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The fission yeast spore is coated by a proteinaceous surface layer comprising mainly Isp3.

ABSTRACT: The spore is a dormant cell that is resistant to various environmental stresses. As compared with the vegetative cell wall, the spore wall has a more extensive structure that confers resistance on spores. In the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, the polysaccharides glucan and chitosan are major components of the spore wall; however, the structure of the spore surface remains unknown. We identify the spore coat protein Isp3/Meu4. The isp3 disruptant is viable and executes meiotic nuclear divisions as efficiently as the wild type, but isp3? spores show decreased tolerance to heat, digestive enzymes, and ethanol. Electron microscopy shows that an electron-dense layer is formed at the outermost region of the wild-type spore wall. This layer is not observed in isp3? spores. Furthermore, Isp3 is abundantly detected in this layer by immunoelectron microscopy. Thus Isp3 constitutes the spore coat, thereby conferring resistance to various environmental stresses.

SUBMITTER: Fukunishi K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4019487 | biostudies-other | 2014 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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The fission yeast spore is coated by a proteinaceous surface layer comprising mainly Isp3.

Fukunishi Kana K Miyakubi Kana K Hatanaka Mitsuko M Otsuru Natsumi N Hirata Aiko A Shimoda Chikashi C Nakamura Taro T

Molecular biology of the cell 20140312 10

The spore is a dormant cell that is resistant to various environmental stresses. As compared with the vegetative cell wall, the spore wall has a more extensive structure that confers resistance on spores. In the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, the polysaccharides glucan and chitosan are major components of the spore wall; however, the structure of the spore surface remains unknown. We identify the spore coat protein Isp3/Meu4. The isp3 disruptant is viable and executes meiotic nuclear d ...[more]

PMID: 24623719

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Project description:In previous publications, it was hypothesized that Micrarchaeota cells are covered by two individual membrane systems. This study proves that at least the recently cultivated "Candidatus Micrarchaeum harzensis A_DKE" possesses an S-layer covering its cytoplasmic membrane. The potential S-layer protein was found to be among the proteins with the highest abundance in "Ca. Micrarchaeum harzensis A_DKE," and in silico characterization of its primary structure indicated homologies to other known S-layer proteins. Homologues of this protein were found in other Micrarchaeota genomes, which raises the question of whether the ability to form an S-layer is a common trait within this phylum. The S-layer protein seems to be glycosylated, and the micrarchaeon expresses genes for N-glycosylation under cultivation conditions, despite not being able to synthesize carbohydrates. Electron micrographs of freeze-etched samples of a previously described coculture, containing "Ca. Micrarchaeum harzensis A_DKE" and a Thermoplasmatales member as its host organism, verified the hypothesis of an S-layer on the surface of "Ca. Micrarchaeum harzensis A_DKE." Both organisms are clearly distinguishable by cell size, shape, and surface structure. IMPORTANCE Our knowledge about the DPANN superphylum, which comprises several archaeal phyla with limited metabolic capacities, is mostly based on genomic data derived from cultivation-independent approaches. This study examined the surface structure of a recently cultivated member "Candidatus Micrarchaeum harzensis A_DKE," an archaeal symbiont dependent on an interaction with a host organism for growth. The interaction requires direct cell contact between interaction partners, a mechanism which is also described for other DPANN archaea. Investigating the surface structure of "Ca. Micrarchaeum harzensis A_DKE" is an important step toward understanding the interaction between Micrarchaeota and their host organisms and living with limited metabolic capabilities, a trait shared by several DPANN archaea.

Dataset Information

The fission yeast spore is coated by a proteinaceous surface layer comprising mainly Isp3.

Publications

The fission yeast spore is coated by a proteinaceous surface layer comprising mainly Isp3.

Similar Datasets

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