Dataset Information

Surgical Technique for Open Reduction-Internal Fixation of an Unstable Displaced 3-Part Proximal Humeral Fracture Using a Proximal Humeral Locking Plate.

ABSTRACT: The proximal humeral locking plate (PHLP) is a recently developed fixed-angle implant that is an option for open reduction-internal fixation of an unstable displaced proximal humeral fracture. Various articles have reported successful outcomes using the PHLP when compared with other implant designs. However, many complications still occur with use of the PHLP, such as avascular necrosis of the humeral articular fragment, malreduction (particularly varus malalignment), and screw penetration. These complications are related to the difficulty in fixation of this particular type of fracture, as well as ineffective surgical technique. We have therefore proposed a step-by-step surgical technique for open reduction-internal fixation of an unstable displaced 3-part proximal humeral fracture using a PHLP. This technique focuses on the precise placement of the PHLP according to the plate design, as well as an effective intraoperative assessment, to improve surgical outcomes and prevent the various complications of proximal humeral fractures.

SUBMITTER: Kanchanatawan W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5495907 | biostudies-other | 2017 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Surgical Technique for Open Reduction-Internal Fixation of an Unstable Displaced 3-Part Proximal Humeral Fracture Using a Proximal Humeral Locking Plate.

Kanchanatawan Wichan W Suppauksorn Sunikom S Chobpenthai Thanapon T Densiri-Aksorn Worawit W Pongpinyopap Warongporn W Dorjiee Gem G

Arthroscopy techniques 20170619 3

The proximal humeral locking plate (PHLP) is a recently developed fixed-angle implant that is an option for open reduction-internal fixation of an unstable displaced proximal humeral fracture. Various articles have reported successful outcomes using the PHLP when compared with other implant designs. However, many complications still occur with use of the PHLP, such as avascular necrosis of the humeral articular fragment, malreduction (particularly varus malalignment), and screw penetration. Thes ...[more]

PMID: 28706835

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Project description:BackgroundProximal humerus fracture is the third most common fracture type after hip and distal radius fracture in elderly patients. A comprehensive study by Palvanen et al. demonstrated an increase in the annual fracture rate of 13.7% per year over the past 33 years. Should this trend continue, the fracture rate would triple over the next three decades. The increasing incidence of low-energy fractures raises questions about the optimal treatment in terms of functional outcome, pain, and rehabilitation time, as well as the economical impact. Despite the high incidence and costs of proximal humerus fractures, there is currently no valid scientific evidence for the best treatment method. Several publications, including a Cochrane review outline the need for high-quality, well-designed randomized controlled trials.Methods/designThe study is a prospective, randomized, national multi-center trial. The hypothesis of the trial is that surgical treatment of displaced proximal humerus fractures achieves better functional outcome, pain relief, and patient satisfaction compared to conservative treatment. The trial is designed to compare conservative and surgical treatment of proximal humerus fractures in patients 60 years and older. The trial includes two strata. Stratum I compares surgical treatment with locking plates to conservative treatment for two-part fractures. Stratum II compares multi-fragmented fractures, including three- and four-part fractures. The aim of Stratum II is to compare conservative treatment, surgical treatment with the Philos locking plate, and hemiarthroplasty with an Epoca prosthesis. The primary outcome measure will be the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score and the secondary outcome measures will be the EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D) value, OSS, Constant-Murley Score, VAS, and 15D.Recruiting time will be 3 years. The results will be analyzed after the 2-year follow-up period.DiscussionThis publication presents a prospective, randomized, national multi-center trial. It gives details of patient flow, randomization, aftercare and also ways of analysis of the material and ways to present and publish the results.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01246167.

Project description:BackgroundA few studies focused on open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) or nonoperative treatment of displaced 3-part or 4-part proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients have been published, all of whom had a low number of patients. In this meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), we aimed to assess the effect of ORIF or nonoperative treatment of displaced 3-part or 4-part proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients on the clinical outcomes and re-evaluate of the potential benefits of conservative treatment.MethodsWe searched PubMed and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases for randomized controlled trials comparing ORIF and nonoperative treatment of displaced 3-part or 4-part proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients. Our outcome measures were the Constant scores.ResultsThree randomized controlled trials with a total of 130 patients were identified and analyzed. The overall results based on fixed-effect model did not support the treatment of open reduction and internal fixation to improve the functional outcome when compared with nonoperative treatment for treating elderly patients with displaced 3-part or 4-part proximal humeral fractures (WMD -0.51, 95% CI: -7.25 to 6.22, P = 0.88, I(2) = 0%).ConclusionsAlthough our meta-analysis did not support the treatment of open reduction and internal fixation to improve the functional outcome when compared with nonoperative treatment for treating elderly patients with displaced 3-part or 4-part proximal humeral fractures, this result must be considered in the context of variable patient demographics. Only a limited recommendation can be made based on current data. Considering the limitations of included studies, a large, well designed trial that incorporates the evaluation of clinically relevant outcomes in participants with different underlying risks of shoulder function is required to more adequately assess the role for ORIF or nonoperative treatment.

