Dataset Information

How common is ventilator-associated pneumonia after coronavirus disease 2019?

ABSTRACT:

Purpose of review

The first studies on COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) described a high rate of secondary bacterial ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). The specificity of VAP diagnoses in these patients are reviewed, including their actual rate.

Recent findings

Published studies described high rates of bacterial VAP among COVID-19 patients with ARDS, and these VAP episodes are usually severe and of specifically poor prognosis with high mortality. Indeed, Severe acute respiratory syndrome - coronavirus disease 19 (SARS-CoV2) infection elicits alterations that may explain a high risk of VAP. In addition, breaches in the aseptic management of patients might have occurred when the burden of care was heavy. In addition, VAP in these patients is more frequently suspected, and more often investigated with diagnostic tools based on molecular techniques.

Summary

VAP is frequented and of particularly poor prognosis in COVID-19 patients with ARDS. It can be explained by SARS-CoV-2 pathophysiology, and also breaches in the aseptic procedures. In addition, tools based on molecular techniques allow an early diagnosis and unmask VAP usually underdiagnosed by traditional culture-based methods. The impact of molecular technique-based diagnostics in improving antibacterial therapy and COVID-19 prognosis remain to be evaluated.

SUBMITTER: Wicky PH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8900889 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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How common is ventilator-associated pneumonia after coronavirus disease 2019?

Wicky Paul-Henri PH d'Humières Camille C Timsit Jean-François JF

Current opinion in infectious diseases 20220401 2

<h4>Purpose of review</h4>The first studies on COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) described a high rate of secondary bacterial ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). The specificity of VAP diagnoses in these patients are reviewed, including their actual rate.<h4>Recent findings</h4>Published studies described high rates of bacterial VAP among COVID-19 patients with ARDS, and these VAP episodes are usually severe and of specifically poor prognosis with high mortalit ...[more]

PMID: 35044973

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Project description:ObjectivesLittle is known about the epidemiology of ventilator-acquired pneumonia among coronavirus disease 2019 patients such as incidence or etiological agents. Some studies suggest a higher risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia in this specific population.DesignCohort exposed/nonexposed study among the REA-REZO surveillance network.SettingMulticentric; ICUs in France.PatientsThe coronavirus disease 2019 patients at admission were matched on the age, sex, center of inclusion, presence of antimicrobial therapy at admission, patient provenance, time from ICU admission to mechanical ventilation, and Simplified Acute Physiology Score II at admission to the patients included between 2016 and 2019 within the same surveillance network (1:1).InterventionsNone.Measurements and main resultsThe overall incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia, the cumulative incidence, and hazard rate of the first and the second ventilator-associated pneumonia were estimated. In addition, the ventilator-associated pneumonia microbiological ecology and specific resistant pattern in coronavirus disease 2019 exposed and nonexposed patients were compared. Medication data were not collected. A total of 1,879 patients were included in each group. The overall incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia was higher among coronavirus disease 2019 exposed patients (25.5; 95% CI [23.7-27.45] vs 15.4; 95% CI [13.7-17.3] ventilator-associated pneumonia per 1,000 ventilation days). The cumulative incidence was higher for the first and the second ventilator-associated pneumonia among the coronavirus disease 2019 exposed patients (respective Gray test p < 0.0001 and 0.0167). The microbiological ecology and resistance were comparable between groups with a predominance of Enterobacterales and nonfermenting Gram-negative bacteria. The documented resistance pattern was similar between groups, except for a lower rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the coronavirus disease 2019 exposed patient (6% vs 23%; p = 0.013).ConclusionsThere was a higher incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia occurring among coronavirus disease 2019 patient compared with the general ICU population, with a similar microbiological ecology and resistance pattern.

Dataset Information

How common is ventilator-associated pneumonia after coronavirus disease 2019?

Purpose of review

Recent findings

Summary

Publications

How common is ventilator-associated pneumonia after coronavirus disease 2019?

Similar Datasets

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