Dataset Information

Sex differences in comorbidities and COVID-19 mortality-Report from the real-world data.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The differential effect of comorbidities on COVID-19 severe outcomes by sex has not been fully evaluated.

Objective

To examine the association of major comorbidities and COVID-19 mortality in men and women separately.

Methods

We performed a retrospective cohort analysis using a large electronic health record (EHR) database in the U.S. We included adult patients with a clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 who also had necessary information on demographics and comorbidities from January 1, 2016 to October 31, 2021. We defined comorbidities by the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) using ICD-10 codes at or before the COVID-19 diagnosis. We conducted logistic regressions to compare the risk of death associated with comorbidities stratifying by sex.

Results

A total of 121,342 patients were included in the final analysis. We found significant sex differences in the association between comorbidities and COVID-19 death. Specifically, moderate/severe liver disease, dementia, metastatic solid tumor, and heart failure and the increased number of comorbidities appeared to confer a greater magnitude of mortality risk in women compared to men.

Conclusions

Our study suggests sex differences in the effect of comorbidities on COVID-19 mortality and highlights the importance of implementing sex-specific preventive or treatment approaches in patients with COVID-19.

SUBMITTER: Yoshida Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9412184 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Sex differences in comorbidities and COVID-19 mortality-Report from the real-world data.

Yoshida Yilin Y Wang Jia J Zu Yuanhao Y

Frontiers in public health 20220812

<h4>Background</h4>The differential effect of comorbidities on COVID-19 severe outcomes by sex has not been fully evaluated.<h4>Objective</h4>To examine the association of major comorbidities and COVID-19 mortality in men and women separately.<h4>Methods</h4>We performed a retrospective cohort analysis using a large electronic health record (EHR) database in the U.S. We included adult patients with a clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 who also had necessary information on demographics and comorbidit ...[more]

PMID: 36033801

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Project description:BackgroundLife expectancy is significantly shorter for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) than the general population. Concurrent diseases are known to infer an increased mortality risk in those with COPD, but the effects of pharmacological treatments on survival are less established. This study aimed to examine any associations between commonly used drugs, comorbidities and mortality in Swedish real-world primary care COPD patients.MethodsPatients with physician-diagnosed COPD from a large primary care population were observed retrospectively, utilizing primary care records and mandatory Swedish national registers. The time to all-cause death was assessed in a stepwise multiple Cox proportional hazards regression model including demography, socioeconomic factors, exacerbations, comorbidities and medication.ResultsDuring the observation period (1999-2009) 5776 (32.5%) of 17,745 included COPD patients died. Heart failure (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.88, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.74-2.04), stroke (HR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.40-1.64) and myocardial infarction (HR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.24-1.58) were associated with an increased risk of death. Use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS; HR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.66-0.94), beta-blockers (HR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.76-0.97) and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA; HR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.77-0.98) was dose-dependently associated with a decreased risk of death, whereas use of long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA; HR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.14-1.55) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC; HR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.08-1.48) were dose-dependently associated with an increased risk of death in COPD patients.ConclusionThis large, retrospective, observational study of Swedish real-world primary care COPD patients indicates that coexisting heart failure, stroke and myocardial infarction were the strongest predictors of death, underscoring the importance of timely recognition and treatment of comorbidities. A decreased risk of death associated with the use of ICS, beta-blockers and ASA, and an increased risk associated with the use of LAMA and NAC, was also found.

Dataset Information

Sex differences in comorbidities and COVID-19 mortality-Report from the real-world data.

Background

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Sex differences in comorbidities and COVID-19 mortality-Report from the real-world data.

Similar Datasets

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