Dataset Information

Serum Galectin-9 Levels Are Associated with Coronary Artery Disease in Chinese Individuals.

ABSTRACT: Recently, several studies suggest that galectin-9 (Gal-9) might play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. However, the exact role of Gal-9 in atherosclerosis remains to be elucidated.Serum Gal-9, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interferon- (IFN-) ?, interleukin- (IL-) 4, IL-17, and transforming growth factor- (TGF-) ?1 were measured. The effect of Gal-9 on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was investigated in patients with normal coronary artery (NCA).The lowest level of Gal-9 was found in the ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) group, followed by the non-ST-segment elevation ACS (NSTEACS), the NCA, and the stable angina pectoris (SAP) groups, respectively. Additionally, Gal-9 was found to be independently associated with hs-CRP, lipoprotein(a), and creatinine. Notably, Gal-9 was also noted to be an independent predictor of the Gensini score. Moreover, Gal-9 suppressed T-helper 17 (Th17) and expanded regulatory T cells (Tregs), resulting in decreased IL-17 production and increased secretion of TGF-?1.Serum Gal-9 is associated with not only coronary artery disease (CAD), but also the severity of coronary arteries stenosis. Gal-9 can expand Tregs and suppress Th17 development in activated PBMC, implying that Gal-9 has the potential to dampen the development of atherosclerosis and may be a new therapy for CAD.

SUBMITTER: Zhu R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4667018 | biostudies-other | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Serum Galectin-9 Levels Are Associated with Coronary Artery Disease in Chinese Individuals.

Zhu Ruirui R Liu Cheng C Tang Hongxia H Zeng Qiutang Q Wang Xiang X Zhu Zhengfeng Z Liu Yuzhou Y Mao Xiaobo X Zhong Yucheng Y

Mediators of inflammation 20151118

<h4>Background</h4>Recently, several studies suggest that galectin-9 (Gal-9) might play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. However, the exact role of Gal-9 in atherosclerosis remains to be elucidated.<h4>Methods</h4>Serum Gal-9, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interferon- (IFN-) γ, interleukin- (IL-) 4, IL-17, and transforming growth factor- (TGF-) β1 were measured. The effect of Gal-9 on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was investigated in patients ...[more]

PMID: 26663989

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Project description:BackgroundThe relationship between galectin-3 (Gal-3) and coronary artery disease (CAD) has not been fully elucidated.AimThis study aimed to determine the relationship between the presence and severity of CAD and serum Gal-3 levels.Patients and methodsThree-hundred thirty-one consecutive CAD patients were enrolled as the study group. An additional 62 patients without CAD were enrolled as the control group. Serum Gal-3 levels were separately compared between the non-CAD and CAD groups, among the stable CAD and Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) groups, and between CAD patients with low and high SYNTAX scores (SSs). The 1-year cumulative rate of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) was also compared among ACS patients by Gal-3 levels.ResultsSerum Gal-3 was significantly higher in the CAD group than in the non-CAD group 3.89 (0.16-63.67) vs. 2.07 (0.23-9.38) ng/ml, P < 0.001. Furthermore, serum Gal-3 was significantly higher in the non-ST-segment elevation ACS (NSTE-ACS) group than that in the stable CAD group, 4.72 (1.0-16.14) vs. 2.23 (0.65-23.8) ng/ml, P = 0.04 and higher in the ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) group than that in the stable CAD group 7.87 (0.59-63.67) vs. 2.23 (0.65-23.8) ng/ml, P < 0.001. Serum Gal-3 level was an independent predictor of ACS compared with stable CAD group (OR = 1.131, 95% CI: 1.051-1.217, P = 0.001) as well as high SS (OR = 1.030, 95% CI: 1.021-1.047, P = 0.038) after adjust other confounding risk factors. Acute coronary syndrome patients with Gal-3 levels above the median (gal-3 = 4.78 ng/ml) showed a higher cumulative MACE rate than those with Gal-3 levels below the median. After adjusting other confounding risk factors, Gal-3 remained an independent risk factor for the cumulative rate of MACEs in ACS patients (6% higher rate of MACEs incidence per 1 ng/ml increment of Gal-3).ConclusionGalectin-3 correlated with the presence of CAD as well as coronary stability and complexity. Galectin-3 may be valuable in predicting mid-term prognosis in ACS patients.

