunoglobulin G seroconversion (2.3%, 18.6%, and 57.1%, respectively) and neutralizing activity (2.3%, 11.6%, and 31.0%). There was a modest correlation between neutralizing titers and the magnitude of SARS-CoV-2-CMI (Spearman's rho: 0.375; P = 0.015). Fifteen recipients (35.7%) mounted SARS-CoV-2-CMI without detectable neutralizing activity, whereas 3 (7.1%) did the opposite, yielding poor categorical agreement (Kappa statistic: 0.201). Rates of positive SARS-CoV-2-CMI among SOT recipients were significantly decreased compared with nontransplant controls (82.1% and 100.0% after the first dose and completion of vaccination, respectively; P < 0.0001). Kidney transplantation, the use of tacrolimus and prednisone, and the number of immunosuppressive agents were associated with lower cell-mediated responses. Results remained unchanged when 3 recipients with prevaccination SARS-CoV-2-CMI were excluded.ConclusionsTwo-thirds of SOT recipients mounted SARS-CoV-2-CMI following vaccination with mRNA-1273. Notable discordance was observed between vaccine-induced cell-mediated and neutralizing humoral immunities. Future studies should determine whether these patients with incomplete responses are effectively protected.
| S-EPMC8601286 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC10149233 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesWe evaluated whether the treatment history of low-dose rituximab affected safety profiles, and humoral and cellular responses induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 messenger ribonucleic acid vaccine in healthy controls and kidney transplant recipients.MethodsWe enrolled 10 healthcare workers as controls, 22 kidney transplant recipients with rituximab, and 36 kidney transplant recipients without rituximab without history of coronavirus disease 2019 who received two doses of vaccine. We assessed anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike antibody and the antigen-specific T cells using enzyme-linked immunospot against spike protein at baseline and after two doses of vaccine.ResultsAll controls showed anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibody seroconversion and enzyme-linked immunospot positivity. Only 19/58 (33%) kidney transplant recipients experienced anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibody seroconversion and 31/58 (53%) kidney transplant recipients developed enzyme-linked immunospot assay positivity after vaccination. The anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibody seroconversion rate and enzyme-linked immunospot assay positivity rate after vaccination were not significantly different between kidney transplant recipients with or without rituximab. Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated rituximab was not associated with a lack of humoral and cellular responses to the vaccine.ConclusionsLow-dose rituximab in kidney transplant recipients did not affect humoral or cellular responses to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 messenger ribonucleic acid vaccine without severe systemic adverse events including the deterioration of kidney function.
| S-EPMC9349512 | biostudies-literature