Devil's Wake: Early-stage bone colonization by breast cancer.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Wang H
PROVIDER: S-EPMC4909432 | biostudies-other | 2016 May
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
Similar Datasets
Project description:Breast cancer bone micrometastases can remain asymptomatic for years before progressing into overt lesions. The biology of this process, including the microenvironment niche and supporting pathways, is unclear. We find that bone micrometastases predominantly reside in a niche that exhibits features of osteogenesis. Niche interactions are mediated by heterotypic adherens junctions (hAJs) involving cancer-derived E-cadherin and osteogenic N-cadherin, the disruption of which abolishes niche-conferred advantages. We elucidate that hAJ activates the mTOR pathway in cancer cells, which drives the progression from single cells to micrometastases. Human data set analyses support the roles of AJ and the mTOR pathway in bone colonization. Our study illuminates the initiation of bone colonization, and provides potential therapeutic targets to block progression toward osteolytic metastases.
| S-EPMC4326554 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Purpose of Review:Bone-modifying agents have an important role in the treatment of patients with bone mineral density loss, early-stage breast cancer to reduce risk of recurrence, and metastatic breast cancer with bone involvement. Here we review mechanisms of action of these agents and clinical indications for their use. Recent Findings:The meta-analysis undertaken by the Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group showed that the use of bisphosphonates was associated with a decreased risk of breast cancer recurrence. Summary:The effect of bisphosphonates and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand inhibitors on bone health provides an opportunity to decrease the incidence of skeletal-related events and improve cancer outcomes in certain subsets of patients.
| S-EPMC6276066 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The aim of this study is to identify and validate copy number aberrations in early-stage primary breast tumors associated with bone or non-bone metastasis. Whole-genome molecular inversion probe arrays were used to evaluate copy number imbalances (CNIs) in breast tumors from 960 early-stage patients with information about site of metastasis. The CoxBoost algorithm was used to select metastasis site-related CNIs and to fit a Cox proportional hazards model. Gains at 1q41 and 1q42.12 and losses at 1p13.3, 8p22, and Xp11.3 were significantly associated with bone metastasis. Gains at 2p11.2, 3q21.3-22.2, 3q27.1, 10q23.1, and 14q13.2-3 and loss at 7q21.11 were associated with non-bone metastasis. To examine the joint effect of CNIs and clinical predictors, patients were stratified into three risk groups (low, intermediate, and high) based on the sum of predicted linear hazard ratios. For bone metastasis, the hazard (95 % confidence interval) for the low-risk group was 0.32 (0.11-0.92) compared to the intermediate-risk group and 2.99 (1.74-5.11) for the high-risk group. For non-bone metastasis, the hazard for the low-risk group was 0.34 (0.17-0.66) and 2.33 (1.59-3.43) for the high-risk group. The prognostic value of loss at 8p22 for bone metastasis and gains at 10q23.1 for non-bone metastasis, and gain at 11q13.5 for both bone and non-bone metastases were externally validated in 335 breast tumors pooled from four independent cohorts. Distinct CNIs are independently associated with bone and non-bone metastasis for early-stage breast cancer patients across cohorts. These data warrant consideration for tailoring surveillance and management of metastasis risk.
| S-EPMC3993091 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Copy number alteration profiling of human early-stage (stage I and II) breast cancers. We aimed to describe the commonly occurred chromosome alterations in early-stage breast cancer (stage I and II) and to explore the implications of the recurrently altered regions (RAR) on the patient prognosis. For this purpose, we analyzed the DNA copy number alterations (CNAs) across the whole genome using oligoarray-comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) in the discovery set of EBC patients.
2012-05-09 | GSE37839 | GEO
Project description:Copy number alteration profiling of human early-stage (stage I and II) breast cancers. We aimed to describe the commonly occurred chromosome alterations in early-stage breast cancer (stage I and II) and to explore the implications of the recurrently altered regions (RAR) on the patient prognosis. For this purpose, we analyzed the DNA copy number alterations (CNAs) across the whole genome using oligoarray-comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) in the discovery set of EBC patients. 48 cases of early-stage breast cancer were used in this study.
