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Acquisition learning is stronger for aversive than appetitive events.

ABSTRACT: Appetitive and aversive learning are both key building blocks of adaptive behavior, yet knowledge regarding their differences is sparse. Using a capsaicin heat pain model in 36 healthy participants, this study directly compared the acquisition and extinction of conditioned stimuli (CS) predicting pain exacerbation and relief. Valence ratings show stronger acquisition during aversive compared to appetitive learning, but no differences in extinction. Skin conductance responses and contingency ratings confirmed these results. Findings were unrelated to individual differences in pain sensitivity or psychological factors. Our results support the notion of an evolutionarily hardwired preponderance to acquire aversive rather than appetitive cues as is protective for acute aversive states such as pain but may contribute to the development and maintenance of clinical conditions such as chronic pain, depression or anxiety disorders.

SUBMITTER: van der Schaaf ME

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8979974 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Acquisition learning is stronger for aversive than appetitive events.

van der Schaaf Marieke E ME Schmidt Katharina K Kaur Jaspreet J Gamer Matthias M Wiech Katja K Forkmann Katarina K Bingel Ulrike U

Communications biology 20220404 1

Appetitive and aversive learning are both key building blocks of adaptive behavior, yet knowledge regarding their differences is sparse. Using a capsaicin heat pain model in 36 healthy participants, this study directly compared the acquisition and extinction of conditioned stimuli (CS) predicting pain exacerbation and relief. Valence ratings show stronger acquisition during aversive compared to appetitive learning, but no differences in extinction. Skin conductance responses and contingency rati ...[more]

PMID: 35379893

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