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Closed-loop optical stabilization and digital image registration in adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy.

ABSTRACT: Eye motion is a major impediment to the efficient acquisition of high resolution retinal images with the adaptive optics (AO) scanning light ophthalmoscope (AOSLO). Here we demonstrate a solution to this problem by implementing both optical stabilization and digital image registration in an AOSLO. We replaced the slow scanning mirror with a two-axis tip/tilt mirror for the dual functions of slow scanning and optical stabilization. Closed-loop optical stabilization reduced the amplitude of eye-movement related-image motion by a factor of 10-15. The residual RMS error after optical stabilization alone was on the order of the size of foveal cones: ~1.66-2.56 μm or ~0.34-0.53 arcmin with typical fixational eye motion for normal observers. The full implementation, with real-time digital image registration, corrected the residual eye motion after optical stabilization with an accuracy of ~0.20-0.25 μm or ~0.04-0.05 arcmin RMS, which to our knowledge is more accurate than any method previously reported.

SUBMITTER: Yang Q

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4230869 | biostudies-other | 2014 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Image quality improvement in adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy assisted capillary visualization using B-spline-based elastic image registration.

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| S-EPMC3827159 | biostudies-literature

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| S-EPMC6825599 | biostudies-literature

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| S-EPMC4600048 | biostudies-literature

Characterization of In Vivo Retinal Lesions of Diabetic Retinopathy Using Adaptive Optics Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy.

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| S-EPMC5954931 | biostudies-literature

Optical Coherence Tomography Artifacts Are Associated With Adaptive Optics Scanning Light Ophthalmoscopy Success in Achromatopsia.

Project description:PurposeTo determine whether artifacts in optical coherence tomography (OCT) images are associated with the success or failure of adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO) imaging in subjects with achromatopsia (ACHM).MethodsPreviously acquired OCT and non-confocal, split-detector AOSLO images from one eye of 66 subjects with genetically confirmed achromatopsia (15 CNGA3 and 51 CNGB3) were reviewed along with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and axial length. OCT artifacts in interpolated vertical volumes from CIRRUS macular cubes were divided into four categories: (1) none or minimal, (2) clear and low frequency, (3) low amplitude and high frequency, and (4) high amplitude and high frequency. Each vertical volume was assessed once by two observers. AOSLO success was defined as sufficient image quality in split-detector images at the fovea to assess cone quantity.ResultsThere was excellent agreement between the two observers for assessing OCT artifact severity category (weighted kappa = 0.88). Overall, AOSLO success was 47%. For subjects with OCT artifact severity category 1, AOSLO success was 65%; for category 2, 47%; for category 3, 11%; and for category 4, 0%. There was a significant association between OCT artifact severity category and AOSLO success (P = 0.0002). Neither BCVA nor axial length was associated with AOSLO success (P = 0.07 and P = 0.75, respectively).ConclusionsArtifacts in OCT volumes are associated with AOSLO success in ACHM. Subjects with less severe OCT artifacts are more likely to be good candidates for AOSLO imaging, whereas AOSLO was successful in only 7% of subjects with category 3 or 4 OCT artifacts. These results may be useful in guiding patient selection for AOSLO imaging.Translational relevanceUsing OCT to prescreen patients could be a valuable tool for clinical trials that utilize AOSLO to reduce costs and decrease patient testing burden.

| S-EPMC7804582 | biostudies-literature

Macular cone abnormalities in retinitis pigmentosa with preserved central vision using adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy.

Project description:PURPOSE: To assess macular photoreceptor abnormalities in eyes with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) with preserved central vision using adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AO-SLO). METHODS: Fourteen eyes of 14 patients with RP (best-corrected visual acuity 20/20 or better) and 12 eyes of 12 volunteers underwent a full ophthalmologic examination, fundus autofluorescence, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and imaging with a prototype AO-SLO system. Cone density and spatial organization of the cone mosaic were assessed using AO-SLO images. RESULTS: In 3 eyes with RP and preserved central vision, cones formed a mostly regular mosaic pattern with small patchy dark areas, and in 10 eyes, the cone mosaic patterns were less regular, and large dark regions with missing cones were apparent. Only one eye with RP demonstrated a normal, regular cone mosaic pattern. In eyes with RP, cone density was significantly lower at 0.5 mm and 1.0 mm from the center of the fovea compared to normal eyes (P<0.001 and 0.021, respectively). At 0.5 mm and 1.0 mm from the center of the fovea, a decreased number of cones had 6 neighbors in eyes with RP (P?=?0.002 for both). Greater decrease in cone density was related to disruption of the photoreceptor inner segment (IS) ellipsoid band on SD-OCT images (P?=?0.044); however, dark regions were seen on AO-SLO even in areas of continuous IS ellipsoid on SD-OCT. Decreased cone density correlated thinner outer nuclear layer (P?=?0.029) and thinner inner segment and outer segment thickness (P?=?0.011) on SD-OCT. CONCLUSIONS: Cone density is decreased and the regularity of the cone mosaic spatial arrangement is disrupted in eyes with RP, even when visual acuity and foveal sensitivity are good. AO-SLO imaging is a sensitive quantitative tool for detecting photoreceptor abnormalities in eyes with RP.

| S-EPMC3834127 | biostudies-literature

Imaging of vascular wall fine structure in the human retina using adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy.

Project description:PurposeTo improve the ability to image the vascular walls in the living human retina using multiply-scattered light imaging with an adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope (AOSLO).MethodsIn vivo arteriolar wall imaging was performed on eight healthy subjects using the Indiana AOSLO. Noninvasive imaging of vascular mural cells and wall structure were performed using systematic control of the position of a 10× Airy disk confocal aperture. Retinal arteries and arterioles were divided into four groups based on their lumen diameters (group 1: ?100 ?m; group 2: 50-99 ?m; group 3: 10-49 ?m; group 4: <10 ?m).ResultsFine structure of retinal vasculature and scattering behavior of erythrocytes were clearly visualized in all eight subjects. In group 1 vessels the mural cells were flatter and formed the outer layer of regularly spaced cells of a two (or more) layered vascular wall. In the vessels of groups 2 and 3, mural cells were visualized as distinct cells lying along the lumen of the blood vessel, resulting in a wall of irregular thickness. Vascular wall components were not readily identified in group 4 vessels.ConclusionsOur results show that retinal vascular mural cells and wall structure can be readily resolved in healthy subjects using AOSLO with multiply scattered light imaging for retinal vessels with a lumen diameter greater than or equal to 10 ?m. Our noninvasive imaging approach allows direct assessment of the cellular structure of the vascular wall in vivo with potential applications in retinal vascular diseases such as diabetes and hypertension.

| S-EPMC3813321 | biostudies-literature

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