The phylogeny of permanent prostate brachytherapy.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Aronowitz JN
PROVIDER: S-EPMC3708145 | biostudies-other | 2013 Jun
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
Publications
The phylogeny of permanent prostate brachytherapy.
Aronowitz Jesse N JN Rivard Mark J MJ
Journal of contemporary brachytherapy 20130628 2
Permanent prostate brachytherapy has been practiced for more than a century. This review examines the influence of earlier procedures on the modern transperineal ultrasound-directed technique. A literature review was conducted to examine the origin of current clinical practice. The dimensions of the modern brachytherapy seed, the prescription dose, and implant/teletherapy sequencing are vestigial features, which may be suboptimal in the current era of low-energy photon-emitting radionuclides and ...[more]
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Project description:Prostate brachytherapy can be used as a monotherapy for low- and intermediate-risk patients or in combination with external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) as a form of dose escalation for selected intermediate- and high-risk patients. Prostate brachytherapy with either permanent implants (low dose rate [LDR]) or temporary implants (high dose rate [HDR]) is emerging as the most effective radiation treatment for prostate cancer. Several large Canadian brachytherapy programs were established in the mid- to late-1990s. Prostate brachytherapy is offered in British Columbia, Alberta, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec and New Brunswick. We anticipate the need for brachytherapy services in Canada will significantly increase in the near future. In this review, we summarize brachytherapy programs across Canada, contemporary eligibility criteria for the procedure, toxicity and prostate-specific antigen recurrence free survival (PRFS), as published from Canadian institutions for both LDR and HDR brachytherapy.
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Project description:The incidence and associated factors of loose seed migration were investigated in cohort 1 of the Japanese Prostate Cancer Outcome Study of Permanent Iodine-125 Seed Implantation (J-POPS).The study subjects were 2160 patients, consisting of 1641 patients who underwent permanent iodine-125 seed implantation (PI) and 519 patients who underwent PI combined with external beam radiation therapy (PI?+?EBRT). The presence or absence of seed migration to the chest and abdominal/pelvic region was determined.Seed migration was observed in 22.7 % of PI group patients and 18.1 % of PI?+?EBRT group patients (p?=?0.0276). Migration to the lungs and abdominal/pelvic region was observed in 14.6 % and 11.1 % of the patients in the PI group, and 11.2 % and 8.5 % of the patients in the PI?+?EBRT group, respectively. In the PI group, the number of implanted seeds was associated with the seed migration incidence. Neither the PI nor the PI?+?EBRT group showed any difference in the volume of the prostate receiving 100 % of the prescribed dose (V100 [%]) or the minimal dose received by 90 % of the prostate volume (D90 [Gy]) between the patients with and without seed migration.This prospective cohort study investigating the largest number of past cases showed no difference in D90 (Gy) or V100 (%) between seed migration or the absence thereof in both the PI group and PI?+?EBRT group.ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00534196.
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Project description:Brachytherapy (BT), using low-dose-rate (LDR) permanent seed implantation or high-dose-rate (HDR) temporary source implantation, is an acceptable treatment option for select patients with prostate cancer of any risk group. The benefits of HDR-BT over LDR-BT include the ability to use the same source for other cancers, lower operator dependence, and - typically - fewer acute irritative symptoms. By contrast, the benefits of LDR-BT include more favourable scheduling logistics, lower initial capital equipment costs, no need for a shielded room, completion in a single implant, and more robust data from clinical trials. Prospective reports comparing HDR-BT and LDR-BT to each other or to other treatment options (such as external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) or surgery) suggest similar outcomes. The 5-year freedom from biochemical failure rates for patients with low-risk, intermediate-risk, and high-risk disease are >85%, 69-97%, and 63-80%, respectively. Brachytherapy with EBRT (versus brachytherapy alone) is an appropriate approach in select patients with intermediate-risk and high-risk disease. The 10-year rates of overall survival, distant metastasis, and cancer-specific mortality are >85%, <10%, and <5%, respectively. Grade 3-4 toxicities associated with HDR-BT and LDR-BT are rare, at <4% in most series, and quality of life is improved in patients who receive brachytherapy compared with those who undergo surgery.
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