Dataset Information

Time of Dietary Energy and Nutrient Intake and Body Mass Index in Children: Compositional Data Analysis from the Childhood Obesity Project (CHOP) Trial.

ABSTRACT: Meal timing is suggested to influence the obesity risk in children. Our aim was to analyse the effect of energy and nutrient distributions at eating occasions (EO), including breakfast, lunch, supper, and snacks, on the BMI z-score (zBMI) during childhood in 729 healthy children. BMI and three-day dietary protocols were obtained at 3, 4, 5, 6, and 8 years of age, and dietary data were analysed as the percentage of the mean total energy intake (TEI; %E). Intakes at EOs were transformed via an isometric log-ratio transformation and added as exposure variables to linear mixed-effects models. Stratified analyses by country and recategorization of EOs by adding intake from snacks to respective meals for further analyses were performed. The exclusion of subjects with less than three observations and the exclusion of subjects who skipped one EO or consumed 5% energy or less at one EO were examined in sensitivity analyses. Around 23% of the children were overweight at a given time point. Overweight and normal-weight children showed different distributions of dietary intakes over the day; overweight children consumed higher intakes at lunch and lower intakes of snacks. However, no significant effects of timing of EOs on zBMI were found in regression analyses.

SUBMITTER: Jaeger V

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9610148 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Time of Dietary Energy and Nutrient Intake and Body Mass Index in Children: Compositional Data Analysis from the Childhood Obesity Project (CHOP) Trial.

Jaeger Vanessa V Koletzko Berthold B Luque Veronica V Gispert-Llauradó Mariona M Gruszfeld Dariusz D Socha Piotr P Verduci Elvira E Zuccotti Gian Vincenzo GV Etienne Louise L Grote Veit V

Nutrients 20221018 20

Meal timing is suggested to influence the obesity risk in children. Our aim was to analyse the effect of energy and nutrient distributions at eating occasions (EO), including breakfast, lunch, supper, and snacks, on the BMI z-score (zBMI) during childhood in 729 healthy children. BMI and three-day dietary protocols were obtained at 3, 4, 5, 6, and 8 years of age, and dietary data were analysed as the percentage of the mean total energy intake (TEI; %E). Intakes at EOs were transformed via an iso ...[more]

PMID: 36297040

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Project description:IntroductionAssociation between parent's Body Mass Index (BMI) and their children, has been widely documented. Individual, familiar and structural factors play a role in this relation. We analyzed the association between maternal BMI change during the first year post-partum and their offspring's growth-trajectories and energy intake in their first five years of life.ObjectiveCompare growth-trajectories and children's caloric intake according to post-partum mother´s BMI classification.MethodsThe anthropometric assessment was taken in 935 mother-child pairs along the study period. Mothers were classified into four groups according to their BMI-trajectories in the post-partum. Children's weight for height z-scores (WHZ) was compared among groups using random-effects regression models. A longitudinal comparison of children's caloric intake by the maternal group was carried out.ResultsAt 42 months of age, infants from mothers that remained overweight during the first year post-partum had, on average, 0.61 SD higher WHZ than those from mothers who remained in a recommended BMI group (R-BMI) in the same period. At 60 months of age, children´s prevalence of obesity was almost twice in the maternal overweight group vs R-BMI group (14.2% and 7.3% respectively). Chances for a child of having an over caloric intake were 36.5% (95% IC: 6.6%, 74.8%) and significantly higher among children from overweight mothers than those from R-BMI mothers. The difference in children's WHZ trajectory remained significant after adjusting for caloric intake, suggesting that contextual factors play a role in shaping children's obesity. A concurrent ethnographic study with the study subjects provides suggestions as to what these factors might be, including changes in the food landscape.ConclusionChildren from overweight mothers tended to have a more caloric diet yielding a higher propensity to obesity. Contextual factors such as food landscape might contribute to childhood obesity beyond having an overweight mother. Pregnancy and post-partum is a window of opportunity for interventions to decrease the incidence of children's overweight.

