Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

0 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Saccades are locked to the phase of alpha oscillations during natural reading.

ABSTRACT: We saccade 3 to 5 times per second when reading. However, little is known about the neuronal mechanisms coordinating the oculomotor and visual systems during such rapid processing. Here, we ask if brain oscillations play a role in the temporal coordination of the visuomotor integration. We simultaneously acquired MEG and eye-tracking data while participants read sentences silently. Every sentence was embedded with a target word of either high or low lexical frequency. Our key finding demonstrated that saccade onsets were locked to the phase of alpha oscillations (8 to 13 Hz), and in particular, for saccades towards low frequency words. Source modelling demonstrated that the alpha oscillations to which the saccades were locked, were generated in the right-visual motor cortex (BA 7). Our findings suggest that the alpha oscillations serve to time the processing between the oculomotor and visual systems during natural reading, and that this coordination becomes more pronounced for demanding words.

SUBMITTER: Pan Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9882905 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Publications

Saccades are locked to the phase of alpha oscillations during natural reading.

Pan Yali Y Popov Tzvetan T Frisson Steven S Jensen Ole O

PLoS biology 20230117 1

We saccade 3 to 5 times per second when reading. However, little is known about the neuronal mechanisms coordinating the oculomotor and visual systems during such rapid processing. Here, we ask if brain oscillations play a role in the temporal coordination of the visuomotor integration. We simultaneously acquired MEG and eye-tracking data while participants read sentences silently. Every sentence was embedded with a target word of either high or low lexical frequency. Our key finding demonstrate ...[more]

PMID: 36649331

Similar Datasets

Saccades are phase-locked to alpha oscillations in the occipital and medial temporal lobe during successful memory encoding.

Project description:Efficient sampling of visual information requires a coordination of eye movements and ongoing brain oscillations. Using intracranial and magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings, we show that saccades are locked to the phase of visual alpha oscillations and that this coordination is related to successful mnemonic encoding of visual scenes. Furthermore, parahippocampal and retrosplenial cortex involvement in this coordination reflects effective vision-to-memory mapping, highlighting the importance of neural oscillations for the interaction between visual and memory domains.

| S-EPMC5766246 | biostudies-literature

Formation of visual memories controlled by gamma power phase-locked to alpha oscillations.

Project description:Neuronal oscillations provide a window for understanding the brain dynamics that organize the flow of information from sensory to memory areas. While it has been suggested that gamma power reflects feedforward processing and alpha oscillations feedback control, it remains unknown how these oscillations dynamically interact. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) data was acquired from healthy subjects who were cued to either remember or not remember presented pictures. Our analysis revealed that in anticipation of a picture to be remembered, alpha power decreased while the cross-frequency coupling between gamma power and alpha phase increased. A measure of directionality between alpha phase and gamma power predicted individual ability to encode memory: stronger control of alpha phase over gamma power was associated with better memory. These findings demonstrate that encoding of visual information is reflected by a state determined by the interaction between alpha and gamma activity.

| S-EPMC4910116 | biostudies-literature

Phase-Locked Stimulation during Cortical Beta Oscillations Produces Bidirectional Synaptic Plasticity in Awake Monkeys.

Project description:The functional role of cortical beta oscillations, if any, remains unresolved. During oscillations, the periodic fluctuation in excitability of entrained cells modulates transmission of neural impulses and periodically enhances synaptic interactions. The extent to which oscillatory episodes affect activity-dependent synaptic plasticity remains to be determined. In nonhuman primates, we delivered single-pulse electrical cortical stimulation to a "stimulated" site in sensorimotor cortex triggered on a specific phase of ongoing beta (12-25 Hz) field potential oscillations recorded at a separate "triggering" site. Corticocortical connectivity from the stimulated to the triggering site as well as to other (non-triggering) sites was assessed by cortically evoked potentials elicited by test stimuli to the stimulated site, delivered outside of oscillatory episodes. In separate experiments, connectivity was assessed by intracellular recordings of evoked excitatory postsynaptic potentials. The conditioning paradigm produced transient (1-2 s long) changes in connectivity between the stimulated and the triggering site that outlasted the duration of the oscillatory episodes. The direction of the plasticity effect depended on the phase from which stimulation was triggered: potentiation in depolarizing phases, depression in hyperpolarizing phases. Plasticity effects were also seen at non-triggering sites that exhibited oscillations synchronized with those at the triggering site. These findings indicate that cortical beta oscillations provide a spatial and temporal substrate for short-term, activity-dependent synaptic plasticity in primate neocortex and may help explain the role of oscillations in attention, learning, and cortical reorganization.

