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Therapeutic efficacy of monthly subcutaneous injection of daclizumab in relapsing multiple sclerosis.

ABSTRACT: Despite the availability of multiple disease-modifying therapies for relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS), there remains a need for highly efficacious targeted therapy with a favorable benefit-risk profile and attributes that encourage a high level of treatment adherence. Daclizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against CD25, the ? subunit of the high-affinity interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptor, that reversibly modulates IL-2 signaling. Daclizumab treatment leads to antagonism of proinflammatory, activated T lymphocyte function and expansion of immunoregulatory CD56(bright) natural killer cells, and has the potential to, at least in part, rectify the imbalance between immune tolerance and autoimmunity in relapsing MS. The clinical pharmacology, efficacy, and safety of subcutaneous daclizumab have been evaluated extensively in a large clinical study program. In pivotal studies, daclizumab demonstrated superior efficacy in reducing clinical and radiologic measures of MS disease activity compared with placebo or intramuscular interferon beta-1a, a standard-of-care therapy for relapsing MS. The risk of hepatic disorders, cutaneous events, and infections was modestly increased. The monthly subcutaneous self-injection dosing regimen of daclizumab may be advantageous in maintaining patient adherence to treatment, which is important for optimal outcomes with MS disease-modifying therapy. Daclizumab has been approved in the US and in the European Union and represents an effective new treatment option for patients with relapsing forms of MS, and is currently under review by other regulatory agencies.

SUBMITTER: Cohan S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5026217 | biostudies-other | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Therapeutic efficacy of monthly subcutaneous injection of daclizumab in relapsing multiple sclerosis.

Cohan Stanley S

Biologics : targets & therapy 20160912

Despite the availability of multiple disease-modifying therapies for relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS), there remains a need for highly efficacious targeted therapy with a favorable benefit-risk profile and attributes that encourage a high level of treatment adherence. Daclizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against CD25, the α subunit of the high-affinity interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptor, that reversibly modulates IL-2 signaling. Daclizumab treatment leads to antagonism of proinflam ...[more]

PMID: 27672308

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Project description:BackgroundDaclizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody against CD25 that modulates interleukin 2 signaling. The SELECT TRILOGY of clinical studies (SELECT/SELECTION/SELECTED) evaluated the safety and efficacy of daclizumab in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). We report the long-term safety and efficacy of daclizumab 150 mg subcutaneous every 4 weeks in patients with RRMS in the SELECTED open-label extension study.MethodsAn interim intent-to-treat analysis of all enrolled patients was performed in January 2014 for this ongoing study.ResultsThe SELECTED study enrolled 90% of patients who completed SELECTION. In the safety and efficacy analysis (N = 410), median treatment time in SELECTED was 25 months (range, <1-45). Adverse events (AEs) were reported in 76% of patients, serious AEs (SAEs) excluding MS relapse in 16%, and treatment discontinuation due to AEs including multiple sclerosis (MS) relapse in 12%. AEs were primarily of mild to moderate severity, and common AEs (≥10%), excluding MS relapse, were nasopharyngitis (12%) and upper respiratory tract infection (12%). Most commonly reported SAEs (in ≥3 patients), excluding MS relapses, were increased serum hepatic enzymes, pneumonia, ulcerative colitis, and urinary tract infection (<1% each). Incidences of AE groups of interest include cutaneous events (28%), cutaneous SAEs (2%), gastrointestinal SAEs (2%), hepatic SAEs, (1%) and malignancies (1%). The incidence of AEs, SAEs, and treatment-related study discontinuations did not increase over time and no deaths were reported. The adjusted annualized relapse rate (95% confidence interval (CI)) analyzed at 6-month intervals was 0.15 (0.10-0.22) for weeks 97-120 and 0.15 (0.10-0.21) for weeks 121-144. In year 3, the adjusted mean (95% CI) number of new/newly enlarging T2 hyperintense lesions was 1.26 (0.93-1.72) and the mean (median) annualized change in brain volume was -0.32% (-0.34%).ConclusionsThe AE incidence did not increase with extension of therapy into year 3 in SELECTED; the safety profile was similar to that previously observed. The clinical efficacy of daclizumab was sustained over the 3 years comprising the SELECT TRILOGY, although potential selection bias cannot be excluded.Trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov NCT01051349; first registered January 15, 2010.

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Therapeutic efficacy of monthly subcutaneous injection of daclizumab in relapsing multiple sclerosis.

Publications

Therapeutic efficacy of monthly subcutaneous injection of daclizumab in relapsing multiple sclerosis.

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