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Library subtraction of in vitro cDNA libraries to identify differentially expressed genes in scrapie infection.

ABSTRACT: We have developed a system where double-stranded cDNA can be amplified using a synthetic oligonucleotide primer and the polymerase chain reaction, generating cDNA libraries in vitro. Using a library subtraction strategy (1), scrapie and control brain in vitro cDNA libraries were used to identify sequences whose expression is modulated in scrapie infection. One of these sequences represents beta-2 microglobulin, while the other two have not been previously described. The use of in vitro libraries offers increased speed and efficiency of construction, and their subtraction is more efficient and powerful, compared with the previous system (1).

SUBMITTER: Duguid JR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC330765 | biostudies-other | 1990 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Library subtraction of in vitro cDNA libraries to identify differentially expressed genes in scrapie infection.

Duguid J R JR Dinauer M C MC

Nucleic acids research 19900501 9

We have developed a system where double-stranded cDNA can be amplified using a synthetic oligonucleotide primer and the polymerase chain reaction, generating cDNA libraries in vitro. Using a library subtraction strategy (1), scrapie and control brain in vitro cDNA libraries were used to identify sequences whose expression is modulated in scrapie infection. One of these sequences represents beta-2 microglobulin, while the other two have not been previously described. The use of in vitro libraries ...[more]

PMID: 2339063

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Project description:BackgroundAlternative splicing (AS) is a central mechanism in the generation of genomic complexity and is a major contributor to transcriptome and proteome diversity. Alterations of the splicing process can lead to deregulation of crucial cellular processes and have been associated with a large spectrum of human diseases. Cancer-associated transcripts are potential molecular markers and may contribute to the development of more accurate diagnostic and prognostic methods and also serve as therapeutic targets. Alternative splicing-enriched cDNA libraries have been used to explore the variability generated by alternative splicing. In this study, by combining the use of trapping heteroduplexes and RNA amplification, we developed a powerful approach that enables transcriptome-wide exploration of the AS repertoire for identifying AS variants associated with breast tumor cells modulated by ERBB2 (HER-2/neu) oncogene expression.ResultsThe human breast cell line (C5.2) and a pool of 5 ERBB2 over-expressing breast tumor samples were used independently for the construction of two AS-enriched libraries. In total, 2,048 partial cDNA sequences were obtained, revealing 214 alternative splicing sequence-enriched tags (ASSETs). A subset with 79 multiple exon ASSETs was compared to public databases and reported 138 different AS events. A high success rate of RT-PCR validation (94.5%) was obtained, and 2 novel AS events were identified. The influence of ERBB2-mediated expression on AS regulation was evaluated by capillary electrophoresis and probe-ligation approaches in two mammary cell lines (Hb4a and C5.2) expressing different levels of ERBB2. The relative expression balance between AS variants from 3 genes was differentially modulated by ERBB2 in this model system.ConclusionsIn this study, we presented a method for exploring AS from any RNA source in a transcriptome-wide format, which can be directly easily adapted to next generation sequencers. We identified AS transcripts that were differently modulated by ERBB2-mediated expression and that can be tested as molecular markers for breast cancer. Such a methodology will be useful for completely deciphering the cancer cell transcriptome diversity resulting from AS and for finding more precise molecular markers.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Melon (Cucumis melo), an economically important vegetable crop, belongs to the Cucurbitaceae family which includes several other important crops such as watermelon, cucumber, and pumpkin. It has served as a model system for sex determination and vascular biology studies. However, genomic resources currently available for melon are limited. RESULT:We constructed eleven full-length enriched and four standard cDNA libraries from fruits, flowers, leaves, roots, cotyledons, and calluses of four different melon genotypes, and generated 71,577 and 22,179 ESTs from full-length enriched and standard cDNA libraries, respectively. These ESTs, together with ~35,000 ESTs available in public domains, were assembled into 24,444 unigenes, which were extensively annotated by comparing their sequences to different protein and functional domain databases, assigning them Gene Ontology (GO) terms, and mapping them onto metabolic pathways. Comparative analysis of melon unigenes and other plant genomes revealed that 75% to 85% of melon unigenes had homologs in other dicot plants, while approximately 70% had homologs in monocot plants. The analysis also identified 6,972 gene families that were conserved across dicot and monocot plants, and 181, 1,192, and 220 gene families specific to fleshy fruit-bearing plants, the Cucurbitaceae family, and melon, respectively. Digital expression analysis identified a total of 175 tissue-specific genes, which provides a valuable gene sequence resource for future genomics and functional studies. Furthermore, we identified 4,068 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and 3,073 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the melon EST collection. Finally, we obtained a total of 1,382 melon full-length transcripts through the analysis of full-length enriched cDNA clones that were sequenced from both ends. Analysis of these full-length transcripts indicated that sizes of melon 5' and 3' UTRs were similar to those of tomato, but longer than many other dicot plants. Codon usages of melon full-length transcripts were largely similar to those of Arabidopsis coding sequences. CONCLUSION:The collection of melon ESTs generated from full-length enriched and standard cDNA libraries is expected to play significant roles in annotating the melon genome. The ESTs and associated analysis results will be useful resources for gene discovery, functional analysis, marker-assisted breeding of melon and closely related species, comparative genomic studies and for gaining insights into gene expression patterns.

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Library subtraction of in vitro cDNA libraries to identify differentially expressed genes in scrapie infection.

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Library subtraction of in vitro cDNA libraries to identify differentially expressed genes in scrapie infection.

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