Project description:The use of low-profile dorsal and volar locking plates for distal radial fracture surgery has improved results and lowered the complication rate compared with older plate designs. The purpose of the present randomized controlled trial was to compare patient-reported outcomes as well as radiographic and functional results between patients who underwent stabilization with a volar locking plate or a dorsal locking nail-plate for the treatment of dorsally displaced unstable extra-articular distal radial fractures. One hundred and twenty patients ≥55 years of age were randomized to surgery with either a volar locking plate or a dorsal locking nail-plate and were assessed at 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year. The primary outcome was the abbreviated version of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QuickDASH) score. Secondary outcomes were the Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE), EuroQol 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) index and visual analog scale (VAS), range of motion, grip strength, radiographic measurements, and complication rate. The median age was 66 years (range, 55 to 88 years). The rate of follow-up was 97%. There was no clinically important difference between the groups at any point during follow-up. Patients in the volar locking plate group had better mean QuickDASH scores at 6 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year. However, the differences were small (5.8 vs. 11.3 points at 1 year; mean difference, -5.5 points [95% confidence interval (CI), -9.9 to 1.2]; p = 0.014), which is lower than any proposed minimum clinically important difference (MCID). The difference in PRWE scores was also lower than the MCID (1.0 vs. 3.5 at 1 year; mean difference, -2.5 [95% CI, -4.4 to 0.6]; p = 0.012). The dorsal locking nail-plate group had slightly better restoration of volar tilt (p = 0.011). EQ-5D index, EQ-5D VAS, range of motion, grip strength, and complication rates were similar. We found no clinically relevant difference between the volar locking plate and dorsal locking nail-plate groups after 1 year or in the time period up to 1 year. A dorsal locking nail-plate can therefore be an alternative method for the treatment of these unstable fractures or in cases in which a dorsal approach is preferable over a volar approach. Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

Project description:ObjectivesTo compare the clinical effectiveness of Kirschner wire fixation with locking plate fixation for patients with a dorsally displaced fracture of the distal radius.DesignA multicentre two arm parallel group assessor blind randomised controlled trial with 1:1 treatment allocation.Setting18 trauma centres in the United Kingdom.Participants461 adults with a dorsally displaced fracture of the distal radius within 3 cm of the radiocarpal joint that required surgical fixation. Patients were excluded if the surgeon thought that the surface of the wrist joint was so badly displaced it required open reduction.InterventionsKirschner wire fixation: wires are passed through the skin over the dorsal aspect of the distal radius and into the bone to hold the fracture in the correct anatomical position. Locking plate fixation: a locking plate is applied through an incision over the volar (palm) aspect of the wrist and secured to the bone with fixed angle locking screws.Main outcome measuresPrimary outcome measurevalidated patient rated wrist evaluation (PRWE). This rates wrist function in two (equally weighted) sections concerning the patient's experience of pain and disability to give a score out of 100.Secondary outcomesdisabilities of arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) score, the EuroQol (EQ-5D), and complications related to the surgery.ResultsThe baseline characteristics of the two groups were well balanced, and over 90% of patients completed follow-up. The wrist function of both groups of patients improved by 12 months. There was no clinically relevant difference in the patient rated wrist score at three, six, or 12 months (difference in favour of the plate group was -1.3, 95% confidence interval -4.5 to 1.8; P=0.40). Nor was there a clinically relevant difference in health related quality of life or the number of complications in each group.ConclusionsContrary to the existing literature, and against the rapidly increasing use of locking plate fixation, this trial found no difference in functional outcome in patients with dorsally displaced fractures of the distal radius treated with Kirschner wires or volar locking plates. Kirschner wire fixation, however, is cheaper and quicker to perform.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISCRTN 31379280. UKCRN 8956.

Project description:BackgroundAlmost one-third of patients with proximal humeral fractures are treated surgically, and the number is increasing. When surgical treatment is chosen, there is sparse evidence on the optimum method. The DelPhi (Delta prosthesis-PHILOS plate) trial is a clinical trial comparing 2 surgical treatments. Our hypothesis was that reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) yields better clinical results compared with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) using an angular stable plate.MethodsThe DelPhi trial is a randomized controlled trial comparing reverse TSA with ORIF for displaced proximal humeral fractures (OTA/AO types 11-B2 and 11-C2) in elderly patients (65 to 85 years of age). The primary outcome measure was the Constant score at a 2-year follow-up. The secondary outcome measures included the Oxford Shoulder Score and radiographic evaluation. Results were reported as the mean difference with 95% confidence interval (CI). The intention-to-treat principle was applied for crossover patients.ResultsThere were 124 patients included in the study. At 2 years, the mean Constant score was 68.0 points (95% CI, 63.7 to 72.4 points) for the reverse TSA group compared with 54.6 points (95% CI, 48.5 to 60.7 points) for the ORIF group, resulting in a significant mean difference of 13.4 points (95% CI, 6.2 to 20.6 points; p < 0.001) in favor of reverse TSA. When stratified for fracture classification, the mean score was 69.3 points (95% CI, 63.9 to 74.7 points) for the reverse TSA group and 50.6 points (95% CI, 41.9 to 59.2 points) for the ORIF group for type-C2 fractures, which yielded a significant mean difference of 18.7 points (95% CI, 9.3 to 28.2 points; p < 0.001). In the type-B2 fracture group, the mean score was 66.2 points (95% CI, 58.6 to 73.8 points) for the reverse TSA group and 58.5 points (95% CI, 49.6 to 67.4 points) for the ORIF group, resulting in a nonsignificant mean difference of 7.6 points (95% CI, -3.8 to 19.1 points; p = 0.19).ConclusionsAt a 2-year follow-up, the data suggested an advantage of reverse TSA over ORIF in the treatment of displaced OTA/AO type-B2 and C2 proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients.Level of evidenceTherapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

Dataset Information

Surgical Technique for Open Reduction-Internal Fixation of an Unstable Displaced 3-Part Proximal Humeral Fracture Using a Proximal Humeral Locking Plate.

Publications

Surgical Technique for Open Reduction-Internal Fixation of an Unstable Displaced 3-Part Proximal Humeral Fracture Using a Proximal Humeral Locking Plate.

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