Use of orthodontic mini-implants for maxillomandibular fixation in mandibular fracture.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Pires MS
PROVIDER: S-EPMC3314252 | biostudies-other | 2011 Dec
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
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Project description:This study aimed at evaluating the design and dimensions of five different brands of orthodontic mini-implants, as well as their influence on torsional fracture strength.Fifty mini-implants were divided into five groups corresponding to different manufactures (DEN, RMO, CON, NEO, SIN). Twenty-five mini-implants were subjected to fracture test by torsion in the neck and the tip, through arbors attached to a Universal Mechanical Testing Machine. The other 25 mini-implants were subjected to insertion torque test into blocks of pork ribs using a torquimeter and contra-angle handpiece mounted in a surgical motor. The shape of the active tip of the mini-implants was evaluated under microscopy. The non-parametric Friedman test and Snedecor's F in analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to evaluate the differences between groups.The fracture torque of the neck ranged from 23.45 N.cm (DEN) to 34.82 N.cm (SIN), and of the tip ranged from 9.35 N.cm (CON) to 24.36 N.cm (NEO). Insertion torque values ranged from 6.6 N.cm (RMO) to 10.2 N.cm (NEO). The characteristics that most influenced the results were outer diameter, inner diameter, the ratio between internal and external diameters, and the existence of milling in the apical region of the mini-implant.The fracture torques were different for both the neck and the tip of the five types evaluated. NEO and SIN mini-implants showed the highest resistance to fracture of the neck and tip. The fracture torques of both tip and neck were higher than the torque required to insert mini-implants.
| S-EPMC5525445 | biostudies-other
Project description:Introduction The ability to treat fracture with open reduction and internal fixation (OR/IF) has dramatically revolutionized the approach to mandible fracture. With OR/IF, the postoperative role of rigid maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) has declined, but it is used to maintain proper occlusion until internal fixation of the fracture is achieved. Objective To assess intraoperative manual MMF during OR/IF of selected cases of mandibular fractures. Methods This prospective study was conducted on 80 patients with isolated mandibular fractures managed by OR/IF using two titanium miniplates. The patients were classified into two groups: a control group (40 patients) treated by OR/IF after intraoperative rigid MMF followed by immediate MMF removal, and a study group (40 patients) treated by rigid MMF, which was replaced by temporary intraoperative manual MMF (3MF) until plate fixation. Results There were no significant differences of the postoperative complication and dental occlusion, although a highly significant reduction of operative time was achieved in the 3MF group. Patient who received the 3MF technique had statistically significantly better average intrinsic vertical mouth opening in the early postoperative period (1 week after surgery), and normal mouth opening could be achieved in all cases in both groups 8 weeks after surgery. Conclusions Intraoperative rigid MMF is not mandatory and can be replaced in selected cases of fracture mandible by manual maintenance of proper dental occlusion until hardware fixation, gaining the advantages of shorter operative time and less risk of blood-transmitted diseases to the surgical team and the patient in addition to the benefits of immediate postoperative mandible mobilization.
| S-EPMC4593909 | biostudies-other
Project description:The aim of this study was to make a comparison of the biomechanical behavior of four different internal fixation systems for mandibular angle fractures. A total of 40 polyurethane mandible replicas were employed with different fixation methods: group 1SP, one 2.0-mm four-hole miniplate; group 2PPL, two 2.0-mm four-hole parallel miniplates; group 3DP, one 3D 2.0-mm four-hole miniplate; and group 3DPP, one 3D 2.0-mm eight-hole miniplate. Each group was subjected to incisal or homolateral molar region loading. The load resistance values were measured at load application causing tip displacement of 1, 3, and 5?mm, and at the time at which the system achieves its maximum strength (MS). Means and standard deviations were compared among groups using analysis of variance and the Tukey test. Group 2PPL showed higher strength for all the displacements. For incisal loading, no statistically significant differences were found between groups 1SP, 3DP, and 3DPP. For molar loading, group 1SP and 3DPP showed statistically significant differences. For MS testing, group 1SP and 2PPL showed statistically significant differences in incisal loading; group 1SP and 3DP showed no statistically significant differences; and group 3DPP showed lower values of strength. Two parallel miniplates provide the most favorable mechanical behavior under the conditions tested.
