Bubble Sign: An Arthroscopic Technical Trick to Differentiate Between Partial- and Full-Thickness Rotator Cuff Tears
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Upadhyay D
PROVIDER: S-EPMC9353585 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jul
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Partial-thickness rotator cuff tears are among the most common challenges faced by orthopaedic surgeons today. The ability to adequately manage these injuries depends on identifying their full extent during arthroscopic evaluation. There are many ways to fully visualize these tears, including arm positioning and gentle debridement. The purpose of this article is to highlight several tips and techniques to enable full visualization of partial-thickness rotator cuff tears to determine appropriate treatment.
| S-EPMC7000315 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The intraoperative recognition of rotator cuff tears continues to be a challenge in some cases, despite clinical suspicion, a physical examination suggesting a rotator cuff tear, and detection on preoperative imaging studies. Intraoperative identification can be elusive in partial tears including intratendinous tears and obscured full-thickness tears. The purpose of this Technical Note, and the associated technique video, is to discuss a visual sign for the detection of various rotator cuff tear pathologies. Derived from the dynamic fluid expansion and contraction of the affected tissues, this indicator is termed the arthroscopic "bellows" sign.
| S-EPMC9134251 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Recent attention has turned toward the prevention of acromiohumeral abutment in the treatment of irreparable rotator cuff tears (IRCTs). This can be achieved through tendon transfer with a bridging allograft, superior capsular reconstruction, dermal allograft application to the greater tuberosity (biologic tuberoplasty), bursal acromial reconstruction, or subacromial balloon spacer placement. Recent literature has demonstrated increased graft thickness is associated with improved clinical outcomes after superior capsular reconstruction, suggesting a potential role of a direct bone-to-bone contact between the greater tuberosity and acromion in symptom generation in patients with IRCTs. In keeping with this ethos and building on the principle of both biologic tuberoplasty and bursal acromial reconstruction, the authors propose biologic acromiotuberoplasty as a treatment for IRCTs wherein a 3-mm dermal allograft is fixated to both the greater tuberosity of the humerus and the undersurface of the acromion for a total of 6 mm of allograft interposition.
| S-EPMC11519873 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Rotator cuff tears are extremely common in the adult population, and medial transtendinous rotator cuff tears, although rare, have recently been reported in the literature. These tears are almost always traumatic, which is a common indication for surgical management. It is necessary to consider these tears as a distinct subset when planning for rotator cuff repair because traditional repair techniques would overtension the tendon, increasing the risk for failure of the repair. The objective of this Technical Note is to describe an arthroscopic repair technique for these tears that avoids overtensioning the rotator cuff while still using repair techniques that are familiar to the arthroscopic shoulder surgeon.
| S-EPMC5765808 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeTo determine whether anterior cable tears could be identified at the time of arthroscopic rotator cuff repair and determine the characteristics of the anterior cable tears identified.MethodsFrom 2016 to 2017 all shoulder arthroscopies had data collected prospectively at the time of surgery, specifically including injury to the capsular and tendon zones of insertion on the greater tuberosity. Anterior cable position and degree of injury and medialization were recorded, as well as complete findings of the diagnostic arthroscopy. The inclusion criterion was primary shoulder arthroscopy. The exclusion criterion was any revision shoulder arthroscopy. All arthroscopic rotator cuff repairs (ARCR) were grouped together and all other nonarthroscopic rotator cuff repair surgeries (non-ARCR) were grouped together.ResultsIn total, 118 shoulder arthroscopies had data collected prospectively at the time of surgery: 90 primary shoulder arthroscopies met the inclusion criteria; 28 were excluded because they were revision surgeries. There were 42 patients in the ARCR group (Group 1). Six of these were partial tears, and 36 were full-thickness tears. There were 48 patients in the non-ARCR group (Group 2). The non-ARCR Group 2 served as an anatomic baseline for ARCR Group 1. In all 90 shoulders, the rotator cable and anterior cable were identified. Group 1 (ARCR) incidence of anterior cable tears with abnormal position was 71.4% compared to 2.1% in group 2 (non-ARCR) (P < .001) Group 1 (ARCR) incidence of anterior cable tears with normal anterior cable position (n = 12) was compared to abnormal anterior cable position (n = 30). Injury to the anterior footprint capsular and tendon zones were compared. Normal anterior cable position correlated with no or low-grade injury to anterior footprint capsular zone. (Nimura zone C1). Abnormal anterior cable displacement graded as moderate (n = 20) and severe (n = 10) were compared for injury to the anterior footprint. Moderate displacement correlated with complete or high grade injury to C1 in 85% and complete injury to R1 in 45% (P < .001 and .049). In severe displacement complete C1 injury was 100%, and complete R1 injury was 100% (P < .001 and .001).ConclusionsAnterior cable tears are universally identified in ARCR. Three patterns of medial displacement severity correlated with injury to a crucial insertion zone (C1) at the anterior footprint. The degree of anterior cable disruption at the anterior footprint and displacement was commonly disproportionately greater than the injury to the supraspinatus.Level of evidenceLevel III, diagnostic study.