Project description:Coronary artery disease (CAD), the leading cause of morbidity and mortality, has imposed huge health and economic burdens globally. Zinc-?2-glycoprotein (ZAG) is a novel adipokine. Increasing evidence suggests the close relationship between serum ZAG levels and various cardiometabolic risk factors. However, the relationship between serum ZAG levels and CAD is still not fully clarified. We conducted this study to evaluate serum ZAG levels and its association with cardiovascular risk factors. A total of 129 patients with CAD, 99 patients with noncoronary artery disease (NCAD), and 121 controls were recruited in this retrospective study. CAD (coronary artery stenosis ?50%) or NCAD (coronary artery stenosis <50%) patients who underwent coronary angiography were diagnosed according to the American Heart Association criteria. Serum ZAG levels were determined via commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. The results showed that serum ZAG levels in CAD and NCAD groups were significantly decreased when compared with those in the control group. Multiple stepwise regression analysis revealed that the grouping variable (control, NCAD, and CAD) was an independent determinant of serum ZAG levels (??=?-0.328, P < 0.001) after controlling other confounding factors. Further multivariate ordinary logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the risk of grouping at one level higher in subjects with the lowest tertile of ZAG levels was 2.28-fold higher than those with the highest tertile levels (OR?=?3.281, 95% CI 1.782-6.038, P < 0.001). The receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that serum ZAG could distinguish CAD patients (AUC?=?0.706, 95% CI, 0.643-0.770, P < 0.05), NCAD patients (AUC?=?0.673, 95% CI, 0.602-0.743, P < 0.05), and NCAD and CAD patients (AUC?=?0.692, 95% CI, 0.633-0.750, P < 0.05) from controls. In conclusion, serum ZAG levels were significantly decreased in NCAD/CAD patients. The decreased serum ZAG levels were independently associated with the presence of NCAD/CAD. ZAG might serve as a candidate diagnostic biomarker for NCAD/CAD.

Project description:BackgroundThe relationship between CYP19A1 genetic polymorphisms and coronary artery disease (CAD) remains unclear. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the association of CYP19A1 genetic polymorphisms with CAD in Han and Uygur populations and to characterize the association between the levels of sex hormones and aromatase with single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CYP19A1 genes in Chinese women.ResultsThere were significant differences in the genotype distributions of rs2236722 and rs4646 between CAD patients and control subjects in the Uygur population. The rs4646 was found to be associated with CAD in the dominant model (CC vs. CA + AA) and the additive model (CA vs. CC + AA) (both P ≤ 0.001). The difference remained statistically significant after multivariate adjustment (OR = 0.483, 95% CI: 0.338-0.690, P = 0.000; and OR = 1.844, 95% CI: 1.300-2.617, P = 0.001, respectively). In normal Uygur postmenopausal women, there were significant differences in the genotype distributions of rs4646 and the circulating hormone and aromatase levels between CAD patients and control subjects. The differences in estradiol and aromatase levels remained statistically significant after multivariate adjustment (OR = 0.889, 95% CI: 0.817-0.969, P = 0.007; and OR = 0.947, 95% CI: 0.936-0.957, P = 0.000, respectively). Additionally, there were differences in sex hormone levels between the different ethnicities among the Xinjiang Chinese population.Materials and methodsAmong a total of 1,064 Han individuals (614 men and 450 women) and 790 Uygur individuals (484 men and 306 women), 498 postmenopausal women (265 Han and 233 Uygur individuals) were selected. Four SNPs (rs2236722, rs2304463, rs4646, and rs4275794) were genotyped using the improved multiplex ligation detection reaction (iMLDR) technique. The estradiol and testosterone levels were determined using a radioimmunoassay based on GC-2016γ. In addition, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to determine the serum P450 aromatase levels.ConclusionsThe results of this study indicate that the rs2236722 and rs4646 of the CYP19A1 gene are associated with CAD and circulating sex hormone levels in the Xinjiang population of China.

Project description:Background Elevated levels of serum homocysteine, via impaired nitric oxide production, and coronary microvascular dysfunction are associated with increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events. However, whether serum homocysteine levels and coronary microvascular endothelial dysfunction (CMED) are linked remains unknown. Methods and Results This study included 1418 patients with chest pain or an abnormal functional stress test and with nonobstructive coronary artery disease (<40% angiographic stenosis), who underwent CMED evaluation with functional angiography and had serum homocysteine levels measured. Patients were classified as having normal microvascular function versus CMED. Patients in the CMED group (n=743; 52%) had higher mean age (52.1±12.2 versus 50.0±12.4 years; P<0.0001), higher body mass index (29.1 [25.0-32.8] versus 27.5 [24.2-32.4]; P=0.001), diabetes mellitus (12.5% versus 9.4%; P=0.03), and fewer women (63.5% versus 68.7%; P=0.04) compared with patients in the normal microvascular function group. However, they had lower rates of smoking history, and mildly lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Serum homocysteine levels were significantly higher in patients with CMED, and the highest quartile of serum homocysteine level (>9 µmol/L) was an independent predictor of CMED (odds ratio, 1.34 [95% CI, 1.03-1.75]; P=0.03) after adjustment for age; sex; body mass index; chronic kidney disease (CKD); diabetes mellitus; smoking exposure; low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides; and aspirin, statin, and B vitamin use. Conclusions Patients with CMED have significantly higher levels of serum homocysteine. Elevated serum homocysteine levels were associated with a significantly increased odds of an invasive diagnosis of CMED. The current study supports a potential role for homocysteine for diagnosis and target treatment in the patients with early coronary atherosclerosis.

Dataset Information

Serum Galectin-9 Levels Are Associated with Coronary Artery Disease in Chinese Individuals.

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Serum Galectin-9 Levels Are Associated with Coronary Artery Disease in Chinese Individuals.

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