| S-EPMC4428728 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Previous studies have shown that sonication fluid cultures from removed orthopedic devices improved the microbiological diagnosis of orthopedic implant-associated infections; however, few of these investigations have applied sonication to the removed fracture fixation devices to evaluate its utility for the diagnosis of osteosynthesis-associated infection (OAI). We compared sonication fluid to conventional tissue cultures from 180 subjects with different sizes of plates and screws (n = 156), spinal implants (n = 26), and intramedullary nails (n = 3), of whom 125 and 55 subjects had OAI and noninfected osteosynthesis (NIO), respectively. The sensitivity for detecting OAI was 90.4% for sonication fluid culture and 56.8% for periprosthetic tissue cultures (P < 0.05), and the specificities were 90.9% and 96.4%, respectively. Sonication fluid culture detected more pathogens than peri-implant tissue culture (113 versus 71; P < 0.001), while polymicrobial infections were diagnosed by sonication fluid cultures and tissue cultures in 20.8% and 8% (P < 0.001), respectively. Microbiological diagnosis was achieved exclusively by sonication fluid cultures for 47 (90.4%) subjects, and among them, 18 (38.3%) had previously received antibiotics, whereas in five (9.6%) infected subjects, tissue culture was positive and the sonication fluid culture was negative. Among 39 (31.2%) OAI cases receiving antibiotics, the identification of the organisms occurred in 38.5% and 82.1% of the tissue and sonication fluid cultures, respectively (P < 0.049). We demonstrated that sonication fluid culture from removed osteosyntheses has the potential for improving the microbiological diagnosis of OAI.
| S-EPMC4313283 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The present work evaluated the success of maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) by a new and simplified technique in management of minimally displaced mandibular fractures. A total of 20 patients who sustained various types of mandibular fractures were treated at the Government Dental College, Rohtak, India by a new MMF technique. The patients were evaluated by preoperative and postoperative radiography, and clinical testing was performed to assess the degree of tooth mobility adjacent to the site of MMF. The time required for MMF was also noted. Patient recovery was uneventful in all 20 cases, and the period of MMF ranged from 2 to 4 weeks (mean 21 days). The outcome was good. The mean time for performing MMF was 12 minutes (range, 10 to 15 minutes). It is a simple, quick, economical, and minimally invasive technique. Its mechanical principle provides an advantage in preventing postoperative periodontal problems.
| S-EPMC3193310 | biostudies-other
Project description:BACKGROUND:In dental implantology, the development of stability over time is a well-investigated topic. In case of orthodontic mini-implants, quantitative data for long-term stability is not available yet. This study aims to clinically investigate the long-term stability of mini-implants inserted in the midsagittal suture of the anterior palate. Moreover, the influence of the length of implants was elucidated. The stability of 2?×?9 and 2?×?11?mm mini-implants after orthodontic treatment (9?mm, 2.84 years?±?1.25 years; 11?mm, 3.17 years?±?0.96 years) was assessed by resonance frequency analysis (RFA). The obtained long-term pieces of data were compared with each other (9?mm vs 11?mm), as well as with the data from the matched early stability groups, to assess the initial and early secondary stability after the insertion from previous clinical trials. RESULTS:For both lengths, the long-term stability (2?×?9?mm, 25.12?±?7.11, n?=?21; 2?×?11?mm, 24.39?±?5.82, n?=?18) was significantly lower than primary stability (2?×?9 mm, 36.14?±?6.08, n?=?19; 2?×?11 mm, 33.35?±?3.53, n?=?20). The differences within the groups disappeared over the initial healing period: after 4 weeks for the 2?×?9 mm implants and after 2 weeks for the 2?×?11?mm implants. Also, the 2?×?9?mm and 2?×?11?mm implants showed comparable long-term stability values. CONCLUSION:The stability of midpalatal mini-implants does not change in the long term after the initial healing period. Moreover, 2?×?9?mm mini-implants seem to be appropriate for orthodontic anchorage, as the stability of 2?×?11?mm implants is not higher. Therefore, owing to lower invasiveness, 2?×?9?mm implants should be preferred.
| S-EPMC7024683 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background/purpose:Mini-implant screws are now routinely used as anchorage devices in orthodontic treatments. This study used synthetic bone models to investigate how the primary stability of an orthodontic mini-implant (OMI) as measured by resonance frequency (RF) is affected by varying cortical bone thickness and trabecular bone density. Materials and methods:Three synthetic cortical shells (thicknesses of 1, 2, and 3?mm) and three polyurethane foam blocks (densities of 40, 20, and 10 pound/cubic foot) were used to represent jawbones of varying cortical bone thicknesses and varying trabecular bone densities. Twenty-five stainless steel OMIs (2?×?10?mm) were sequentially inserted into artificial bone blocks to depths of 2, 4, and 6?mm. Five experimental groups of bone blocks with OMIs were examined by Implomates® RF analyzer. Statistical and correlation analyses were performed by Kruskal-Wallis test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, and simple linear regression. Results:As trabecular bone density decreased, RF decreased; as cortical bone thickness decreased, RF also decreased. Simple linear regression analysis showed highly linear correlations between trabecular bone density and RF (R 2?>?0.99; P?<?0.0001) and between cortical bone thickness and RF (R 2?>?0.98; P?<?0.0001). Conclusion:The stability of an OMI at the time of placement is influenced by both cortical bone thickness and trabecular bone density. Both cortical bone thickness and trabecular bone density have strong linear correlations with RF.
