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A Clinicopathological Study of Pemphigus in Eastern India with Special Reference to Direct Immunofluorescence.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Pemphigus is a group of chronic autoimmune vesico-bullous disorders in which the epidermis and the basement membrane zone are the focus of attack resulting in cutaneous and mucosal blister formation. Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) test is a very sensitive test for the diagnosis. AIM:To study the clinico histopathological patterns of pemphigus in eastern India. The study also aims to correlate DIF with clinical and histologic findings as well as severity of skin involvement [scoring systems]. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Total 41 patients were studied over a period of 1 year in the Post-graduate centre of Dermatology in Eastern India. DIF, histopathology and clinical data were correlated. RESULTS:In our study Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) was the predominant type with 32 cases followed by 8 cases of pemphigus foliaceus (PF) and a single case of IgA pemphigus. Mean age at presentation was late middle age. Majority of the patients, 26 (63.41%) initially had cutaneous involvement followed by mucosal involvement. In this study group 36 (87.80%) patients showed acantholytic cells on histopathological examination. Most patients of PV showed suprabasal blister 20 (62.50%) followed by intraspinous 5 (15.62%) and subcorneal 5 (15.62%) blister. In majority 28 (87.50%) of the PV patients IgG and C3 antibodies were deposited throughout the epidermis. The strength of antibody positivity was strong in most of the patients (71.87%). In cases of PF mostly IgG 6 (75%) antibodies were deposited in the upper epidermis. DIF intensity had poor correlation with disease activity/severity except in PF. CONCLUSION:Almost 85.36% cases of pemphigus were diagnosed clinicopathologically. But 6 cases couldn't be diagnosed accurately on clinicopathological basis and in them DIF was confirmatory. Two cases of pure mucosal PV and 1 case of IgA pemphigus was confirmed by DIF. Two cases of bullous pemphigoid clinico-histologically mimicking PV were also excluded by DIF. So it appears from our study that DIF is confirmatory for diagnosis of pemphigus in all cases.

SUBMITTER: Chowdhury J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4885181 | biostudies-other | 2016 May-Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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A Clinicopathological Study of Pemphigus in Eastern India with Special Reference to Direct Immunofluorescence.

Chowdhury Joyeeta J Datta Pijush Kanti PK Chowdhury Satyendra Nath SN Das Nilay Kanti NK

Indian journal of dermatology 20160501 3

<h4>Background</h4>Pemphigus is a group of chronic autoimmune vesico-bullous disorders in which the epidermis and the basement membrane zone are the focus of attack resulting in cutaneous and mucosal blister formation. Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) test is a very sensitive test for the diagnosis.<h4>Aim</h4>To study the clinico histopathological patterns of pemphigus in eastern India. The study also aims to correlate DIF with clinical and histologic findings as well as severity of skin involve ...[more]

PMID: 27293249

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A Clinicopathological Study of Pemphigus in Eastern India with Special Reference to Direct Immunofluorescence.

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A Clinicopathological Study of Pemphigus in Eastern India with Special Reference to Direct Immunofluorescence.

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