| S-EPMC8220606 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Arthroscopic transtendinous techniques for the arthroscopic repair of partial-thickness, articular-surface rotator cuff tears offer the advantage of minimizing the disruption of the patient's remaining rotator cuff tendon fibers. In addition, double-row fixation of full-thickness rotator cuff tears has shown biomechanical advantages. We present a novel method combining these 2 techniques for transtendon, double-row, transosseous-equivalent arthroscopic repair of partial-thickness, articular-surface rotator cuff tears. Direct visualization of the reduction of the retracted articular tendon layer to its insertion on the greater tuberosity is the key to the procedure. Linking the medial-row anchors and using a double-row construct provide a stable repair that allows early shoulder motion to minimize the risk of postoperative stiffness.
| S-EPMC4246408 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Latissimus dorsi (LD) transfer is a reliable treatment option for irreparable posterosuperior (PS) rotator cuff tears in young and active patients that need to recover the range of motion for their daily living activities. The technique starts with an arthroscopic assessment of the tear. The next step is the mini-open stage for muscle release from the subcutaneous layer of the skin, the teres major (TM), the triceps, and the lateral border and inferior angle of the scapula. Later, the scope is used to prepare the footprint (arthroscopy) and for the release and the harvest of the tendon (endoscopy), taking care not to detach the TM and not to damage the radial nerve. A grasper is used to push the LD to its correct path medial to the triceps. After that the same instrument is placed from the anterolateral and the anterior arthroscopic portals toward the mini-open incision to catch the sutures previously loaded on the LD tendon with Krackow stitches. The LD is transferred to the greater tuberosity and is attached with one medial and one lateral knotless anchors. A third point of fixation enables a partial RC repair and ensures a surface of bone to tendon healing.
| S-EPMC9134106 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The comma sign was described as an arthroscopic landmark to identify the torn subscapularis stump to mobilize and repair the tendon in anterosuperior rotator cuff tears. It was hypothesized that it is composed of the humeral attachments of the superior glenohumeral and coracohumeral ligaments. This arthroscopic finding has since become accepted orthopaedic nomenclature pathognomonic for subscapularis tears and a key component of subscapularis tear classification. We propose an alternative theory of the pathoanatomy of the comma sign in anterosuperior rotator cuff tears and present the technique of comma sign-directed repairs of combined subscapularis and supraspinatus lesions. After appropriate releases, tendon-to-tendon repair of the distal-superior aspect of the comma sign to the upper border of the remnant subscapularis results in anatomic re-creation of the intra-articular portion of the torn subscapularis with concomitant reduction of the anterior leading edge of the supraspinatus and reconstitution of the rotator cable complex. A tension-free, single-anchor subscapularis repair is then performed to secure the tendon to the lesser tuberosity. After subscapularis repair, the supraspinatus that was previously retracted to the glenoid rim takes the appearance of a crescent-type tear that is easily approximated to its anatomic insertion.
| S-EPMC4314558 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Massive irreparable rotator cuff tears in young patients are a particular challenge for the orthopaedic surgeon. Surgical treatment options include debridement, partial rotator cuff repair, patch-augmented rotator cuff repair, bridging rotator cuff reconstruction with graft interposition, tendon transfer, and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty. Recently, reconstruction of the superior glenohumeral capsule using a fascia lata autograft has been suggested to reduce superior glenohumeral translation and restore superior stability. Promising clinical results have been reported in 1 case series of 23 patients, indicating that superior capsular reconstruction may be a promising tool to manage massive irreparable rotator cuff tears. This article describes our preferred technique for arthroscopic superior capsule reconstruction.
| S-EPMC4886263 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Several treatment options for chronic, massive rotator cuff tears exist, and they include debridement with possible biceps tenotomy or tenodesis, open or arthroscopic partial repair, muscle or tendon transfer, superior capsule reconstruction, synthetic patch augmentation, and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty. The aim of this technique article is to describe our preferred surgical option for irreparable, massive rotator cuff tears with an irreparable supraspinatus, a reparable infraspinatus, and an intact or reparable subscapularis tendon.
| S-EPMC5368352 | biostudies-literature