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Phase Equilibria and Magnetic Phases in the Ce-Fe-Co-B System.

ABSTRACT: Ce-Fe-Co-B is a promising system for permanent magnets. A high-throughput screening method combining diffusion couples, key alloys, Scanning Electron Microscope/Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Spectroscope (SEM/WDS), and Magnetic Force Microscope (MFM) is used in this research to understand the phase equilibria and to explore promising magnetic phases in this system. Three magnetic phases were detected and their homogeneity ranges were determined at 900 °C, which were presented by the formulae: Ce₂Fe14-xCoxB (0 ≤ x ≤ 4.76), CeCo4-xFexB (0 ≤ x ≤ 3.18), and Ce₃Co11-x FexB₄ (0 ≤ x ≤ 6.66). The phase relations among the magnetic phases in this system have been studied. Ce₂(Fe, Co)14B appears to have stronger magnetization than Ce(Co, Fe)₄B and Ce₃(Co, Fe)11B₄ from MFM analysis when comparing the magnetic interactions of selected key alloys. Also, a non-magnetic CeCo12-xFexB₆ (0 ≤ x ≤ 8.74) phase was detected in this system. A boron-rich solid solution with Ce13FexCoyB45 (32 ≤ x ≤ 39, 3 ≤ y ≤ 10) chemical composition was also observed. However, the crystal structure of this phase could not be found in the literature. Moreover, ternary solid solutions ε₁ (Ce₂Fe17-xCox (0 ≤ x ≤ 12.35)) and ε₂ (Ce₂Co17-xFex (0 ≤ x ≤ 3.57)) were found to form between Ce₂Fe17 and Ce₂Co17 in the Ce-Fe-Co ternary system at 900 °C.

SUBMITTER: Wang T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5344593 | biostudies-other | 2016 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Project description:Although the general instability of the iron nitride γ'-Fe4N with respect to other phases at high pressure is well established, the actual type of phase transitions and equilibrium conditions of their occurrence are, as of yet, poorly investigated. In the present study, samples of γ'-Fe4N and mixtures of α Fe and γ'-Fe4N powders have been heat-treated at temperatures between 250 and 1000 °C and pressures between 2 and 8 GPa in a multi-anvil press, in order to investigate phase equilibria involving the γ' phase. Samples heat-treated at high-pressure conditions, were quenched, subsequently decompressed, and then analysed ex situ. Microstructure analysis is used to derive implications on the phase transformations during the heat treatments. Further, it is confirmed that the Fe-N phases in the target composition range are quenchable. Thus, phase proportions and chemical composition of the phases, determined from ex situ X-ray diffraction data, allowed conclusions about the phase equilibria at high-pressure conditions. Further, evidence for the low-temperature eutectoid decomposition γ'→α+ε' is presented for the first time. From the observed equilibria, a P-T projection of the univariant equilibria in the Fe-rich portion of the Fe-N system is derived, which features a quadruple point at 5 GPa and 375 °C, above which γ'-Fe4N is thermodynamically unstable. The experimental work is supplemented by ab initio calculations in order to discuss the relative phase stability and energy landscape in the Fe-N system, from the ground state to conditions accessible in the multi-anvil experiments. It is concluded that γ'-Fe4N, which is unstable with respect to other phases at 0 K (at any pressure), has to be entropically stabilised in order to occur as stable phase in the system. In view of the frequently reported metastable retention of the γ' phase during room temperature compression experiments, energetic and kinetic aspects of the polymorphic transition γ'⇌ε' are discussed.

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Phase Equilibria and Magnetic Phases in the Ce-Fe-Co-B System.

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