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B-type (brain) natriuretic peptide and pruritus in hemodialysis patients.

ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: While pruritus is a common complication in hemodialysis patients, the pathophysiological mechanisms remain obscure. Recently, B-type (brain) natriuretic peptide (BNP) has been defined as an itch-selective neuropeptide in pruriceptive neurons in mice, and higher serum levels of BNP are frequently observed in hemodialysis patients. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the role of serum BNP in pruritus in patients undergoing hemodialysis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The current cross-sectional study was performed on 43 patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. A visual analog scale (VAS) measuring the general severity of pruritus (values from 0 to 10, with higher values indicating more severe pruritus) in daytime and at night was self-reported by patients. Each patient's background and laboratory tests, including serum BNP in the post-hemodialysis period, were collected. The correlation between VAS and clinical parameters was evaluated. RESULTS: Both daytime and nighttime VAS scores in diabetic patients were significantly less than those in nondiabetic patients. Multiple regression analysis revealed that pruritus in daytime was worsened by serum BNP (?=2.0, t=2.4, P=0.03), calcium (?=4.4, t=5.2, P<0.0001), and ?2-microglobulin (?=2.0, t=3.0, P=0.007), while it was eased by age (?=-2.2, t=-3.2, P=0.0004). Nocturnal pruritus was severe in nondiabetic patients (?=1.7, t=3.8, P=0.0005) and weakened by the total iron binding capacity (?=-2.9, t=-3.1, P=0.004). CONCLUSION: It is suggested that a higher level of serum BNP increases the pruritus of hemodialysis patients in daytime and that diabetic patients are less sensitive to itch, especially at nighttime.

SUBMITTER: Shimizu Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4149441 | biostudies-other | 2014

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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B-type (brain) natriuretic peptide and pruritus in hemodialysis patients.

Shimizu Yoshio Y Sonoda Ayano A Nogi Chieko C Ogushi Yoko Y Kanda Reo R Yamaguchi Saori S Nohara Nao N Aoki Tatsuya T Yamada Kaori K Nakata Junichiro J Io Hiroaki H Kurusu Atsushi A Hamada Chieko C Horikoshi Satoshi S Tomino Yasuhiko Y

International journal of nephrology and renovascular disease 20140825

<h4>Introduction and objective</h4>While pruritus is a common complication in hemodialysis patients, the pathophysiological mechanisms remain obscure. Recently, B-type (brain) natriuretic peptide (BNP) has been defined as an itch-selective neuropeptide in pruriceptive neurons in mice, and higher serum levels of BNP are frequently observed in hemodialysis patients. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the role of serum BNP in pruritus in patients undergoing hemodialysis.<h4>Patients ...[more]

PMID: 25187733

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Project description:IntroductionFluid management in hemodialysis patients is a controversial topic. Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is secreted from the heart in response to volume overload, and may be a marker of overhydration in hemodialysis patients. Our aim was to investigate the correlation between BNP and overhydration in a cohort of hemodialysis patients, and to find out whether BNP and overhydration correlate in repeated measurements within individuals with elevated BNP.MethodsThe study was prospective, observational, and had a cross-sectional part and a longitudinal follow-up. The distribution of BNP was investigated in a cohort of 64 hemodialysis patients. Blood samples and bioimpedance spectroscopy measurements were performed before midweek dialysis. Subsequently, 11 study participants with elevated BNP concentrations (>500?pg/mL) were assessed in another nine dialysis sessions each. These individuals also had their cardiac function and heart rate variability (HRV) examined.FindingsBNP was above 500?pg/mL in 38% of the participants, and correlated positively with overhydration (rs =?0.381), inflammation and malnutrition, but not with systolic blood pressure. In comparison to participants with BNP below 500?pg/mL, participants with elevated BNP were older, had lower muscle strength, lower bodyweight and lower levels of hemoglobin and albumin. Echocardiography revealed cardiac anomalies in all 11 participants in the longitudinal follow-up, and HRV, as measured by SDNN, was pathologically low. In repeated measurements, the between-individuals variation of BNP in relation to overhydration was greater (SD?=?0.581) than the within-person variation (SD?=?0.285).DiscussionBNP correlates positively to overhydration, malnutrition, and inflammation. In a subgroup of patients with elevated BNP, who are mainly elderly and frail, BNP reflects individual variation in hydration status, and hence seems to be a modifiable marker of overhydration. These data suggest that BNP is best applied for measuring changes in hydration status within an individual over time.

Project description:BackgroundNatriuretic peptides have been proposed as biomarkers of cardiovascular disease, especially heart failure. Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) has also been shown to be upregulated at the transcriptional and translational levels by pro-inflammatory cytokines in cardiac myocytes. Although we often measure plasma BNP levels in cancer patients, it remains unknown whether cancer-related inflammation affects the plasma BNP levels. We investigated the relationship between the BNP and human cancers.MethodsWe retrospectively studied 2,923 patients in whom the plasma BNP levels and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured and echocardiography was performed. Patients with clinically evident heart failure (NYHA II or higher), heart disease requiring medical treatment or surgery, renal dysfunction, and inflammatory disease were excluded. There were 234 patients in the final analysis. Blood sampling was performed before surgery and chemotherapy. In addition, we evaluated the relationship between the inflammation and plasma BNP levels in mouse models of colon cancer.ResultsOf the 234 patients, 80 were diagnosed with cancer. Both the plasma BNP and serum CRP levels were significantly higher in cancer patients than those without. There were no significant differences in the echocardiographic parameters. There was a significant positive correlation between the plasma BNP and serum CRP levels in cancer patients (r = 0.360, P<0.01) but not in those without. In cancer patients, only the CRP correlated with the BNP independent of the age, creatinine level, hypertension, and body mass index. In addition, in nude mice with subcutaneous colon cancer, the plasma BNP level was elevated compared with that in non-cancer mice, and there was a significant relationship between the plasma BNP and serum levels of the inflammatory markers.ConclusionsIn cancer patients, as well as colon cancer model mice, the plasma BNP levels were elevated, possibly due to cancer-related inflammation. The effect of cancer on the BNP levels should be considered when using BNP as an indicator of heart failure in cancer patients.

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B-type (brain) natriuretic peptide and pruritus in hemodialysis patients.

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B-type (brain) natriuretic peptide and pruritus in hemodialysis patients.

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