Project description:BackgroundBoth fresh and processed foods are available in the modern food environment where taste can signal presence of nutrients. However, whether these taste-nutrient relationships are maintained across different degrees of food processing is not well understood, and less is known about the relative contribution of different taste qualities to population energy intakes.ObjectivesTo investigate the association between perceived intensity of 6 taste modalities and a food's nutrient content in the context of food processing and to further examine the relative contribution of different taste clusters to total energy intakes, stratified by weight status.MethodsDiet and lifestyle data from the Singapore Multi-Ethnic Cohort Phase 2 (N = 7011; aged 21-75 y) were collected through interviewer-administrated questionnaires. Taste and nutrient profiles for each of the 269 Singaporean foods were derived using a published taste database and food composition table. Each food was then categorized into the NOVA food-processing classification (unprocessed, processed, ultra-processed) to compare the strength of taste-nutrient relationships. Multivariable-adjusted models were used to examine associations between relative consumption of foods from different taste clusters and processing categories, energy intake, and BMI (in kg/m2) within a population cohort.ResultsSweet taste and mono- and disaccharide content of foods were significantly associated across all processing categories, although this association was weaker among ultra-processed foods (UPFs) (r = 0.42) than among unprocessed foods (r = 0.72). In contrast, associations between fat sensation and fat content (r = 0.74), as well as salt taste and sodium content (r = 0.84), were stronger for UPFs. Individuals who had higher energy intakes or were overweight (BMI >23) derived significantly greater percentage of energy from processed foods rather than UPFs, and this energy was higher from "savory-fatty" and lower from "neutral" tasting foods than those with lower energy intakes and normal weight (all P < 0.001). Eighty percent of individuals' dietary energy was from both "savory-fatty" and "neutral" foods, independent of differences in total energy intake and weight status.ConclusionsTaste-nutrient relationships are maintained across different degrees of food processing. Greater consumption of foods that have a high "savory-fatty" taste was associated with increased energy intakes and overweight in the Asian population.

Project description:BackgroundTechnology-assisted 24-h dietary recalls (24HRs) have been widely adopted in population nutrition surveillance. Evaluations of 24HRs inform improvements, but direct comparisons of 24HR methods for accuracy in reference to a measure of true intake are rarely undertaken in a single study population.ObjectivesTo compare the accuracy of energy and nutrient intake estimation of 4 technology-assisted dietary assessment methods relative to true intake across breakfast, lunch, and dinner.MethodsIn a controlled feeding study with a crossover design, 152 participants [55% women; mean age 32 y, standard deviation (SD) 11; mean body mass index 26 kg/m2, SD 5] were randomized to 1 of 3 separate feeding days to consume breakfast, lunch, and dinner, with unobtrusive weighing of foods and beverages consumed. Participants undertook a 24HR the following day [Automated Self-Administered Dietary Assessment Tool-Australia (ASA24); Intake24-Australia; mobile Food Record-Trained Analyst (mFR-TA); or Image-Assisted Interviewer-Administered 24-hour recall (IA-24HR)]. When assigned to IA-24HR, participants referred to images captured of their meals using the mobile Food Record (mFR) app. True and estimated energy and nutrient intakes were compared, and differences among methods were assessed using linear mixed models.ResultsThe mean difference between true and estimated energy intake as a percentage of true intake was 5.4% (95% CI: 0.6, 10.2%) using ASA24, 1.7% (95% CI: -2.9, 6.3%) using Intake24, 1.3% (95% CI: -1.1, 3.8%) using mFR-TA, and 15.0% (95% CI: 11.6, 18.3%) using IA-24HR. The variances of estimated and true energy intakes were statistically significantly different for all methods (P < 0.01) except Intake24 (P = 0.1). Differential accuracy in nutrient estimation was present among the methods.ConclusionsUnder controlled conditions, Intake24, ASA24, and mFR-TA estimated average energy and nutrient intakes with reasonable validity, but intake distributions were estimated accurately by Intake24 only (energy and protein). This study may inform considerations regarding instruments of choice in future population surveillance. This trial was registered at Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry as ACTRN12621000209897.

Dataset Information

Time of Dietary Energy and Nutrient Intake and Body Mass Index in Children: Compositional Data Analysis from the Childhood Obesity Project (CHOP) Trial.

Publications

Time of Dietary Energy and Nutrient Intake and Body Mass Index in Children: Compositional Data Analysis from the Childhood Obesity Project (CHOP) Trial.

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