Topical treatment with coenzyme Q10-containing formulas improves skin's Q10 level and provides antioxidative effects.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Knott A
PROVIDER: S-EPMC4737275 | biostudies-other | 2015 Nov-Dec
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
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Project description:The aim of this study was to develop a coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) microemulsion system with improved solubility, penetration, and wound healing efficacy. Based on the pseudo-ternary diagram, microemulsions containing isopropyl myristate (IPM), Cremophor EL®, and Transcutol® HP were selected and confirmed to be nanosized (<20 nm) and thermodynamically stable based on the dilution and thermodynamic stability tests. The CoQ10-loaded microemulsion with a surfactant/co-surfactant (S/CoS) ratio of 2:1 (w/w %) demonstrated a higher permeation efficacy compared to microemulsions with S/CoS ratio of 3:1 or 4:1 (w/w %). Additionally, the CoQ10-loaded microemulsion with an S/CoS ratio of 2:1 demonstrated a relatively rapid wound healing effect in keratinocytes and fibroblasts. Overall, these data suggest that a microemulsion based on IPM, Cremophor EL®, and Transcutol® HP could be an effective vehicle for the topical administration of CoQ10 and could be utilized for the application of other therapeutic agents that have difficulty in penetrating the skin.
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Project description:For a number of years, coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) was known for its key role in mitochondrial bioenergetics; later studies demonstrated its presence in other subcellular fractions and in blood plasma, and extensively investigated its antioxidant role. These 2 functions constitute the basis for supporting the clinical use of CoQ10. Also, at the inner mitochondrial membrane level, CoQ10 is recognized as an obligatory cofactor for the function of uncoupling proteins and a modulator of the mitochondrial transition pore. Furthermore, recent data indicate that CoQ10 affects the expression of genes involved in human cell signaling, metabolism and transport, and some of the effects of CoQ10 supplementation may be due to this property. CoQ10 deficiencies are due to autosomal recessive mutations, mitochondrial diseases, aging-related oxidative stress and carcinogenesis processes, and also statin treatment. Many neurodegenerative disorders, diabetes, cancer, and muscular and cardiovascular diseases have been associated with low CoQ10 levels as well as different ataxias and encephalomyopathies. CoQ10 treatment does not cause serious adverse effects in humans and new formulations have been developed that increase CoQ10 absorption and tissue distribution. Oral administration of CoQ10 is a frequent antioxidant strategy in many diseases that may provide a significant symptomatic benefit.
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Project description:Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ) treatment monitoring is a matter of debate since CoQ distribution from plasma to blood cells and tissues is not fully understood. We aimed to analyze the CoQ levels in a wide set of human biological samples (plasma, blood mononuclear cells (BMCs), platelets, urinary cells, and skeletal muscle) from a group of 11 healthy male runners before and after CoQ supplementation. The CoQ content in the different samples was analyzed by HPLC coupled to electrochemical detection. No significant differences were observed in the CoQ levels measured in the BMCs, platelets, and urine after the one-month treatment period. Plasma CoQ (expressed in absolute values and values relative to total cholesterol) significantly increased after CoQ supplementation (p = 0.003 in both cases), and the increase in CoQ in muscle approached significance (p = 0.074). CoQ levels were increased in the plasma of all supplemented subjects, and muscle CoQ levels were increased in 8 out of 10 supplemented subjects. In conclusion, the analysis of CoQ in plasma samples seems to be the best surrogate biomarker for CoQ treatment monitoring. Moreover, oral CoQ administration was effective for increasing muscle CoQ concentrations in most subjects.
