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Microwave-Accelerated and Metal-Enhanced Fluorescence Myoglobin Detection on Silvered Surfaces: Potential Application to Myocardial Infarction Diagnosis.

ABSTRACT: In this short paper, we describe a novel approach to both significantly accelerate and optically amplify fluorescence-based immunoassays. Our approach utilizes metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF) to intrinsically optically amplify fluorescence signatures, which, when combined with the use of low-power microwaves to kinetically accelerate assays, provides for both ultrafast and ultrabright immunoassays. Surprisingly, the use of low-power microwaves and silver nanostructures provides for localized heating, concentrating the effect to the particles themselves as compared to the generic heating of the high dielectric assay fluid. We have subsequently applied our microwave-accelerated MEF approach to the detection of myoglobin, where its rapid quantification is paramount for the clinical assessment of an acute myocardial infarction.

SUBMITTER: Aslan K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2678713 | biostudies-other | 2006 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Project description:BackgroundIn suspected myocardial infarction (MI), guidelines recommend using high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn)-based approaches. These require fixed assay-specific thresholds and timepoints, without directly integrating clinical information. Using machine-learning techniques including hs-cTn and clinical routine variables, we aimed to build a digital tool to directly estimate the individual probability of MI, allowing for numerous hs-cTn assays.MethodsIn 2,575 patients presenting to the emergency department with suspected MI, two ensembles of machine-learning models using single or serial concentrations of six different hs-cTn assays were derived to estimate the individual MI probability (ARTEMIS model). Discriminative performance of the models was assessed using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and logLoss. Model performance was validated in an external cohort with 1688 patients and tested for global generalizability in 13 international cohorts with 23,411 patients.ResultsEleven routinely available variables including age, sex, cardiovascular risk factors, electrocardiography, and hs-cTn were included in the ARTEMIS models. In the validation and generalization cohorts, excellent discriminative performance was confirmed, superior to hs-cTn only. For the serial hs-cTn measurement model, AUC ranged from 0.92 to 0.98. Good calibration was observed. Using a single hs-cTn measurement, the ARTEMIS model allowed direct rule-out of MI with very high and similar safety but up to tripled efficiency compared to the guideline-recommended strategy.ConclusionWe developed and validated diagnostic models to accurately estimate the individual probability of MI, which allow for variable hs-cTn use and flexible timing of resampling. Their digital application may provide rapid, safe and efficient personalized patient care.Trial registration numbersData of following cohorts were used for this project: BACC ( www.Clinicaltrialsgov ; NCT02355457), stenoCardia ( www.Clinicaltrialsgov ; NCT03227159), ADAPT-BSN ( www.australianclinicaltrials.gov.au ; ACTRN12611001069943), IMPACT ( www.australianclinicaltrials.gov.au , ACTRN12611000206921), ADAPT-RCT ( www.anzctr.org.au ; ANZCTR12610000766011), EDACS-RCT ( www.anzctr.org.au ; ANZCTR12613000745741); DROP-ACS ( https://www.umin.ac.jp , UMIN000030668); High-STEACS ( www.Clinicaltrialsgov ; NCT01852123), LUND ( www.Clinicaltrialsgov ; NCT05484544), RAPID-CPU ( www.Clinicaltrialsgov ; NCT03111862), ROMI ( www.Clinicaltrialsgov ; NCT01994577), SAMIE ( https://anzctr.org.au ; ACTRN12621000053820), SEIGE and SAFETY ( www.Clinicaltrialsgov ; NCT04772157), STOP-CP ( www.Clinicaltrialsgov ; NCT02984436), UTROPIA ( www.Clinicaltrialsgov ; NCT02060760).

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Microwave-Accelerated and Metal-Enhanced Fluorescence Myoglobin Detection on Silvered Surfaces: Potential Application to Myocardial Infarction Diagnosis.

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