Dataset Information

Fluctuating temperature modifies heat-mortality association around the globe.

ABSTRACT: Studies have investigated the effects of heat and temperature variability (TV) on mortality. However, few assessed whether TV modifies the heat-mortality association. Data on daily temperature and mortality in the warm season were collected from 717 locations across 36 countries. TV was calculated as the standard deviation of the average of the same and previous days' minimum and maximum temperatures. We used location-specific quasi-Poisson regression models with an interaction term between the cross-basis term for mean temperature and quartiles of TV to obtain heat-mortality associations under each quartile of TV, and then pooled estimates at the country, regional, and global levels. Results show the increased risk in heat-related mortality with increments in TV, accounting for 0.70% (95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.33 to 1.69), 1.34% (95% CI: -0.14 to 2.73), 1.99% (95% CI: 0.29-3.57), and 2.73% (95% CI: 0.76-4.50) of total deaths for Q1-Q4 (first quartile-fourth quartile) of TV. The modification effects of TV varied geographically. Central Europe had the highest attributable fractions (AFs), corresponding to 7.68% (95% CI: 5.25-9.89) of total deaths for Q4 of TV, while the lowest AFs were observed in North America, with the values for Q4 of 1.74% (95% CI: -0.09 to 3.39). TV had a significant modification effect on the heat-mortality association, causing a higher heat-related mortality burden with increments of TV. Implementing targeted strategies against heat exposure and fluctuant temperatures simultaneously would benefit public health.

SUBMITTER: Wu Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8942841 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Fluctuating temperature modifies heat-mortality association around the globe.

Wu Yao Y Wen Bo B Li Shanshan S Gasparrini Antonio A Tong Shilu S Overcenco Ala A Urban Aleš A Schneider Alexandra A Entezari Alireza A Vicedo-Cabrera Ana Maria AM Zanobetti Antonella A Analitis Antonis A Zeka Ariana A Tobias Aurelio A Alahmad Barrak B Armstrong Ben B Forsberg Bertil B Íñiguez Carmen C Ameling Caroline C De la Cruz Valencia César C Åström Christofer C Houthuijs Danny D Van Dung Do D Royé Dominic D Indermitte Ene E Lavigne Eric E Mayvaneh Fatemeh F Acquaotta Fiorella F de'Donato Francesca F Sera Francesco F Carrasco-Escobar Gabriel G Kan Haidong H Orru Hans H Kim Ho H Holobaca Iulian-Horia IH Kyselý Jan J Madureira Joana J Schwartz Joel J Katsouyanni Klea K Hurtado-Diaz Magali M Ragettli Martina S MS Hashizume Masahiro M Pascal Mathilde M de Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coélho Micheline M Scovronick Noah N Michelozzi Paola P Goodman Patrick P Nascimento Saldiva Paulo Hilario PH Abrutzky Rosana R Osorio Samuel S Dang Tran Ngoc TN Colistro Valentina V Huber Veronika V Lee Whanhee W Seposo Xerxes X Honda Yasushi Y Bell Michelle L ML Guo Yuming Y

Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) 20220311 2

Studies have investigated the effects of heat and temperature variability (TV) on mortality. However, few assessed whether TV modifies the heat-mortality association. Data on daily temperature and mortality in the warm season were collected from 717 locations across 36 countries. TV was calculated as the standard deviation of the average of the same and previous days' minimum and maximum temperatures. We used location-specific quasi-Poisson regression models with an interaction term between the ...[more]

PMID: 35340394

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Project description:BackgroundRadon is the primary source of environmental radiation exposure posing a significant human health risk in cold countries. In Canada, most provinces have revised building codes by 2017, requiring construction solutions to avoid radon in all new buildings. While various construction solutions and remediation techniques have been proposed and evaluated, the question about the best method that would effectively reduce radon in a variety of contexts remained unanswered. Radon practitioners, officials of radon control programs, and businesses offering radon testing and mitigation services, builders, property managers, homeowners and residents also have similar queries.ObjectiveThis paper systematically reviewed both experimental and observational studies (S) with radon interventions (I) used globally in residential houses (P) compared to other residential or model houses (C) to evaluate relative mitigation effectiveness (O) that could guide selecting the best radon reduction strategy for residential buildings.MethodsTwo researchers searched fifteen academic bibliographic and grey literature databases for radon intervention studies conducted around the world, with particular emphasis on areas of North America and Europe published from 1990 to 2018.Interventions in residential and model houses were included, but studies piloted purely in the lab were excluded; the PRISMA checklist was used to synthesize data; Cochrane and Hamilton tools were used to evaluate study quality.ResultsStudies around the globe have investigated a variety of construction solutions, radon mitigation and remediation systems with different levels of effectiveness. In most cases, sub-slab or sump depressurization system (SSDS) with active ventilation technique was found more effective in achieving a significant and sustained radon reduction than the passive methods such as sealing, membrane, block and beam, simple ventilation, or filtration. The choice of an optimal strategy largely depends on the factors related to the initial radon level, routes of entry, building design and age, as well as other geologic, atmospheric, and climatic conditions.ConclusionAlthough an active SSDS is the best mitigation systems, at places, it needs to be combined with another system and installed by a trained radon professional considering the pertinent factors to ensure radon level continues to remain below the action level. This study did not conduct any economic evaluation of the mitigation measures. Future review with studies on the implementation of new building codes will provide updated evidence.RecommendationFor the practical implementation of radon mitigation, training of the construction industry, information provision for residents, the establishment of public funds, incorporation of radon-prone areas in the land utilization maps, and enacting building codes deemed essential.

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Fluctuating temperature modifies heat-mortality association around the globe.

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Fluctuating temperature modifies heat-mortality association around the globe.

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