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Project description:ObjectiveThe vascular benefits of statins might be attenuated by inhibition of coenzyme Q(10) (CoQ(10)) synthesis. We investigated whether oral CoQ(10) supplementation improves endothelial dysfunction in statin-treated type 2 diabetic patients.Research design and methodsIn a double-blind crossover study, 23 statin-treated type 2 diabetic patients with LDL cholesterol <2.5 mmol/l and endothelial dysfunction (brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation [FMD] <5.5%) were randomized to oral CoQ(10) (200 mg/day) or placebo for 12 weeks. We measured brachial artery FMD and nitrate-mediated dilatation (NMD) by ultrasonography. Plasma F(2)-isoprostane and 24-h urinary 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) levels were measured as systemic oxidative stress markers.ResultsCompared with placebo, CoQ(10) supplementation increased brachial artery FMD by 1.0 +/- 0.5% (P = 0.04), but did not alter NMD (P = 0.66). CoQ(10) supplementation also did not alter plasma F(2)-isoprostane (P = 0.58) or urinary 20-HETE levels (P = 0.28).ConclusionsCoQ(10) supplementation improved endothelial dysfunction in statin-treated type 2 diabetic patients, possibly by altering local vascular oxidative stress.
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Project description:Ubiquinone (coenzyme Q(10) or CoQ(10)) is a lipid-soluble component of virtually all cell membranes and has multiple metabolic functions. Deficiency of CoQ(10) (MIM 607426) has been associated with five different clinical presentations that suggest genetic heterogeneity, which may be related to the multiple steps in CoQ(10) biosynthesis. Patients with all forms of CoQ(10) deficiency have shown clinical improvements after initiating oral CoQ(10) supplementation. Thus, early diagnosis is of critical importance in the management of these patients. This year, the first molecular defect causing the infantile form of primary human CoQ(10) deficiency has been reported. The availability of genetic testing will allow for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease and early initiation of therapy (even presymptomatically in siblings of patients) in this otherwise life-threatening infantile encephalomyopathy.
| S-EPMC1832150 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundIn previous study, we found that coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) improved glucolipid profile in dyslipidemic individuals, but the mechanism is not yet clear. Adipokines have been demonstrated to be vital targets of metabolic diseases. The hypothesis that adipokines mediate the association of CoQ10 on glucolipid metabolism needs to be further studied in human.MethodsIn this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial, 101 dyslipidemic individuals were administrated to 120 mg CoQ10 or placebo for 24 weeks. Anthropometric parameters, glucolipid profile, serum total adiponectin, leptin, and resistin were evaluated at baseline, week 12 and week 24.ResultsCoQ10 treatment significantly increased serum adiponectin levels at week 12 (165 [0, 362] ng/mL, p < 0.001) and at week 24 (523 [0, 1056] ng/mL, p < 0.001]), which was significant different compared with placebo (p < 0.001). The increase of adiponectin was negative associated with decrease in index of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, r = - 0.465, p = 0.001), triglyceride (TG, r = - 0.297, p = 0.047), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c, r = - 0.440, p = 0.002) at week 24 only in CoQ10-treated group. Resistin was reduced by CoQ10 only at week 24 (- 1.19 [- 4.35, 0.00] ng/mL, p < 0.001), which was significant different compared with placebo (p < 0.001). Reduction of resistin was positively correlated with the change in HOMA-IR (r = 0.343, p = 0.021) and TG (r = 0.323, p = 0.030) at week 24 in CoQ10-treated group but not placebo group. Leptin was not influenced by CoQ10 treatment. Mediation analysis indicated that the improvement of HOMA-IR, TG and LDL-c by CoQ10 was mediated by adiponectin but not resistin.ConclusionsOur study shows that CoQ10 ameliorates glucolipid profile and adipokines dysfunction in dyslipidemic patients in 24 weeks' intervention. The beneficial effect of CoQ10 on glucolipid profile was mediated by adiponectin.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02407548. Registered on April 3, 2015, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02407548 .
