Dataset Information

Surgical Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal Tract and Its Vasculature in the Laboratory Rat.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to describe and illustrate the morphology of the stomach, liver, intestine, and their vasculature to support the planning of surgical therapeutic methods in abdominal cavity. On adult Wistar rats corrosion casts were prepared from the arterial system and Duracryl Dental and PUR SP were used as a casting medium and was performed macroscopic anatomical dissection of the stomach, liver, and intestine was performed. The rat stomach was a large, semilunar shaped sac with composite lining. On the stomach was very marked fundus, which formed a blind sac (saccus cecus). The rat liver was divided into six lobes, but without gall bladder. Intestine of the rat was simple, but cecum had a shape as a stomach. The following variations were observed in the origin of the cranial mesenteric artery. On the corrosion cast specimens we noticed the presence of the anastomosis between middle colic artery (a. colica media) and left colic artery (a. colica sinistra). We investigated the second anastomosis between middle colic artery and left colic artery. The results of this study reveal that the functional anatomical relationship between the rat stomach, liver and intestine is important for the development of surgical research in human and veterinary medicine.

SUBMITTER: Vdoviakova K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4706906 | biostudies-other | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Surgical Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal Tract and Its Vasculature in the Laboratory Rat.

Vdoviaková Katarína K Petrovová Eva E Maloveská Marcela M Krešáková Lenka L Teleky Jana J Elias Mario Zefanias Joao MZ Petrášová Darina D

Gastroenterology research and practice 20151227

The aim of this study was to describe and illustrate the morphology of the stomach, liver, intestine, and their vasculature to support the planning of surgical therapeutic methods in abdominal cavity. On adult Wistar rats corrosion casts were prepared from the arterial system and Duracryl Dental and PUR SP were used as a casting medium and was performed macroscopic anatomical dissection of the stomach, liver, and intestine was performed. The rat stomach was a large, semilunar shaped sac with com ...[more]

PMID: 26819602

Similar Datasets

Project description:Background: The molecular basis of segment specific epithelial functions of the stomach and bowel has not been established. Regionally unique molecular properties of epithelial cells can be identified using cell-specific gene expression in each epithelial region by comparative mRNA analysis. Aim: To describe segment-specific epithelial mRNA content by comparative mRNA analysis of purified epithelial cell suspensions of stomach, small and large bowel. Results: 12% of all annotated genes show segment specific enrichment. The gastric (>3000 genes) and ileal (519 genes) mucosa show the most diverse expression profile. (a) Stomach: The gastric mucosa expresses the machinery for acid secretion, digestive enzyme release, and hormone release by gastric enteroendocrine cells. Associated with acid secretion is a specific set of K+, Cl-, and bicarbonate channels. Novel is a pathway for glucose and fatty acid sensing, iodine and glutamate uptake, and taurine synthesis. Specific sets of transcription factors control epithelial (Barx1, Runx) and enteroendocrine (FoxA2/N4) cell differentiation. (b) Small Bowel: This epithelium expresses genes coding for a unique fructose/glucose uptake and utilization mechanism. Enteroendocrine signalling to the gastric function is present. The upper portion expresses genes for iron uptake, bicarbonate secretion, and detoxification of food contents. Epithelial differentiation is transcriptionally controlled by Meis2/Pdx1 and Onecut 2. Expression of digestive enzymes, lipid/bile acid uptake and utilization increases distally. The ileal epithelium is also involved in innate and acquired immune defence, regulation of motility, and electrolyte and water re-absorption. Transcriptional regulation of enterocyte and goblet cell differentiation is mainly controlled by increasing expression of Cdx1 and 2. (c) Colon: This epithelium is mainly involved in Ca++-, K+, and water re-absorption, fatty acid uptake and sensing, and innate and acquired immune defence. Epithelial differentiation is controlled by Hox transcription factors in addition to Cdx1/2. Conclusion: This regional survey of gene expression by the GI tract epithelium reveals unique epithelial properties, raising several important questions as to the role of the proteins encoded in gut physiology.

Project description:The chicken gastrointestinal tract (GIT) harbours a complex microbial community, involved in several physiological processes such as host immunomodulation and feed digestion. Other studies were already performed to define the chicken gut metagenome and its fecal metaproteome. For the first time, the present study analysed dietary effects on the protein inventory of the microbiota in crop and ceca of broilers. We performed quantitative label-free metaproteomics by using 1D-gel electrophoresis coupled with LC-MS/MS to identify the structural and functional changes triggered by diets supplied with varying amount of mineral phosphorus (P) and microbial phytase (MP). Phylogenetic assessment based on label-free quantification (LFQ) values of the proteins identified Lactobacillaceae as the major family in the crop section regardless of the diet, whereas proteins belonging to the family Veillonellaceae increased with the P supplementation. Within the ceca section, proteins of Bacteroidaceae were more abundant in the P-supplied diets, whereas proteins of Eubacteriaceae decreased with the P-addition. Proteins of the Ruminococcaceae increasedraised with the amount of MP while proteins of Lactobacillaceae werewas more abundant in the MP-lacking diets. Classification of the identified proteins into COGs and KEGG pathways underlined a diverse microbiota activity depending on the dietary regimen, indicating a thriving microbial community in the case of P and MP supplementation, and stressed microbial community when no P and MP were supplied. Insights oninto the identified KEGG pathways, as well as comparison between the GIT sections, dietary treatments, and the bacterial families encoding for the pathways of interest are provided. T) harbours a complex microbial community, involved in several physiological processes such as host immunomodulation and feed digestion. Other studies were already performed to define the chicken gut metagenome and its fecal metaproteome. For the first time, the present study analysed dietary effects on the protein inventory of the microbiota in crop and ceca of broilers. We performed quantitative label-free metaproteomics by using 1D-gel electrophoresis coupled with LC-MS/MS to identify the structural and functional changes triggered by diets supplied with varying amount of mineral phosphorus (P) and microbial phytase (MP). Phylogenetic assessment based on label-free quantification (LFQ) values of the proteins identified Lactobacillaceae as the major family in the crop section regardless of the diet, whereas proteins belonging to the family Veillonellaceae increased with the P supplementation. Within the ceca section, proteins of Bacteroidaceae were more abundant in the P-supplied diets, whereas proteins of Eubacteriaceae decreased with the P-addition. Proteins of the Ruminococcaceae increasedraised with the amount of MP while proteins of Lactobacillaceae werewas more abundant in the MP-lacking diets. Classification of the identified proteins into COGs and KEGG pathways underlined a diverse microbiota activity depending on the dietary regimen, indicating a thriving microbial community in the case of P and MP supplementation, and stressed microbial community when no P and MP were supplied. Insights oninto the identified KEGG pathways, as well as comparison between the GIT sections, dietary treatments, and the bacterial families encoding for the pathways of interest are provided.

Dataset Information

Surgical Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal Tract and Its Vasculature in the Laboratory Rat.

Publications

Surgical Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal Tract and Its Vasculature in the Laboratory Rat.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets