Dataset Information

FALCON systematically interrogates free fatty acid biology and identifies a novel mediator of lipotoxicity.

ABSTRACT: Cellular exposure to free fatty acids (FFA) is implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity-associated diseases. However, studies to date have assumed that a few select FFAs are representative of broad structural categories, and there are no scalable approaches to comprehensively assess the biological processes induced by exposure to diverse FFAs circulating in human plasma. Furthermore, assessing how these FFA- mediated processes interact with genetic risk for disease remains elusive. Here we report the design and implementation of FALCON (Fatty Acid Library for Comprehensive ONtologies) as an unbiased, scalable and multimodal interrogation of 61 structurally diverse FFAs. We identified a subset of lipotoxic monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) with a distinct lipidomic profile associated with decreased membrane fluidity. Furthermore, we developed a new approach to prioritize genes that reflect the combined effects of exposure to harmful FFAs and genetic risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Importantly, we found that c-MAF inducing protein (CMIP) protects cells from exposure to FFAs by modulating Akt signaling and we validated the role of CMIP in human pancreatic beta cells. In sum, FALCON empowers the study of fundamental FFA biology and offers an integrative approach to identify much needed targets for diverse diseases associated with disordered FFA metabolism.

Highlights

FALCON (Fatty Acid Library for Comprehensive ONtologies) enables multimodal profiling of 61 free fatty acids (FFAs) to reveal 5 FFA clusters with distinct biological effectsFALCON is applicable to many and diverse cell typesA subset of monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs) equally or more toxic than canonical lipotoxic saturated FAs (SFAs) leads to decreased membrane fluidityNew approach prioritizes genes that represent the combined effects of environmental (FFA) exposure and genetic risk for diseaseC-Maf inducing protein (CMIP) is identified as a suppressor of FFA-induced lipotoxicity via Akt-mediated signaling.

SUBMITTER: Wieder N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9979987 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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FALCON systematically interrogates free fatty acid biology and identifies a novel mediator of lipotoxicity.

Wieder Nicolas N Fried Juliana Coraor JC Kim Choah C Sidhom Eriene-Heidi EH Brown Matthew R MR Marshall Jamie L JL Arevalo Carlos C Dvela-Levitt Moran M Kost-Alimova Maria M Sieber Jonas J Gabriel Katlyn R KR Pacheco Julian J Clish Clary C Abbasi Hamdah Shafqat HS Singh Shantanu S Rutter Justine J Therrien Martine M Yoon Haejin H Lai Zon Weng ZW Baublis Aaron A Subramanian Renuka R Devkota Ranjan R Small Jonnell J Sreekanth Vedagopuram V Han Myeonghoon M Lim Donghyun D Carpenter Anne E AE Flannick Jason J Finucane Hilary H Haigis Marcia C MC Claussnitzer Melina M Sheu Eric E Stevens Beth B Wagner Bridget K BK Choudhary Amit A Shaw Jillian L JL Pablo Juan Lorenzo JL Greka Anna A

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 20230220

Cellular exposure to free fatty acids (FFA) is implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity-associated diseases. However, studies to date have assumed that a few select FFAs are representative of broad structural categories, and there are no scalable approaches to comprehensively assess the biological processes induced by exposure to diverse FFAs circulating in human plasma. Furthermore, assessing how these FFA- mediated processes interact with genetic risk for disease remains elusive. Here we repo ...[more]

PMID: 36865221

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Project description:Choline is an essential nutrient and a critical component of the membrane phospholipid phosphatidylcholine (PC), the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, while also contributing to the methylation pathway. In the liver specifically, PC is the major membrane constituent and can be synthesized by the cytidine diphosphate-choline or the phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase pathway. With the continuing global rise in the rates of obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, we sought to explore how excess fatty acids on primary hepatocytes and diet-induced obesity affect choline uptake and metabolism. Our results demonstrate that hepatocytes chronically treated with palmitate, but not oleate or a mixture, had decreased choline uptake, which was associated with lower choline incorporation into PC and lower expression of choline transport proteins. Interestingly, a reduction in the rate of degradation spared PC levels in response to palmitate when compared with control. The effects of palmitate treatment were independent of endoplasmic reticulum stress, which counterintuitively augmented choline transport and transporter expression. In a model of obesity-induced hepatic steatosis, male mice fed a 60% high-fat diet for 10 weeks had significantly diminished hepatic choline uptake compared with lean mice fed a control diet. Although the transcript and protein expression of various choline metabolic enzymes fluctuated slightly, we observed reduced protein expression of choline transporter-like 1 (CTL1) in the liver of mice fed a high-fat diet. Polysome profile analyses revealed that in livers of obese mice, the CTL1 transcript, despite being more abundant, was translated to a lesser extent compared with lean controls. Finally, human liver cells demonstrated a similar response to palmitate treatment. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the altered fatty acid milieu seen in obesity-induced fatty liver disease progression may adversely affect choline metabolism, potentially through CTL1, but that compensatory mechanisms work to maintain phospholipid homeostasis.

Dataset Information

FALCON systematically interrogates free fatty acid biology and identifies a novel mediator of lipotoxicity.

Highlights

Publications

FALCON systematically interrogates free fatty acid biology and identifies a novel mediator of lipotoxicity.

Similar Datasets

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