Age at menarche, the leg length to sitting height ratio, and risk of diabetes in middle-aged and elderly Chinese men and women.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Conway BN
PROVIDER: S-EPMC3309033 | biostudies-other | 2012
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
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Project description:ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to investigate the association between leg-length-to-height ratio (LLHR) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) among Chinese children.Methods1236 children (619 obese and 617 nonobese children) aged 3-6 years participated in a cross-sectional survey in 2005 in Tianjin, China. Information on body adiposity, metabolic traits, and related covariates was obtained using a standardized protocol. LLHR was calculated as the ratio of leg length to stature.ResultsIn the multivariable logistic regression analyses, compared with those in the lowest quartile, odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of MetS among children in the second through the highest quartiles of LLHR Z-score were 0.89 (95% CI, 0.64-1.25), 0.45 (95% CI, 0.32-0.63), and 0.37 (95% CI, 0.26-0.53), respectively, (P for trend < 0.0001 across LLHR Z-score quartiles). Compared with children with both higher levels of LLHR and lower levels of adipose indices, the corresponding ORs of MetS for those with both lower levels of LLHR and higher levels of anthropometric indices were 4.51 (95% CI, 3.08-6.62) for BMI Z-score, 3.86 (95% CI, 2.60-5.73) for waist circumference, and 2.75 (95% CI, 1.85-4.10) for waist-to-hip ratio, respectively.ConclusionsGreater LLHR is inversely associated with MetS in Chinese children.
| S-EPMC4721392 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo create reference charts for sitting height to standing height ratio (SitHt/Ht) for children in the US, and to describe the trajectory of SitHt/Ht during puberty.Study designThis was a cross-sectional study using data from the 1988-1994 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III, a strategic random sample of the US population. Comparison between non-Hispanic White (NHW), non-Hispanic Black (NHB) and Mexican American groups was performed by ANOVA to determine if a single population reference chart could be used. ANOVA was used to compare SitHt/Ht in pre-, early, and late puberty.ResultsNHANES III recorded sitting height and standing height measurements in 9569 children aged 2-18 years of NHW (n = 2715), NHB (n = 3336), and Mexican American (n = 3518) ancestry. NHB children had lower SitHt/Ht than NHW and Mexican American children throughout childhood (P < .001). In both sexes, the SitHt/Ht decreased from prepuberty to early puberty and increased in late puberty. Sex-specific percentile charts of SitHt/Ht vs age were generated for NHB and for NHW and Mexican American youth combined.ConclusionsSitHt/Ht assessment can detect disproportionate short stature in children with skeletal dysplasia, but age-, sex-, and population-specific reference charts are required to interpret this measurement. NHB children in the US have significantly lower SitHt/Ht than other children, which adds complexity to interpretation. We recommend the use of standardized ancestry-specific reference charts in screening for skeletal dysplasias and have developed such charts in this study.
| S-EPMC9030919 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Compared with no alcohol consumption, heavy alcohol intake is associated with a higher rate of heart failure (HF) whereas light-to-moderate intake may be associated with a lower rate. However, several prior studies did not exclude former drinkers, who may have changed alcohol consumption in response to diagnosis. This study aimed to investigate the association between alcohol intake and incident HF.We conducted a prospective cohort study of 33 760 men aged 45 to 79 years with no HF, diabetes mellitus, or myocardial infarction at baseline participating in the Cohort of Swedish Men Study. We excluded former drinkers. At baseline, participants completed a food frequency questionnaire and reported other characteristics. HF was defined as hospitalization for or death from HF, ascertained by Swedish inpatient and cause-of-death records from January 1, 1998, through December 31, 2011. We constructed Cox proportional hazards models to estimate multivariable-adjusted incidence rate ratios. During follow-up, 2916 men were hospitalized for (n=2139) or died (n=777) of incident HF. There was a U-shaped relationship between total alcohol intake and incident HF (P=0.0004). There was a nadir at light-to-moderate alcohol intake: consuming 7 to <14 standard drinks per week was associated with a 19% lower multivariable-adjusted rate of HF compared with never drinking (incidence rate ratio, 0.81; 95% confidence interval, 0.69-0.96).In this cohort of Swedish men, there was a U-shaped relationship between alcohol consumption and HF incidence, with a nadir at light-to-moderate intake. Heavy intake did not seem protective.