2012-05-08 | E-GEOD-37839 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Breast cancer occurring during pregnancy (PrBC) and postpartum (PPBC) is usually diagnosed at more advanced stages compared with other breast cancer, worsening its prognosis. PPBC is particularly aggressive, with increased metastatic risk and mortality. Thus, effective screening methods to detect early PrBC and PPBC are needed. We report for the first time that cell-free tumor DNA (ctDNA) is present in breast milk (BM) collected from patients with breast cancer. Analysis of ctDNA from BM detects tumor variants in 87% of the cases by droplet digital PCR, while variants remain undetected in 92% of matched plasma samples. Retrospective next-generation sequencing analysis in BM ctDNA recapitulates tumor variants, with an overall clinical sensitivity of 71.4% and specificity of 100%. In two cases, ctDNA was detectable in BM collected 18 and 6 months prior to standard diagnosis. Our results open up the potential use of BM as a new source for liquid biopsy for PPBC detection.SignificanceFor the first time, we show that BM obtained from patients with breast cancer carries ctDNA, surpassing plasma-based liquid biopsy for detection and molecular profiling of early-stage breast cancer, even prior to diagnosis by image. See related commentary by Cunningham and Turner, p. 2125. This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 2109.
| S-EPMC10551665 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Pooled blood plasma hi-res MS/MS top-down dataset from early-stage breast cancer patients; LC 1 Part 3
2010-10-19 | PRD000185 | Pride
Project description:Patients with breast cancer are often afflicted by bone metastases, while the establishment and growth of bone metastases depend on interaction between cancer cells and the host environment. Moreover, osteoblasts, which play a vital role in cancer cells survival and colonization, can form an osteogenic niche in early stage of bone metastases. Also, it is widely accepted that there is a genetic determinant during bone metastases. Nephronectin (NPNT) is an extracellular matrix protein which has shown biological activities in breast cancer metastases and osteoblasts differentiation. But the role of NPNT in mediating breast cancer bone metastases remains elusive. In the present study, we revealed that up regulation of NPNT is associated with incidence of bone metastases. What's more, NPNT could significantly enhance the tumor cell clone formation but not proliferation and migration. We further demonstrated that NPNT significantly enhance osteoblast differentiation and tumor adhesion. Thus, we proposed that cancer secreted NPNT may be a novel marker with potential value of prediction and diagnosis of breast cancer bone metastases.
| S-EPMC6303384 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The Ca2+-sensing receptor (CaSR) is a class-C G protein-coupled receptor which plays a pivotal role in calciotropic processes, primarily in regulating parathyroid hormone secretion to maintain systemic calcium homeostasis. Among its non-calciotropic roles, where the CaSR sits at the intersection of myriad processes, it has steadily garnered attention as an oncogene or tumor suppressor in different organs. In maternal breast tissues the CaSR promotes lactation but in breast cancer it acts as an oncoprotein and has been shown to drive the pathogenesis of skeletal metastases from breast cancer. Even though research has made great strides in treating primary breast cancer, there is an unmet need when it comes to treatment of metastatic breast cancer. This review focuses on how the CaSR leads to the pathogenesis of breast cancer by contrasting its role in healthy tissues and tumorigenesis, and by drawing brief parallels with the tissues where it has been implicated as an oncogene. A class of compounds called calcilytics, which are CaSR antagonists, have also been surveyed in the instances where they have been used to target the receptor in cancerous tissues and constitute a proof of principle for repurposing them. Current clinical therapies for treating bone metastases from breast cancer are limited to targeting osteoclasts and a deeper understanding of the CaSR signaling nexus in this context can bolster them or lead to novel therapeutic interventions.
| S-EPMC7013091 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Bone metastasis is a frequent and life-threatening complication of breast cancer. The molecular mechanisms supporting the establishment of breast cancer cells in the skeleton are still not fully understood, which may be attributed to the lack of suitable models that interrogate interactions between human breast cancer cells and the bone microenvironment. Although it is well-known that integrins mediate adhesion of malignant cells to bone extracellular matrix, their role during bone colonization remains unclear. Here, the role of β1 integrins in bone colonization was investigated using tissue-engineered humanized in vitro and in vivo bone models. In vitro, bone-metastatic breast cancer cells with suppressed integrin β1 expression showed reduced attachment, spreading, and migration within human bone matrix compared to control cells. Cell proliferation in vitro was not affected by β1 integrin knockdown, yet tumor growth in vivo within humanized bone microenvironments was significantly inhibited upon β1 integrin suppression, as revealed by quantitative in/ex vivo fluorescence imaging and histological analysis. Tumor cells invaded bone marrow spaces in the humanized bone and formed osteolytic lesions; osteoclastic bone resorption was, however, not reduced by β1 integrin knockdown. Taken together, we demonstrate that β1 integrins have a pivotal role in bone colonization using unique tissue-engineered humanized bone models.
| S-EPMC4381598 | biostudies-literature