Dataset Information

Looking for adaptive footprints in the HSP90AA1 ovine gene.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Climatic factors play an important role in determining species distributions and phenotypic variation of populations over geographic space. Since domestic sheep is managed under low intensive systems animals could have retained some genome adaptive footprints. The gene encoding the Hsp90? has been extensively studied in sheep and some polymorphisms located at its promoter have been associates with differences in the transcription rate of the gene depending on climatic conditions. In this work the relationships among the distribution and frequencies of 11 polymorphisms of the ovine HSP90AA1 gene promoter in 31 sheep breeds and the climatic and geographic variables prevailing in their regions of origin have been studied. Also the promoter sequence has been characterized in 9 species of the Caprinae subfamily. RESULTS:Correlations among several climatic variables and allele frequencies of the polymorphisms of the HSP90AA1 gene promoter linked with differences in the transcription activity of the gene under heat stress conditions have been assessed. A group of breeds reared in semi dry climates have high frequencies of the insertion allele of the g.667-668insC associated with the heat stress response. Other group of breeds native to semi arid conditions showed very low frequencies of this same allele. However, in some cases, this previous correlation has not been achieved, revealing the high levels of gene flow among populations occurred following domestication. The Bayesian Test of Beaumont and Balding identified two outlier loci, the g.522A?>?G and g.703_704del(2)A candidates to balancing and directional selection, respectively. Polymorphisms detected in O. aries are also present in several species of the Caprinae subfamily being C. hircus, O. musimon and O. moschatus those sharing the highest number of them with O. aries. CONCLUSIONS:Despite domestication, sheep breeds showed some genetic footprints related to climatic variables. Adaptation of breeds to heat climates can suppose a selective advantage to cope with global warming caused by climatic change. Polymorphisms of the HSP90AA1 gene detected in the Ovis aries species are also present in wild species from the Caprinae subfamily, indicating a great antiquity of these mutations and its importance in the adaptation of species to past climatic conditions existing in its native environments.

SUBMITTER: Salces-Ortiz J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4351680 | biostudies-other | 2015 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Looking for adaptive footprints in the HSP90AA1 ovine gene.

Salces-Ortiz Judit J González Carmen C Martínez Marta M Mayoral Tomás T Calvo Jorge H JH Serrano M Magdalena MM

BMC evolutionary biology 20150204

<h4>Background</h4>Climatic factors play an important role in determining species distributions and phenotypic variation of populations over geographic space. Since domestic sheep is managed under low intensive systems animals could have retained some genome adaptive footprints. The gene encoding the Hsp90α has been extensively studied in sheep and some polymorphisms located at its promoter have been associates with differences in the transcription rate of the gene depending on climatic conditio ...[more]

PMID: 25648535

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Project description:Crop-wild introgressions have long been exploited without knowing the favorable recombination points. Synthetic hexaploid wheats are one of the most exploited genetic resources for bread wheat improvement. However, despite some QTL with major effects, much less is known about genome-wide patterns of introgressions and their effects on phenotypes. We used two genome-wide association approaches: SNP-GWAS and haplotype-GWAS to identify SNPs and haplotypes associated with productivity under water-limited conditions in a synthetic-derived wheat (SYN-DER) population. Haplotype-GWAS further enriched and identified 20 more genomic regions associated with drought adaptability that did not overlap with SNP-GWAS. Since GWAS is biased to the phenotypes in the study and may fail to detect important genetic diversity during breeding, we used five complementary analytical approaches (t-test, Tajima's D, nucleotide diversity (π), Fst, and EigenGWAS) to identify divergent selections in SYN-DER compared to modern bread wheat. These approaches consistently pinpointed 89 'selective sweeps', out of which 30 selection loci were identified on D-genome. These key selections co-localized with important functional genes of adaptive traits such as TaElf3-D1 (1D) for earliness per se (Eps), TaCKX-D1 (3D), TaGS1a (6D) and TaGS-D1 (7D) for grain size, weight and morphology, TaCwi-D1 (5D) influencing drought tolerance, and Vrn-D3 (7D) for vernalization. Furthermore, 55 SNPs and 23 haplotypes of agronomic and physiological importance such as grain yield, relative water content and thousand grain weight in SYN-DER, were among the top 5% of divergent selections contributed by synthetic hexaploid wheats. These divergent selections associated with improved agronomic performance carry new alleles that have been introduced to wheat. Our results demonstrated that GWAS and selection sweep analyses are powerful approaches for investigating favorable introgressions under strong selection pressure and the use of crop-wild hybridization to assist the improvement of wheat yield and productivity under moisture limiting environments.

Dataset Information

Looking for adaptive footprints in the HSP90AA1 ovine gene.

Publications

Looking for adaptive footprints in the HSP90AA1 ovine gene.

Similar Datasets

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