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Metastatic renal cell carcinoma: Current scenario and future trends.

ABSTRACT: An improved understanding of the biology of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has led to the development of a number of targeted agents, which has resulted in a paradigm shift in the management of metastatic RCC. We review the current therapeutic strategies for metastatic RCC and present a synopsis of the novel agents in use today with a discussion of the phase III trials that demonstrated their clinical benefit. The management of RCC continues to evolve. The introduction of VEGF and mTOR inhibitors has markedly expanded our drug armamentarium and improved the outcome of a disease that has always been challenging to treat. Knowledge from upcoming trials will help us utilize these drugs for maximum clinical efficacy with optimal dosing and sequencing, either individually or in combination therapy.

SUBMITTER: Bharthuar A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3876598 | biostudies-other | 2012 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Metastatic renal cell carcinoma: Current scenario and future trends.

Bharthuar Anubha A

South Asian journal of cancer 20120701 1

An improved understanding of the biology of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has led to the development of a number of targeted agents, which has resulted in a paradigm shift in the management of metastatic RCC. We review the current therapeutic strategies for metastatic RCC and present a synopsis of the novel agents in use today with a discussion of the phase III trials that demonstrated their clinical benefit. The management of RCC continues to evolve. The introduction of VEGF and mTOR inhibitors ha ...[more]

PMID: 24455506

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Project description:Triple negative tumors represent 15% of breast cancer and are characterized by the lack of estrogen receptors, progesterone receptor, and HER2 amplification or overexpression. Approximately 25% of patients diagnosed with triple negative breast cancer carry a germline BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. They have an aggressive biology, and chemotherapy has been the mainstay of treatment for a long time. Despite intensive therapies, prognosis is still poor, and many patients will eventually relapse or die due to cancer. Therefore, novel targeted agents that can increase the treatment options for this disease are urgently needed. Recently, a new class of molecules has emerged as a standard of care for patients with triple negative breast cancer and germline BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation: poly (ADP-ribose) (PARP) inhibitors. In the first part of the review, we summarize and discuss evidence supporting the use of PARP inhibitors. Currently, two PARP inhibitors have been approved for triple negative metastatic breast cancer-olaparib and talazoparib-based on two phase III trials, which showed a progression-free survival benefit when compared to chemotherapy. Safety profile was manageable with supportive therapies and dose reductions/interruptions. In addition, other PARP inhibitors are currently under investigation, such as talazoparib, rucaparib, and veliparib. Subsequently, we will discuss the potential role of PARP inhibitors in the future. Clinical research areas are investigating PARP inhibitors in combination with other agents and are including patients without germline BRCA mutations: ongoing phase II/III studies are combining PARP inhibitors with immunotherapy, while phases I and II trials are combining PARP inhibitors with other targeted agents such as ATM and PIK3CA inhibitors. Moreover, several clinical trials are enrolling patients with somatic BRCA mutation or patients carrying mutations in genes, other than BRCA1/2, involved in the homologous recombination repair pathway (e.g., CHECK2, PALB2, RAD51, etc.).

Dataset Information

Metastatic renal cell carcinoma: Current scenario and future trends.

Publications

Metastatic renal cell carcinoma: Current scenario and future trends.

Similar Datasets

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