Presence in a plant of a compound similar to the dolichyl diphosphate oligosaccharide of animal tissue.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Staneloni RJ
PROVIDER: S-EPMC1162206 | biostudies-other | 1980 Oct
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
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Project description:The synthesis of dolichyl diphosphate oligosaccharide was studied by incubating rat liver microsomes (microsomal fractions) with GDP-[14C]mannose, UDP-glucose, UDP-N-acetylglucosamine and [3H]dolichol phosphate. The labelled products obtained by the first step of extraction of the microsomes in methanolic aqueous phase (MAP fraction in chloroform/methanol/water; 3:2:1, by vol.) and in CMW fraction (chloroform/methanol/water; 10:10:3, by vol.) obtained by extraction of the interphase after the first step of extraction were analysed on a DEAE-cellulose column. With the progress of incubation, the radioactivity in unchanged GDP-mannose decreased, whereas the labelled dol-P-P-oligo in the MAP fraction increased about 5-6-fold. The lipid oligosaccharide in this fraction accounted for about 50-60% of the GDP-mannose used, whereas the recovery of the labelled lipid oligosaccharide in the CMW fraction was about 10%. The lipid oligosaccharide from both reactions after mild acid hydrolysis were analysed by gel filtration on Bio-Gel P-4. The oligosaccharide from the MAP fraction gave a peak of higher Mr distinctly separate from the lower-Mr peak obtained from the CMW fraction. Microsomes incubated with labelled lipid oligosaccharide from the MAP fraction showed incorporation of the label into endogenous protein.
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Project description:Transbilayer movement, or flip-flop, of lipids across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is required for membrane biogenesis, protein glycosylation, and GPI anchoring. Specific ER membrane proteins, flippases, are proposed to facilitate lipid flip-flop, but no ER flippase has been biochemically identified. The glycolipid Glc 3Man 9GlcNAc 2-PP-dolichol is the oligosaccharide donor for protein N-glycosylation reactions in the ER lumen. Synthesis of Glc 3Man 9GlcNAc 2-PP-dolichol is initiated on the cytoplasmic side of the ER and completed on the lumenal side, requiring flipping of the intermediate Man 5GlcNAc 2-PP-dolichol (M5-DLO) across the ER. Here we report the reconstitution of M5-DLO flipping in proteoliposomes generated from Triton X-100-extracted Saccharomyces cerevisiae microsomal proteins. Flipping was assayed by using the lectin Concanavalin A to capture M5-DLOs that had been translocated from the inner to the outer leaflet of the vesicles. M5-DLO flipping in the reconstituted system was ATP-independent and trypsin-sensitive and required a membrane protein(s) that sedimented at approximately 4 S. Man 7GlcNAc 2-PP-dolichol, a higher-order lipid intermediate, was flipped >10-fold more slowly than M5-DLO at 25 degrees C. Chromatography on Cibacron Blue dye resin enriched M5-DLO flippase activity approximately 5-fold and resolved it from both the ER glycerophospholipid flippase activity and the genetically identified flippase candidate Rft1 [Helenius, J., et al. (2002) Nature 415, 447-450]. The latter result indicates that Rft1 is not the M5-DLO flippase. Our data (i) demonstrate that the ER has at least two distinct flippase proteins, each specifically capable of translocating a class of phospholipid, and (ii) provide, for the first time, a biochemical means of identifying the M5-DLO flippase.
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