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Methadone-induced Damage to White Matter Integrity in Methadone Maintenance Patients: A Longitudinal Self-control DTI Study.

ABSTRACT: Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) can induce impairments in brain function and structure, despite its clinical effectiveness. However, the effect of chronic MMT on brain white matter (WM) is not fully known. Thirty-three MMT patients underwent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) twice - at the start of the study (Scan1) and one year later (Scan2). Tract-based spatial statistics were used to investigate changes in fractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivity (AD) and radial diffusivity (RD) between the two scans. The correlations between DTI indices and methadone consumption and neuropsychological status were analysed. We found significantly decreased FA, decreased AD and increased RD in Scan2 in extensive WM regions; overlapping regions were found in the left posterior limb and the retrolenticular part of internal capsule, superior and posterior corona radiata, bilateral external capsule and the right superior longitudinal fasciculus. In addition, the change of FA in the overlapping regions was positively correlated with the accumulated dosage of methadone use, the RD value in Scan2 and non-planning impulsiveness (NPI) measured at follow-up. The results suggest that methadone has damaging effects on WM integrity. The dose-dependent pattern and characteristics of the impairment may suggest new strategies for MMT.

SUBMITTER: Li W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4726264 | biostudies-other | 2016 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Brain white matter integrity in heroin addicts during methadone maintenance treatment is related to relapse propensity.

Project description:Cognitive deficits caused by heroin-induced white matter (WM) impairments hinder addicts' engagement in and benefit from treatment. The predictive value of WM integrity in heroin addicts during methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) for future relapse is unclear.Forty-eight MMT patients were given baseline diffusion tensor imaging scans and divided into heroin relapsers (HR, 25 cases) and abstainers (HA, 23 cases) according to the results of 6-month follow-up. Intergroup comparisons were performed for fractional anisotropy (FA), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity (AD). The correlation between diffusion tensor imaging indices and the degree of heroin relapse was analyzed.Compared with HA group, HR group had reduced FA in the right retrolenticular part, left anterior and posterior limb of internal capsule, bilateral anterior corona radiata, and right external capsule. Three out of the six regions showed increased RD, with no changes in AD. The FA and AD values in the left posterior limb of internal capsule correlated negatively with the heroin-positive urinalysis rate within follow-up.Lower WM integrity in MMT patients may add to neurobiological factors associated with relapse to heroin use. Strategies for improving WM integrity provide a new perspective to prevent future relapse to heroin abuse.

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