| S-EPMC6921117 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundOrthodontic implant migration has been clinically observed in presence of continuous loading forces. Recent studies indicate that osteocytes play a crucial role in this phenomenon.ObjectivesAim of this study was to investigate local osteocytic gene expression, protein expression, and bone micro-structure in peri-implant regions of pressure and tension.Material and methodsThe present work reports a complementary analysis to a previous micro-computed tomography study. Two customized mini-implants were placed in one caudal rat vertebra and connected by a nickel-titanium contraction spring generating different forces (i.e. 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 N). Either at 2 or 8 weeks, the vertebrae were harvested and utilized for 1. osteocytic gene expression using laser capture micro-dissection on frozen sections coupled with qPCR, 2. haematoxylin-eosin staining for qualitative and quantitative analyses, 3. immunofluorescence staining and analysis, and 4. bone-to-implant contact on undecalcified samples.ResultsAt the two time points for all the performed analyses no significant differences were observed with respect to the applied force magnitudes and cell harvesting localization. However, descriptive histological analysis revealed remarkable bone remodelling at 2 weeks of loading. At 8 weeks the implants were osseointegrated and, especially in 1.0 and 1.5 N groups, newly formed bone presented a characteristic load bearing architecture with trabecula oriented in the direction of the loading.ConclusionsThe present study confirmed that stress-induced bone remodelling is the biological mechanism of orthodontic implant migration. Bone apposition was found at 'tension' and 'pressure' sites thus limiting implant migration over time.
| S-EPMC8643410 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The reason of the biological stability loss of mini-implants is still a matter of discussion between dentistry professionals. The main objective of this systematic literature review and meta-analysis was to analyze the risk factors that prejudice this loss. A search was made in the electronic databases Pubmed, Scopus, Embase and Cochrane, in addition a manual search was made too in Grey Literature (Opengrey). No limits were set on the year of publication or language. The inclusion criteria were: studies in humans treated with fixed appliances with mini-implants, where the risk factors for secondary stability were evaluated for a minimum of 8 weeks. After eliminating duplicate studies and assessing which ones achieve the inclusion criteria, a total of 26 studies were selected for the qualitative synthesis, 18 of them were included in the quantitative synthesis. Common risk variables were compared in all of them. Analyzing the forest and funnel plots, statistically significant differences were obtained only for location, the upper maxilla having lower risk than the mandible with an odds ratio of 0.56 and confidence interval of 0.39 to 0.80. Prospective studies under controlled conditions should be required in order to obtain a correct assessment of the variables analyzed.
| S-EPMC7125198 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesThe aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the orthodontic mini-implants (OMI) stability.Materials and methodsAn unrestricted electronic database search in PubMed, Science Direct, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, LILACS, Google Scholar, and ClinicalTrials.gov and a hand search were performed up to December 2020. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) or non-randomized clinical trials (Non-RCTs) that assessed the effects of LLLT on the OMI stability were included. Data regarding the general information, LLLT characteristics, and outcomes were extracted. The authors performed risk of bias assessment with Cochrane Collaboration's or ROBINS-I tool. Meta-analysis was also conducted.ResultsFive RCTs and one Non-RCT were included and 108 patients were evaluated. The LLLT characteristics presented different wavelength, power, energy density, irradiation time, and protocol duration. Five RCTs had a low risk of selection bias. Two RCTs had a low risk of performance and detection bias. All RCTs had a low risk of attrition bias, reporting bias and other bias. The Non-RCT presented a low risk of bias for all criteria, except for the bias in selection of participants. The meta-analysis revealed that LLLT significantly increased the OMI stability (p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 0.67) and the highest clinical benefit was showed after 1 (p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 0.75), 2 (p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 1.21), and 3 (p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 1.51) months of OMI placement.ConclusionsLLLT shows positive effects on the OMI stability.
| S-EPMC7882650 | biostudies-literature