| S-EPMC4511919 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundAnthropometric factors are reported to be risk factors for atrial fibrillation (AF), but it is unclear whether weight change in mid-life is associated with AF. We aimed to study the possible associations of weight, height, and weight change with the risk of incident AF in men and women.MethodsOur study cohort included 108 417 persons (51% women) who participated in a population-based health examination in northern Sweden at 30, 40, 50, or 60 years of age. The health examination included weight and height measurement and collection of data regarding cardiovascular risk factors. Within this cohort, 40 275 participants underwent two health examinations with a 10-year interval. We identified cases with a first-ever diagnosis of AF through the Swedish National Patient Registry.ResultsDuring a total follow-up of 1 469 820 person-years, 5154 participants developed incident AF. The mean age at inclusion was 46.3 years, and mean age at AF diagnosis was 66.6 years. After adjustment for potential confounders, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and body surface area (BSA) were positively associated with risk of incident AF in both men and women. Among participants who underwent two health examinations 10 years apart, 1142 persons developed AF. The mean weight change from baseline was a gain of 4.8%. Weight gain or weight loss was not significantly associated with risk of incident AF.ConclusionsHeight, weight, BMI, and BSA showed positive associations with risk of incident AF in both men and women. Midlife weight change was not significantly associated with AF risk.
| S-EPMC7733566 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundUsing data from a large-scale community-based Japanese population, we attempted to identify factors associated with tooth loss in middle-aged and elderly men.MethodsA total of 8352 men aged 40 to 79 years who lived in the north of the main island of Japan and underwent health checkups were enrolled between 2002 and 2005. Number of teeth was assessed by the question, "How many teeth do you have (0, 1-9, 10-19, or ?20)?". On the basis of the answer to this question, participants were classified into 2 groups (?19 teeth or ?20 teeth). Using multivariate logistic regression, factors related to having 19 or fewer teeth were estimated.ResultsThe numbers (percentages) of participants who had 0, 1 to 9, 10 to 19, and 20 or more teeth were 1764 (21.1%), 1779 (21.3%), 1836 (22.0%), and 2973 (35.6%), respectively. Among the participants overall and those aged 65 to 79 years, having 19 or fewer teeth was significantly associated with older age, smoking status (current smoking and ex-smoking), and low education level. In addition, men with 19 or fewer teeth were more likely to have a low body mass index and low serum albumin level and less likely to be current alcohol drinkers. Among men aged 40 to 64 years, but not men aged 65 to 79 years, those with 19 or fewer teeth were more likely to have a low serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level and high glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level.ConclusionsSmoking, low education level, and poor nutritional status were associated with tooth loss among middle-aged and elderly Japanese men.
