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Antioxidant Activity of The Ancient Herb, Holy Basil in CCl4-Induced Liver Injury in Rats.

ABSTRACT: An herbal preparation called "holy basil plus herbal powder" (HBPP) containing Ocimum santum, Withania somnifera, Pongamia pinnata, Plumbago indica, Emblica officinalis and Curcuma longa was investigated as an antioxidant and hepatoprotective agent. The antioxidant activity of HBPP was investigated in rats with liver injury induced by oral administration of carbon tetrachloride:olive oil (1:1). HBPP was administered orally at 500 mg/kg daily for 7 days before. HBPP exhibited statistically significant antioxidant activity, as shown by increased levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GRD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and decreased level of lipid peroxidation (LPO). HBPP performed equally well as silymarin, a well-established antioxidant preparation used to protect against liver injury.

SUBMITTER: Ponnusam Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4766851 | biostudies-other | 2015 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Antioxidant Activity of The Ancient Herb, Holy Basil in CCl4-Induced Liver Injury in Rats.

Ponnusam Yuvaraj Y Louis Therasilin T Madhavachandran V V Kumar Suresh S Thoprani Neelam N Hamblin Michael R MR Lakshmanan Shanmugamurthy S

Ayurvedic 20151101 2

An herbal preparation called "holy basil plus herbal powder" (HBPP) containing Ocimum santum, Withania somnifera, Pongamia pinnata, Plumbago indica, Emblica officinalis and Curcuma longa was investigated as an antioxidant and hepatoprotective agent. The antioxidant activity of HBPP was investigated in rats with liver injury induced by oral administration of carbon tetrachloride:olive oil (1:1). HBPP was administered orally at 500 mg/kg daily for 7 days before. HBPP exhibited ...[more]

PMID: 26925464

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Project description:The progress in industrialization has blessed mankind with a technologically superior lifestyle but poor management of industrial waste has in turn poisoned nature. One such chemical is carbon tetra chloride (CCl4), which is a potent environmental toxin emitted from chemical industries and its presence in the atmosphere is increasing at an alarming rate. Presence of CCl4 in human body is reported to cause liver damage through free radical mediated inflammatory processes. Kupffer cells present in the liver are potentially more sensitive to oxidative stress than hepatocytes. Kuffer cells produced tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) in response to reactive oxygen species (ROS), that might further cause inflammation or apoptosis. In this study hepatoprotective capacity of antioxidant rich extract of Croton bonplandianus Baill. (CBL) was evaluated on CCl4 induced acute hepatotoxicity in murine model. Hydro-methanolic extract of C. bonplandianus leaf was used for evaluation of free radical scavenging activity. Liver cells of experimental mice were damaged using CCl4 and subsequently hepatoprotective potential of the plant extract was evaluated using series of in-vivo and in-vitro studies. In the hepatoprotective study, silymarin was used as a positive control. Antioxidant enzymes, pro-inflammatory markers, liver enzymatic and biochemical parameters were studied to evaluate hepatoprotective activity of Croton bonplandianus leaf extract. Free radical scavenging activity of CBL extract was also observed in WRL-68 cell line. The phytochemicals identified by GCMS analysis were scrutinized using in-silico molecular docking procedure. The results showed that CBL extract have potent free radical scavenging capacity. The biochemical parameters were over expressed due to CCl4 administration, which were significantly normalized by CBL extract treatment. This finding was also supported by histopathological evidences showing less hepatocellularnecrosis, inflammation and fibrosis in CBL and silymarin treated group, compared to CCl4 group. ROS generated due to H2O2 in WRL-68 cell line were normalize in the highest group (200 ?g/ml) when compared with control and negative control (CCl4) group. After molecular docking analysis, it was observed that the compound ?-amyrin present in the leaf extract of C. bonplandianus has better potentiality to protect hepatocellular damages than the standard drug Silymarin. The present study provided supportive evidence that CBL extract possesses potent hepatoprotective capacity by ameliorating haloalkane induced liver injury in the murine model. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities also affirm the same. The synergistic effects of the phytochemicals present in CBL are to be credited for all the hepatoprotective activity claimed above.

Project description:Liver fibrosis is a consequence of chronic liver disease that can progress to liver cirrhosis or even hepatocarcinoma. Fuzheng Huayu (FZHY), a Chinese herbal formula, has been shown to exert anti-fibrotic effects. To better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-fibrotic effects of FZHY, we analyzed transcriptomic and proteomic combination profiles in CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in rats, which were treated with extracted FZHY powder (0.35 g·kg-1·d-1, ig) for 3 weeks. We showed that FZHY administration significantly improved liver function, alleviated hepatic inflammatory and fibrotic changes, and decreased the hydroxyproline content in the livers of CCl4-treated rats. When their liver tissues were examined using microarray and iTRAQ, we found 255 differentially expressed genes (fold change ≥1.5, P<0.05) and 499 differentially expressed proteins (fold change ≥1.2, P<0.05) in the FZHY and model groups. Functional annotation with DAVID (The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery) showed that 15 enriched gene ontology terms, including drug metabolic process, response to extracellular stimulus, response to vitamins, arachidonic acid metabolic process, response to wounding, and oxidation reduction might be involved in the anti-fibrotic effects of FZHY; whereas KEGG pathway analysis revealed that eight enriched pathways, including arachidonic acid metabolism, retinol metabolism, metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450, and drug metabolism might also be involved. Moreover, the protein-protein interaction network demonstrated that 10 core genes/proteins overlapped, with Ugt2a3, Cyp2b1 and Cyp3a18 in retinol metabolism pathway overlapped to a higher degree. Compared to the model rats, the livers of FZHY-treated rats had significantly higher mRNA and protein expression levels of Ugt2a3, Cyp2b1 and Cyp3a18. Furthermore, the concentration of retinoic acid was significantly higher in the FZHY-treated rats compared with the model rats. The results suggest that the anti-fibrotic effects of FZHY emerge through multiple targets, multiple functions, and multiple pathways, including FZHY-regulated retinol metabolism, xenobiotic metabolism by cytochrome P450, and drug metabolism through up-regulated Ugt2a3, Cyp2b1, and Cyp3a18. These genes may play important anti-fibrotic roles in FZHY-treated rats.

Dataset Information

Antioxidant Activity of The Ancient Herb, Holy Basil in CCl4-Induced Liver Injury in Rats.

Publications

Antioxidant Activity of The Ancient Herb, Holy Basil in CCl<sub>4</sub>-Induced Liver Injury in Rats.

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