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Project description:Gaucher disease (GD) is caused by mutations in the GBA1 gene, which encodes lysosomal ?-glucocerebrosidase. Homozygosity for the L444P mutation in GBA1 is associated with high risk of neurological manifestations which are not improved by enzyme replacement therapy. Alternatively, pharmacological chaperones (PCs) capable of restoring the correct folding and trafficking of the mutant enzyme represent promising alternative therapies.Here, we report on how the L444P mutation affects mitochondrial function in primary fibroblast derived from GD patients. Mitochondrial dysfunction was associated with reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitophagy activation and impaired autophagic flux.Both abnormalities, mitochondrial dysfunction and deficient ?-glucocerebrosidase activity, were partially restored by supplementation with coenzyme Q10 (CoQ) or a L-idonojirimycin derivative, N-[N'-(4-adamantan-1-ylcarboxamidobutyl)thiocarbamoyl]-1,6-anhydro-L-idonojirimycin (NAdBT-AIJ), and more markedly by the combination of both treatments. These data suggest that targeting both mitochondria function by CoQ and protein misfolding by PCs can be promising therapies in neurological forms of GD.
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Project description:BACKGROUND: Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is essential for mitochondrial energy production and serves as an antioxidants in extra mitochondrial membranes. The genetics of primary CoQ10 deficiency has been described in several studies, whereas the influence of common genetic variants on CoQ10 status is largely unknown. Here we tested for non-synonymous single-nucleotidepolymorphisms (SNP) in genes involved in the biosynthesis (CoQ3G272S , CoQ6M406V, CoQ7M103T), reduction (NQO1P187S, NQO2L47F) and metabolism (apoE3/4) of CoQ10 and their association with CoQ10 status. For this purpose, CoQ10 serum levels of 54 healthy male volunteers were determined before (T0) and after a 14 days supplementation (T14) with 150 mg/d of the reduced form of CoQ10. FINDINGS: At T0, the CoQ10 level of heterozygous NQO1P187S carriers were significantly lower than homozygous S/S carriers (0.93 ± 0.25 ?M versus 1.34 ± 0.42 ?M, p = 0.044). For this polymorphism a structure homology-based method (PolyPhen) revealed a possibly damaging effect on NQO1 protein activity. Furthermore, CoQ10 plasma levels were significantly increased in apoE4/E4 genotype after supplementation in comparison to apoE2/E3 genotype (5.93 ± 0.151 ?M versus 4.38 ± 0.792 ?M, p = 0.034). Likewise heterozygous CoQ3G272S carriers had higher CoQ10 plasma levels at T14 compared to G/G carriers but this difference did not reach significance (5.30 ± 0.96 ?M versus 4.42 ± 1.67 ?M, p = 0.082). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, our pilot study provides evidence that NQO1P187S and apoE polymorphisms influence CoQ10 status in humans.
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Project description:OBJECTIVES:The goal of this investigation was to determine if acute influenza infection is associated with depletion of CoQ10 compared to healthy controls and to determine any associations between CoQ10 levels and illness severity and inflammatory biomarkers. PATIENTS AND METHODS:We analyzed serum CoQ10 concentrations of patients with acute influenza enrolled in a randomized clinical trial prior to study drug administration. Patients were enrolled at a single urban tertiary care center over 3 influenza seasons (December 27, 2013 to March 31, 2016). Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to compare CoQ10 levels between influenza patients and healthy controls. Correlations with inflammatory biomarkers and severity of illness were assessed using Spearman correlation coefficient. RESULTS:We analyzed CoQ10 levels from 50 patients with influenza and 29 controls. Overall, patients with acute influenza had lower levels of CoQ10 (.53 ?g/mL, IQR .37-.75 vs .72, IQR .58-.90, P = .004). Significantly more patients in the influenza group had low CoQ10 levels (<.5 ?g/mL) compared to controls (48% vs 7%, P < .001). Among influenza patients, there were significant but weak correlations between CoQ10 levels and IL-2 (r = -.30, P = .04), TNF-alpha (r = -.35, P = .01) and VEGF (r = .38, P = .007), but no correlation with IL-6, IL-10, VCAM or influenza severity of illness score (all P > .05). CONCLUSIONS:We found that CoQ10 levels were significantly lower in patients with acute influenza infection and that these levels had significant although weak correlations with several inflammatory biomarkers.
| S-EPMC6304320 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
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