Dataset Information

Case Report: Resting-State Brain-Networks After Near-Complete Hemispherectomy in Adulthood.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

Understanding the dynamics of reorganized network-level brain functions after hemispherectomy is important for treatment, prognostication, and rehabilitation of brain injury, but also for investigating questions of fundamental neurobehavioral interest: How does the brain promote consciousness despite loss of one hemisphere?

Methods

We studied resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) in a high-functioning middle-aged man 6 years after functional hemispherectomy following malignant middle cerebral artery infarction, and we compared results to RSFC in 20 healthy controls.

Results

Our analysis indicates increased between-network connectivity for all seven networks examined in the patient's preserved hemisphere, compared to healthy controls, suggesting a shift toward increased between-network connectivity following near-complete loss of one hemisphere during adulthood.

Conclusions

These data corroborate and extend recent findings of increased between-network connectivity in the remaining hemisphere after surgical hemispherectomy for intractable epilepsy during childhood. Our results support a neuroplasticity model with reorganization of distributed brain connectivity within the preserved hemisphere as part of the road to recovery after brain injury, as well as recovery of consciousness and cognitive functions, after hemispherectomy.

SUBMITTER: Fisher PM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9226565 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Case Report: Resting-State Brain-Networks After Near-Complete Hemispherectomy in Adulthood.

Fisher Patrick M PM Albrechtsen Simon S SS Nersesjan Vardan V Amiri Moshgan M Kondziella Daniel D

Frontiers in neurology 20220610

<h4>Objectives</h4>Understanding the dynamics of reorganized network-level brain functions after hemispherectomy is important for treatment, prognostication, and rehabilitation of brain injury, but also for investigating questions of fundamental neurobehavioral interest: How does the brain promote consciousness despite loss of one hemisphere?<h4>Methods</h4>We studied resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) in a high-functioning middle-aged man 6 years after functional hemispherectomy follo ...[more]

PMID: 35756916

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Project description:Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra leading to dysfunctional cortico-striato-thalamic-cortical loops. In addition to the characteristic motor symptoms, PD patients often show cognitive impairments, affective changes and other non-motor symptoms, suggesting system-wide effects on brain function. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging and graph-theory based analysis methods to investigate altered whole-brain intrinsic functional connectivity in PD patients (n = 37) compared to healthy controls (n = 20). Global network properties indicated less efficient processing in PD. Analysis of brain network modules pointed to increased connectivity within the sensorimotor network, but decreased interaction of the visual network with other brain modules. We found lower connectivity mainly between the cuneus and the ventral caudate, medial orbitofrontal cortex and the temporal lobe. To identify regions of altered connectivity, we mapped the degree of intrinsic functional connectivity both on ROI- and on voxel-level across the brain. Compared to healthy controls, PD patients showed lower connectedness in the medial and middle orbitofrontal cortex. The degree of connectivity was also decreased in the occipital lobe (cuneus and calcarine), but increased in the superior parietal cortex, posterior cingulate gyrus, supramarginal gyrus and supplementary motor area. Our results on global network and module properties indicated that PD manifests as a disconnection syndrome. This was most apparent in the visual network module. The higher connectedness within the sensorimotor module in PD patients may be related to compensation mechanism in order to overcome the functional deficit of the striato-cortical motor loops or to loss of mutual inhibition between brain networks. Abnormal connectivity in the visual network may be related to adaptation and compensation processes as a consequence of altered motor function. Our analysis approach proved sensitive for detecting disease-related localized effects as well as changes in network functions on intermediate and global scale.

Dataset Information

Case Report: Resting-State Brain-Networks After Near-Complete Hemispherectomy in Adulthood.

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Case Report: Resting-State Brain-Networks After Near-Complete Hemispherectomy in Adulthood.

Similar Datasets

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