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Industrialization's eye view on theranostic nanomedicine.

ABSTRACT: The emergence of nanomedicines (NMs) in the healthcare industry will bring about groundbreaking improvements to the current therapeutic and diagnostic scenario. However, only a few NMs have been developed into clinical applications due to a lack of regulatory experience with them. In this article, we introduce the types of NM that have the potential for clinical translation, including theranostics, multistep NMs, multitherapy NMs, and nanoclusters. We then present the clinical translational challenges associated with NM from the pharmaceutical industry's perspective, such as NMs' intrinsic physiochemical properties, safety, scale-up, lack of regulatory experience and standard characterization methods, and cost-effectiveness compared with their traditional counterparts. Overall, NMs face a difficult task to overcome these challenges for their transition from bench to clinical use.

SUBMITTER: Sivasubramanian M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9437266 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Industrialization's eye view on theranostic nanomedicine.

Sivasubramanian Maharajan M Lin Li-Jie LJ Wang Yu-Chao YC Yang Chung-Shi CS Lo Leu-Wei LW

Frontiers in chemistry 20220819

The emergence of nanomedicines (NMs) in the healthcare industry will bring about groundbreaking improvements to the current therapeutic and diagnostic scenario. However, only a few NMs have been developed into clinical applications due to a lack of regulatory experience with them. In this article, we introduce the types of NM that have the potential for clinical translation, including theranostics, multistep NMs, multitherapy NMs, and nanoclusters. We then present the clinical translational chal ...[more]

PMID: 36059870

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Project description:Fluorescence image-guided surgery combined with intraoperative therapeutic modalities has great potential for intraoperative detection of oncologic targets and eradication of unresectable cancer residues. Therefore, we have developed an activatable theranostic nanoplatform that can be used concurrently for two purposes: (1) tumor delineation with real-time near infrared (NIR) fluorescence signal during surgery, and (2) intraoperative targeted treatment to further eliminate unresected disease sites by non-toxic phototherapy. Methods: The developed nanoplatform is based on a single agent, silicon naphthalocyanine (SiNc), encapsulated in biodegradable PEG-PCL (poly (ethylene glycol)-b-poly(ɛ-caprolactone)) nanoparticles. It is engineered to be non-fluorescent initially via dense SiNc packing within the nanoparticle's hydrophobic core, with NIR fluorescence activation after accumulation at the tumor site. The activatable nanoplatform was evaluated in vitro and in two different murine cancer models, including an ovarian intraperitoneal metastasis-mimicking model. Furthermore, fluorescence image-guided surgery mediated by this nanoplatform was performed on the employed animal models using a Fluobeam® 800 imaging system. Finally, the phototherapeutic efficacy of the developed nanoplatform was demonstrated in vivo. Results: Our in vitro data suggest that the intracellular environment of cancer cells is capable of compromising the integrity of self-assembled nanoparticles and thus causes disruption of the tight dye packing inside the hydrophobic cores and activation of the NIR fluorescence. Animal studies demonstrated accumulation of activatable nanoparticles at the tumor site following systemic administration, as well as release and fluorescence recovery of SiNc from the polymeric carrier. It was also validated that the developed nanoparticles are compatible with the intraoperative imaging system Fluobeam® 800, and nanoparticle-mediated image-guided surgery provides successful resection of cancer tumors. Finally, in vivo studies revealed that combinatorial phototherapy mediated by the nanoparticles could efficiently eradicate chemoresistant ovarian cancer tumors. Conclusion: The revealed properties of the activatable nanoplatform make it highly promising for further application in clinical image-guided surgery and combined phototherapy, facilitating a potential translation to clinical studies.

Dataset Information

Industrialization's eye view on theranostic nanomedicine.

Publications

Industrialization's eye view on theranostic nanomedicine.

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