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Altered expression patterns of syndecan-1 and -2 predict biochemical recurrence in prostate cancer.

ABSTRACT: The clinical features of prostate cancer do not provide an accurate determination of patients undergoing biochemical relapse and are therefore not suitable as indicators of prognosis for recurrence. New molecular markers are needed for proper pre-treatment risk stratification of patients. Our aim was to assess the value of altered expression of syndecan-1 and -2 as a marker for predicting biochemical relapse in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer treated by radical prostatectomy. The expression of syndecan-1 and -2 was examined by immunohistochemical staining in a series of 60 paraffin-embedded tissue samples from patients with localized prostate cancer. Ten specimens from patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia were used as non-malignant controls. Semiquantitative analysis was performed to evaluate the staining patterns. To investigate the prognostic value, Kaplan-Meier survival curves were performed and compared by a log-rank test. In benign samples, syndecan-1 was expressed in basal and secretory epithelial cells with basolateral membrane localisation, whereas syndecan-2 was expressed preferentially in basal cells. In prostate cancer samples, the expression patterns of both syndecans shifted to granular-cytoplasmic localisation. Survival analysis showed a significant difference (P < 0.05) between normal and altered expression of syndecan-1 and -2 in free prostate-specific antigen recurrence survival curves. These data suggest that the expression of syndecan-1 and -2 can be used as a prognostic marker for patients with clinically localized prostate cancer, improving the prostate-specific antigen recurrence risk stratification.

SUBMITTER: Ledezma R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3739330 | biostudies-other | 2011 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Radiomics or computer-extracted texture features derived from MRI have been shown to help quantitatively characterize prostate cancer (PCa). Radiomics have not been explored depth in the context of predicting biochemical recurrence (BCR) of PCa. PURPOSE:To identify a set of radiomic features derived from pretreatment biparametric MRI (bpMRI) that may be predictive of PCa BCR. STUDY TYPE:Retrospective. SUBJECTS:In all, 120 PCa patients from two institutions, I1 and I2 , partitioned into training set D1 (N?=?70) from I1 and independent validation set D2 (N?=?50) from I2 . All patients were followed for ?3 years. SEQUENCE:3T, T2 -weighted (T2 WI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps derived from diffusion-weighted sequences. ASSESSMENT:PCa regions of interest (ROIs) on T2 WI were annotated by two experienced radiologists. Radiomic features from bpMRI (T2 WI and ADC maps) were extracted from the ROIs. A machine-learning classifier (CBCR ) was trained with the best discriminating set of radiomic features to predict BCR (pBCR ). STATISTICAL TESTS:Wilcoxon rank-sum tests with P?<?0.05 were considered statistically significant. Differences in BCR-free survival at 3 years using pBCR was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared with Gleason Score (GS), PSA, and PIRADS-v2. RESULTS:Distribution statistics of co-occurrence of local anisotropic gradient orientation (CoLlAGe) and Haralick features from T2 WI and ADC were associated with BCR (P?<?0.05) on D1 . CBCR predictions resulted in a mean AUC?=?0.84 on D1 and AUC?=?0.73 on D2 . A significant difference in BCR-free survival between the predicted classes (BCR?+?and BCR-) was observed (P?=?0.02) on D2 compared to those obtained from GS (P?=?0.8), PSA (P?=?0.93) and PIRADS-v2 (P?=?0.23). DATA CONCLUSION:Radiomic features from pretreatment bpMRI can be predictive of PCa BCR after therapy and may help identify men who would benefit from adjuvant therapy. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:4 Technical Efficacy: Stage 5 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;48:1626-1636.

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Altered expression patterns of syndecan-1 and -2 predict biochemical recurrence in prostate cancer.

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