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Manual, In situ, Real-Time Nanofabrication using Cracking through Indentation.

ABSTRACT: Nanofabrication has seen an increasing demand for applications in many fields of science and technology, but its production still requires relatively difficult, time-consuming, and expensive processes. Here we report a simple but very effective one dimensional (1D) nano-patterning technology that suggests a new nanofabrication method. This new technique involves the control of naturally propagating cracks initiated through simple, manually generated indentation, obviating the necessity of complicated equipment and elaborate experimental environments such as those that employ clean rooms, high vacuums, and the fastidious maintenance of processing temperatures. The channel fabricated with this technique can be as narrow as 10?nm with unlimited length and very high cross-sectional aspect ratio, an accomplishment difficult even for a state-of-the-art technology such as e-beam lithography. More interestingly, the fabrication speed can be controlled and achieved to as little as several hundred micrometers per second. Along with the simplicity and real-time fabrication capability of the technique, this tunable fabrication speed makes the method introduced here the authentic nanofabrication for in situ experiments.

SUBMITTER: Nam KH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4698748 | biostudies-other | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Manual, In situ, Real-Time Nanofabrication using Cracking through Indentation.

Nam Koo Hyun KH Suh Young D YD Yeo Junyeob J Woo Deokha D

Scientific reports 20160104

Nanofabrication has seen an increasing demand for applications in many fields of science and technology, but its production still requires relatively difficult, time-consuming, and expensive processes. Here we report a simple but very effective one dimensional (1D) nano-patterning technology that suggests a new nanofabrication method. This new technique involves the control of naturally propagating cracks initiated through simple, manually generated indentation, obviating the necessity of compli ...[more]

PMID: 26725520

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Project description:Nanoparticles that respond to specific endogenous or exogenous stimuli in tumor tissues are actively being developed to address multidrug resistance owing to multiple advantages, including a prolonged circulation time, enhanced permeability and retention effect, and superior cellular uptake. Although some exciting results have been obtained, existing nanoparticles have limited routes to overcome the drug resistance of tumor cells; this limitation results in a failure to ablate resistant tumors via intravenous administration. To resolve this dilemma, we developed a smart theranostic nanoplatform with programmable particle size, activatable target ligands and in vivo multimodal imaging. This nanoplatform, which includes stealth zwitterionic coating, was shown to be quickly trapped in tumor tissue from the blood circulation within 5 min. Subsequently, the targeting moieties were activated in response to the acidic tumor microenvironment by triggering the zwitterionic shell detachment, driving the peeled nanoparticles to penetrate into tumor cells. These smart nanoparticles completely inhibited drug-resistant tumor growth and did not cause any damage to normal organ tissues in live animals. The designed nanoplatforms simultaneously acted as a nanoprobe for fluorescence imaging. Moreover, we also used noninvasive pharmacokinetic diffuse fluorescence tomography (DFT) to dynamically monitor and in situ real-time trace the nanoplatforms' behavior throughout the entire tumor in live animals. The nanoplatforms enabled rapid drug accumulation and deep penetration throughout the entire tumor. The rate of drug accumulation after the administration of nanoplatforms was five-fold higher compared with that after the administration of the free drug, which resulted in increased drug delivery efficiency and improved antitumor efficacy. Collectively, this hierarchical vehicle design provides promising insights for the development of theragnosis for multidrug resistant tumors.

Dataset Information

Manual, In situ, Real-Time Nanofabrication using Cracking through Indentation.

Publications

Manual, In situ, Real-Time Nanofabrication using Cracking through Indentation.

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