| S-EPMC3709550 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:Most absorbed lead ends up in the bone, where it can be measured as a biomarker of cumulative exposure, elevations of which have been shown to predict a higher risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Knowledge about the role of dietary patterns is critical to the development of effective interventions for the cardiovascular toxicity of cumulative lead exposure. METHODS:594 men, free of CHD at baseline, were followed from August 1991 to June 2011 in the Normative Aging Study. Bone lead concentrations were measured by K-shell-X-ray fluorescence. Dietary patterns were identified using principal components analysis. Two dietary patterns were identified: a 'prudent' pattern characterized by high intake of fruit, vegetables, legumes, tomatoes, poultry, and seafood; and a 'Western' pattern, with high intake of red meat, processed meat, refined grains, high-fat dairy products, high-energy drinks, fries, butter and eggs. Cox proportional hazard models were used to compute hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident CHD. Effect modification on the multiplicative scale was examined through cross-product interaction terms. RESULTS:137 men developed incident CHD events during 5071 person-years of follow-up. After adjusting for age, body mass index, total energy intake, smoking status, total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein ratio, education and occupation, an HR of incident CHD was 1.64 (95% CI: 1.27-2.11) with each doubling in patella lead concentration in the low prudent diet group (<?median prudent score); and the HR decreased to 1.07 (95% CI: 0.86-1.34) in the high prudent diet (??median prudent score) (p-for-interaction?=?0.01), suggesting protective effects of prudent diet against lead-related CHD. By contrast, the association between tibia lead and CHD was non-significantly larger in the low Western diet group (HR?=?1.43, 95% CI: 1.14-1.80) compared with the high Western diet group (HR?=?1.08, 95% CI: 0.86-1.34) (p-for-interaction?=?0.06). No significant effect modifications were detected by Western diet in the patella lead-CHD association and by prudent diet in the tibia lead-CHD association. CONCLUSIONS:Prudent diet may reduce the risk of development of CHD in relation to patella lead. However, these findings need to be interpreted with caution, given the modest sample size.
| S-EPMC6263823 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Importance: Cognitive skills are known to decline through the lifespan with large individual differences. The molecular mechanisms for this decline are incompletely understood. Although leukocyte telomere length provides an index of cellular age that predicts the incidence of age-related diseases, it is unclear whether there is an association between cognitive decline and leukocyte telomere length. Objective: To examine the association between changes in cognitive function during adult life and leukocyte telomere length after adjusting for confounding factors such as education, mental health and life style. Design, Setting, and Participants: Two groups of men with negative (n = 97) and positive (n = 93) change in cognitive performance were selected from a birth cohort of 1985 Danish men born in 1953. Cognitive performance of each individual was assessed at age ~20 and 56 years. Leukocyte telomere length at age ~58 was measured using qPCR. Linear regression models were used to investigate the association between cognitive function and leukocyte telomere length. Results: Men with negative change in cognitive performance during adult life had significantly shorter mean leukocyte telomere length than men with positive change in cognitive performance (unadjusted difference ? = -0.09, 95% CI -0.16 to -0.02, p = 0.02). This association remained significant after adjusting for smoking, alcohol consumption, leisure time activity, body mass index (BMI) and cholesterol (adjusted difference ? = -0.09, 95% CI -0.17 to -0.01, p = 0.02) but was non-significant after adjusting for smoking, alcohol consumption, leisure time activity, BMI, cholesterol, current cognitive function, depression and education (adjusted difference ? = -0.07, 95% CI -0.16 to -0.01, p = 0.08). Conclusion and Relevance: Preclinical cognitive changes may be associated with leukocyte telomere length.