| S-EPMC6108550 | biostudies-literature

Multimodal determinants of phase-locked dynamics across deep-superficial hippocampal sublayers during theta oscillations.

Project description:Theta oscillations play a major role in temporarily defining the hippocampal rate code by translating behavioral sequences into neuronal representations. However, mechanisms constraining phase timing and cell-type-specific phase preference are unknown. Here, we employ computational models tuned with evolutionary algorithms to evaluate phase preference of individual CA1 pyramidal cells recorded in mice and rats not engaged in any particular memory task. We applied unbiased and hypothesis-free approaches to identify effects of intrinsic and synaptic factors, as well as cell morphology, in determining phase preference. We found that perisomatic inhibition delivered by complementary populations of basket cells interacts with input pathways to shape phase-locked specificity of deep and superficial pyramidal cells. Somatodendritic integration of fluctuating glutamatergic inputs defined cycle-by-cycle by unsupervised methods demonstrated that firing selection is tuneable across sublayers. Our data identify different mechanisms of phase-locking selectivity that are instrumental for flexible dynamical representations of theta sequences.

| S-EPMC7200700 | biostudies-literature

Reading between eye saccades.

Project description:BackgroundSkilled adult readers, in contrast to beginners, show no or little increase in reading latencies as a function of the number of letters in words up to seven letters. The information extraction strategy underlying such efficiency in word identification is still largely unknown, and methods that allow tracking of the letter information extraction through time between eye saccades are needed to fully address this question.Methodology/principal findingsThe present study examined the use of letter information during reading, by means of the Bubbles technique. Ten participants each read 5,000 five-letter French words sampled in space-time within a 200 ms window. On the temporal dimension, our results show that two moments are especially important during the information extraction process. On the spatial dimension, we found a bias for the upper half of words. We also show for the first time that letter positions four, one, and three are particularly important for the identification of five-letter words.Conclusions/significanceOur findings are consistent with either a partially parallel reading strategy or an optimal serial reading strategy. We show using computer simulations that this serial reading strategy predicts an absence of a word-length effect for words from four- to seven letters in length. We believe that the Bubbles technique will play an important role in further examining the nature of reading between eye saccades.

| S-EPMC2714180 | biostudies-literature

High gamma power is phase-locked to theta oscillations in human neocortex.

Project description:We observed robust coupling between the high- and low-frequency bands of ongoing electrical activity in the human brain. In particular, the phase of the low-frequency theta (4 to 8 hertz) rhythm modulates power in the high gamma (80 to 150 hertz) band of the electrocorticogram, with stronger modulation occurring at higher theta amplitudes. Furthermore, different behavioral tasks evoke distinct patterns of theta/high gamma coupling across the cortex. The results indicate that transient coupling between low- and high-frequency brain rhythms coordinates activity in distributed cortical areas, providing a mechanism for effective communication during cognitive processing in humans.

| S-EPMC2628289 | biostudies-literature

Assessing Epileptogenicity Using Phase-Locked High Frequency Oscillations: A Systematic Comparison of Methods.

