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Post-concussive complaints after mild traumatic brain injury associated with altered brain networks during working memory performance.

ABSTRACT: The aim was to investigate brain network function during working memory (WM) task performance in patients with uncomplicated mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in the sub-acute phase post-injury. We were particularly interested in differences between patients with (PCC-present) and without post-concussive complaints (PCC-absent). Fifty-two patients and twenty healthy controls (HCs) (matched for age, sex, education and handedness) were included. Two patient groups were created based on reported post-concussive complaints at two weeks post-injury: PCC-present (n = 32) and PCC-absent (n = 20). Functional MRI scans were made at approximately four weeks post-injury. Participants performed an n-back task consisting of three conditions (0-, 1- and 2-back) with increasing difficulty. General linear model analysis was performed to investigate activation patterns. Independent component analysis was used to identify brain networks. The frontal executive network (FEN), frontoparietal network (FPN) and default mode network (DMN) were selected for further analyses based on their highest task-relatedness. Task accuracy and reaction times were similar for patients with mTBI and HCs. During high WM load (2-vs.0-back contrast), mTBI patients exhibited lower activation within the medial prefrontal cortex compared to HCs. No differences were found between PCC-present and PCC-absent patients. Regarding network function, PCC-absent patients showed stronger deactivation of the DMN compared to PCC-present patients and HCs, especially during difficult task conditions. Furthermore, functional connectivity between the DMN and FEN was lower in PCC-absent patients compared to PCC-present patients. Interestingly, network function did not differ between PCC-present patients and HCs, suggesting that non-injury related factors may underlie post-concussive complaints after mTBI.

SUBMITTER: van der Horn HJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5167217 | biostudies-other | 2016 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Post-concussive complaints after mild traumatic brain injury associated with altered brain networks during working memory performance.

van der Horn Harm J HJ Liemburg Edith J EJ Scheenen Myrthe E ME de Koning Myrthe E ME Spikman Jacoba M JM van der Naalt Joukje J

Brain imaging and behavior 20161201 4

The aim was to investigate brain network function during working memory (WM) task performance in patients with uncomplicated mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in the sub-acute phase post-injury. We were particularly interested in differences between patients with (PCC-present) and without post-concussive complaints (PCC-absent). Fifty-two patients and twenty healthy controls (HCs) (matched for age, sex, education and handedness) were included. Two patient groups were created based on reported p ...[more]

PMID: 26667033

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Project description:Concussive injury (or mild traumatic brain injury; mTBI) can exhibit features of focal or diffuse injury patterns. We compared and contrasted the cellular and molecular responses after mild controlled cortical impact (mCCI; a focal injury) or fluid percussion injury (FPI; a diffuse injury) in rats. The rationale for this comparative analysis was to investigate the brain's response to mild diffuse versus mild focal injury to identify common molecular changes triggered by these injury modalities and to determine the functional pathways altered after injury that may provide novel targets for therapeutic intervention. Microarrays containing probes against 21,792 unique messenger RNAs (mRNAs) were used to investigate the changes in cortical mRNA expression levels at 3 and 24?h postinjury. Of the 354 mRNAs with significantly altered expression levels after mCCI, over 89% (316 mRNAs) were also contained within the mild FPI (mFPI) data set. However, mFPI initiated a more widespread molecular response, with over 2300 mRNAs differentially expressed. Bioinformatic analysis of annotated gene ontology molecular function and biological pathway terms showed a significant overrepresentation of genes belonging to inflammation, stress, and signaling categories in both data sets. We therefore examined changes in the protein levels of a panel of 23 cytokines and chemokines in cortical extracts using a Luminex-based bead immunoassay and detected significant increases in macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1? (CCL3), GRO-KC (CXCL1), interleukin (IL)-1?, IL-1?, and IL-6. Immunohistochemical localization of MIP-1? and IL-1? showed marked increases at 3?h postinjury in the cortical vasculature and microglia, respectively, that were largely resolved by 24?h postinjury. Our findings demonstrate that both focal and diffuse mTBI trigger many shared pathobiological processes (e.g., inflammatory responses) that could be targeted for mechanism-based therapeutic interventions.

Dataset Information

Post-concussive complaints after mild traumatic brain injury associated with altered brain networks during working memory performance.

Publications

Post-concussive complaints after mild traumatic brain injury associated with altered brain networks during working memory performance.

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