| S-EPMC5145851 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionAs the global population ages, research on the health of middle-aged and elderly men has intensified.AimTo report a paucity of data on the prevalence, etiology, and risk factors associated with lack of vaginal intercourse in middle-aged and elderly Chinese men.MethodsBetween January, 2018, and May, 2020, 6,096 men aged 40-90 years old who reside in mainland China were included in the community-based study. Validated scales related to erectile dysfunction (EHS and IIEF-5) and late-onset hypogonadism (ADAM and AMS), and in-person interview method were used to collect data. Multivariable analysis was performed to examine the risk factors associated with the absence of intercourse.OutcomesPrevalence estimate of no current vaginal intercourse and its associations with basic factors and medical comorbidities. Reasons for no current vaginal intercourse.ResultsThe prevalence of intercourse absence was 19.8% (95% CI; 18.8-20.8%) in middle-aged and elderly Chinese males, and this proportion was significantly higher in older age groups (8.6%, 11.5%, 24.1%, and 34.2% for men aged 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, and 70-90, respectively; P < .05). Among the men who attributed the lack of intercourse to themselves, 168 (21.4%, 95% CI; 18.7-24.4%) had erectile problems and were apprehensive about erectile failure during intercourse. Strained spousal relationships (35 men, 8.4%, 95% CI; 6.1-11.4%), marital issues (163 men, 39%, 95% CI; 34.4--43.8%), and poor health of the partner (179 men, 42.8%, 95% CI; 38.2-47.6%) were described as reasons for lack of intercourse with spouses. Same risk factors were also found in the multivariate analysis.Clinical implicationsModifiable factors that are related to lack of intercourse may be beneficial to Chinese middle-aged and elderly men.Strength & limitationsThe main strength of the study is that it involved real-world settings. The limitations are as follows. Firstly, psychological data, data on sexual frequency and data regarding types of sex other than vaginal intercourse were not recorded. Secondly, this is a cross-sectional study, from which definite or causative conclusions can't be drawn. Thirdly, the spouses of the participants were not included in the study, and hence the data represent the perceptions of males only. Finally, objective data are required.ConclusionModifiable factors related to both the patients and their partners were associated with an increased rate of no intercourse in Chinese middle-aged and elderly men. Guidance for sexual life may benefit men with an absence of intercourse. Future studies are warranted to reexamine our findings. Lu Y, Zhang J, Ma C, et al. Prevalence and Reasons for the Absence of Vaginal Intercourse in Chinese Middle-Aged and Elderly Men. Sex Med 2022;10:100511.
| S-EPMC9177884 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundIt remains controversial whether body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), or triglyceride glucose (TyG) index has a stronger association with diabetes. The aims of the study were to compare the magnitude of associations of four indicators with diabetes risk.MethodsData collected from annual health examination dataset in the Xinzheng during 2011 and 2019. A total of 41,242 participants aged ≥ 45 years were included in this study. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to examine associations between the four indicators and diabetes risk.ResultsAfter 205,770 person-years of follow up, diabetes developed in 2,472 subjects. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of diabetes (highest vs reference group) were 1.92 (1.71-2.16) for BMI, 1.99 (1.78-2.23) for WC, 1.65 (1.47-1.86) for WHtR, and 1.66 (1.47-1.87) for TyG, respectively. In addition, the risk of diabetes increased with baseline BMI (HR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.25, 1.35) and TyG (HR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.20, 1.30), but the lowest HR was 0.78 (95% CI 0.65-0.92) when WC was approximately 72 cm, and 0.85 (95% CI 0.72-0.99) when WHtR was approximately 0.47 in women. In joint analyses, the highest risk was observed in participants with a high BMI combined with a high WC (HR: 2.26; 95% CI: 1.98, 2.58).ConclusionsIn middle-aged and elderly Chinese population, BMI and WC were more strongly associated with diabetes than WHtR or TyG, especially the combined effect of BMI and WC.
| S-EPMC8898128 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Aim. The relationship between alcohol consumption and glycometabolic abnormality is controversial, especially in different ethnic population. In this study, a cross-sectional survey was carried out to examine the relationship between alcohol consumption and glycometabolic abnormality in middle-aged and elderly Chinese men. Methods. Using cluster random sampling, Chinese men aged more than 40 years from Changchun, China, were given standardized questionnaires. In total, 1996 individuals, for whom complete data was available, were recruited into the study. We calculated the incidence of prediabetes and newly diagnosed diabetes by three levels of alcohol consumption: light, moderate, and heavy. Multivariate logistic regression models adjusted for socioeconomic variables and diabetes-related risk factors were used to analyze the association between alcohol consumption and the onset of prediabetes and diabetes. Results. The univariate analysis revealed higher incidence of prediabetes among drinkers (32.8%) compared with nondrinkers (28.6%), particularly in heavy alcohol consumers. The logistic regression analysis showed that alcohol consumption, especially heavy consumption, was an independent risk factor for prediabetes. Conclusions. Alcohol consumption, heavy consumption in particular, is an independent risk factor for the development of prediabetes, but not for diabetes.
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