Project description:High frequency oscillations (HFOs) are traditional biomarkers to identify the epileptogenic tissue during presurgical evaluation in pharmacoresistant epileptic patients. Recently, the resection of brain tissue exhibiting coupling between the amplitude of HFOs and the phase of low frequencies demonstrated a more favorable surgical outcome. Here we compare the predictive value of ictal HFOs and four methods for quantifying the ictal phase-amplitude coupling, namely mean vector length, phase-locked high gamma, phase locking value, and modulation index (MI). We analyzed 32 seizures from 16 patients to identify the channels that exhibit HFOs and phase-locked HFOs during seizures. We compared the resection ratio, defined as the percentage of channels exhibiting coupling located in the resected tissue, with the postsurgical outcome. We found that the MI is the only method to show a significant difference between the resection ratios of patients with good and poor outcomes. We further show that the whole seizure, not only the onset, is critical to assess epileptogenicity using the phase-locked HFOs. We postulate that the superiority of MI stems from its capacity to assess coupling of discrete HFO events and its independence from the HFO power. These results confirm that quantitative analysis of HFOs can boost presurgical evaluation and indicate the paramount importance of algorithm selection for clinical applications.

| S-EPMC6842969 | biostudies-literature

Visual processing during natural reading.

Project description:Reading is a unique human ability that plays a pivotal role in the development and functioning of our modern society. However, its neural basis remains poorly understood since previous research was focused on reading words with fixed gaze. Here we developed a methodological framework for single-trial analysis of fixation onset-related EEG activity (FOREA) that enabled us to investigate visual information processing during natural reading. To reveal the effect of reading skills on orthographic processing during natural reading, we measured how altering the configural properties of the written text by modifying inter-letter spacing affects FOREA. We found that orthographic processing is reflected in FOREA in three consecutive time windows (120-175 ms, 230-265 ms, 345-380 ms after fixation onset) and the magnitude of FOREA effects in the two later time intervals showed a close association with the participants' reading speed: FOREA effects were larger in fast than in slow readers. Furthermore, these expertise-driven configural effects were clearly dissociable from the FOREA signatures of visual perceptual processes engaged to handle the increased crowding (155-220 ms) as a result of decreasing letter spacing. Our findings revealed that with increased reading skills orthographic processing becomes more sensitive to the configural properties of the written text.

| S-EPMC4882504 | biostudies-literature

Gamma power is phase-locked to posterior alpha activity.

Project description:Neuronal oscillations in various frequency bands have been reported in numerous studies in both humans and animals. While it is obvious that these oscillations play an important role in cognitive processing, it remains unclear how oscillations in various frequency bands interact. In this study we have investigated phase to power locking in MEG activity of healthy human subjects at rest with their eyes closed. To examine cross-frequency coupling, we have computed coherence between the time course of the power in a given frequency band and the signal itself within every channel. The time-course of the power was calculated using a sliding tapered time window followed by a Fourier transform. Our findings show that high-frequency gamma power (30-70 Hz) is phase-locked to alpha oscillations (8-13 Hz) in the ongoing MEG signals. The topography of the coupling was similar to the topography of the alpha power and was strongest over occipital areas. Interestingly, gamma activity per se was not evident in the power spectra and only became detectable when studied in relation to the alpha phase. Intracranial data from an epileptic subject confirmed these findings albeit there was slowing in both the alpha and gamma band. A tentative explanation for this phenomenon is that the visual system is inhibited during most of the alpha cycle whereas a burst of gamma activity at a specific alpha phase (e.g. at troughs) reflects a window of excitability.

| S-EPMC2602598 | biostudies-literature

Pancreatic α and β cells are globally phase-locked.

Project description:The Ca2+ modulated pulsatile glucagon and insulin secretions by pancreatic α and β cells play a crucial role in glucose homeostasis. However, how α and β cells coordinate to produce various Ca2+ oscillation patterns is still elusive. Using a microfluidic device and transgenic mice, we recorded Ca2+ signals from islet α and β cells, and observed heterogeneous Ca2+ oscillation patterns intrinsic to each islet. After a brief period of glucose stimulation, α and β cells' oscillations were globally phase-locked. While the activation of α cells displayed a fixed time delay of ~20 s to that of β cells, β cells activated with a tunable period. Moreover, islet α cell number correlated with oscillation frequency. We built a mathematical model of islet Ca2+ oscillation incorporating paracrine interactions, which quantitatively agreed with the experimental data. Our study highlights the importance of cell-cell interaction in generating stable but tunable islet oscillation patterns.

| S-EPMC9240067 | biostudies-literature

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

Tweets

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data