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The prevalence of COPD co-morbidities in Serbia: results of a national survey.

ABSTRACT: Research studies have found different prevalence rates for co-morbidities in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).The aim of our study was to investigate the prevalence of co-morbidities as well as functional limitations in subjects with COPD.The study was based on a nationally representative sample of the population of Serbia. Information on the health of the population was obtained from interviews and anthropometric measurements. In this study we analysed a total of 10,013 respondents aged 40 years or older. There were 653 subjects with COPD and 9,360 respondents without COPD.Out of the 10,013 respondents, 5,377 were aged 40-59 years and 4,636 were 60 years or older. The prevalence of COPD was 5.0% in respondents aged 40-59 years and 8.3% in those aged 60 years or older; the total prevalence was 6.5%. The most prevalent co-morbidities among respondents with COPD were hypertension (54.5%) and dyslipidaemia (26.5%). The prevalence of all analysed co-morbidities was higher in respondents with COPD and the difference was highly statistically significant, except for stroke and malignancies, for which the difference was significant. Analysis showed that respondents with COPD had a higher prevalence of all analysed clinical factors (dizziness, obesity, anaemia and frailty) and functional impairments (mobility and hearing and visual impairment) compared with respondents without COPD. For those aged 40-59 years the difference was highest for mobility difficulty (four times higher prevalence in COPD patients) and anaemia (three times higher in COPD patients).Our analysis showed that the most prevalent co-morbidities in COPD were hypertension, dyslipidaemia, chronic renal disease and anxiety/depression. The finding suggests that health professionals should actively assess co-morbidities in patients with COPD.

SUBMITTER: Nagorni-Obradovic LM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4373300 | biostudies-other | 2014

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Project description:ObjectivesWith the increasing burden of non-communicable diseases in low-income and middle-income countries, biological risk factors, such as hyperglycaemia, are a major public health concern in Bangladesh. Hyperglycaemia is an excess of glucose in the bloodstream and is often associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nationally representative data of hyperglycaemia prevalence starting from age ≥18 years are currently unavailable for Bangladeshi adults. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and determinants of hyperglycaemia among adults in Bangladesh aged ≥18 years.Study designCross-sectional, population-based study.Setting and participantsData for this analysis were collected in November to December 2015, from a population-based nationally representative sample of 1843 adults, aged ≥18 years, from both urban and rural areas of Bangladesh. Demographic information, capillary blood glucose, blood pressure, height, weight, waist circumference and treatment history were recorded.Primary outcome measuresHyperglycaemia was defined as a random capillary blood glucose level of ≥11.1 mmol/L (ie, in the diabetic range) or currently taking medication to control type 2 diabetes, based on self-report.ResultsOverall, the prevalence of hyperglycaemia was 5.5% (95% CI 4.5% to 6.6%) and was significantly higher among urban (9.8%, 95% CI 7.7% to 12.2%) than rural residents (2.8%, 95% CI 1.9% to 3.9%). The age-standardised prevalence of hyperglycaemia was 5.6% (95% CI 4.6% to 6.8%). Among both urban and rural residents, the associated determinants of hyperglycaemia included hypertension and abdominal obesity. About 5% of the total population self-reported have been previously diagnosed with type 2 diabetes; among these adults, over 25% were not taking medications to control their diabetes.ConclusionsOur study found that about 1 in 20 Bangladeshi adults aged ≥18 years have hyperglycaemia. To control and prevent the development of type 2 diabetes, data from this study can be used to inform public health programming and provide descriptive information on surveillance of progress towards controlling diabetes in Bangladesh.

Project description:BackgroundLibya is one of the largest countries in Africa and has the longest coast in the Mediterranean basin facing southern Europe. High rates of prevalence of viral hepatitis have been observed in various regions in Africa, but the prevalence in Libya is not well documented. We report on a large-scale nationwide study that evaluated the epidemiology of hepatitis B and hepatitis C in Libya and assessed the risk factors involved.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out in 2008 on 65,761 individuals all over Libya. The country was divided into 12 regions according to the population density and sampling within each region was carried out under the supervision of the National Centre for Prevention of Infectious Diseases. Serum samples were collected from both males and females of all ages in both urban and rural areas and tested for HBsAg for hepatitis B and anti-HCV antibody for hepatitis C. Prevalence rates were determined in regions and in different groups and correlated with different demographic and risk factors involved in the spread of these viruses.ResultsThe prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses varied regionally across the country. The overall prevalence of hepatitis B was 2.2% (95% CI 2.1%-2.3%) and was higher among males than females (1.4:1.0). Hepatitis C virus (HCV) prevalence was 1.2% (95% CI 1.1-1.3) and it increased gradually after the age of 30 years (0.7-0.9% for < 30 years; 3.6% for ≥ 60 years). Prevalence of HBsAg was 0.8-0.9% below the age of 10 years, and higher but similar in older age groups (2.3-2.7%). There was an association between literacy and prevalence of hepatitis, particularly for HCV. Hospital admission, surgical operation, blood transfusion, and intravenous drug use were the main risk factors, and they were associated independently with a higher prevalence rate of viral hepatitis.ConclusionsLibya may be considered an area of low-intermediate endemicity for hepatitis B virus infection, with lower rates in young age groups, and an area of low endemicity for hepatitis C. The prevalence of hepatitis B and C across Libya is not homogeneous, with indications of the effect of the higher rates in some neighbouring countries. Libya should adopt full coverage national plans and guidelines to face the future consequences of viral hepatitis, particularly hepatitis C virus.

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The prevalence of COPD co-morbidities in Serbia: results of a national survey.

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