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Impact of stage, management and recurrence on survival rates in laryngeal cancer.

ABSTRACT: A retrospective, longitudinal study of 1,616 patients with primary laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) at a single center in Norway during 1983-2010 was undertaken to investigate overall survival, disease specific survival, disease-free survival, prognostic factors for overall survival, and impact of recurrence among all-stage laryngeal cancer patients over 15 years' follow-up. The prognostic impact of gender, age, smoking/alcohol, subsite, tumour, node and metastasis staging, period and modality of treatment were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard analyses. The importance of recurrence on survival was assessed based on case fatality rates. Five-year overall survival was 56.8%, 64.0% and 38.8%, and disease-specific survival was 80.2%, 87% and 61.6%, respectively, for the entire cohort and for glottic and supraglottic LSCC. Old age, advanced-stage LSCC and supraglottic cancer were associated with lower overall survival. The risk of disease-specific death plateaued after five years and varied significantly by subsite. Multivariate analysis of glottic LSCC revealed that surgical treatment improved overall survival, whereas old age, alcohol, T3-T4 status, positive N-status and no treatment were associated with worse survival. In supraglottic LSCC, age, alcohol, and positive N-status had a significant impact on overall survival by multivariate analysis. Five-year overall survival and disease-specific survival among patients with recurrent disease were 34% and 52%, respectively. In conclusion, marked difference in overall survival between glottic and supraglottic LSCC underline the importance of subsite-specific survival analysis. T-status and primary surgical management is essential only for glottic LSCC, emphasizing the importance of correct disease classification. Inferior outcomes in supraglottic LSCC are associated with old age, positive N-status, and improved follow-up routines are necessary. Primary tumor control is essential since recurrence impairs survival considerably in all subsites. The potential benefit of a primary surgical approach towards T3 LSCC awaits further investigation.

SUBMITTER: Brandstorp-Boesen J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5510803 | biostudies-other | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Project description:Importance:Use of chemoradiotherapy for advanced laryngeal cancer led to a major shift in treatment as an alternative to laryngectomy. Despite widespread adoption of chemoradiotherapy, survival rates have not improved and the original premise of matching neoadjuvant chemotherapy tumor response to determine subsequent treatment has not been followed. Objective:To determine whether improved survival could be achieved by incorporating a single cycle of neoadjuvant chemotherapy to select patients with advanced disease for either laryngectomy or concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Design, Setting, and Participants:An unselected cohort of 247 patients with laryngeal cancer in an academic institution between 2002 and 2012 was evaluated. Patients with limited disease (stages I and II) underwent endoscopic resection, radiotherapy, or chemoradiotherapy for deeply invasive T2 lesions. For patients with advanced disease (stages III and IV), neoadjuvant chemotherapy, concurrent chemoradiotherapy, or primary surgery was recommended. Overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) were analyzed. Median follow-up was 48 months. The study was conducted from January 1, 2002, to December 31, 2012; data analysis was completed December 1, 2015. Interventions:Endoscopic resection, radiotherapy, chemoradiotherapy, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, concurrent chemoradiotherapy, and primary surgery. Main Outcomes and Measures:Overall survival and DSS. Results:Of the 247 patients, 191 (77.3%) were male; mean (SD) age was 59.6 (10.4) years. Of 94 patients with limited disease, 33 (35.1%) underwent endoscopic resection; 50 (53.2%), radiotherapy alone; and 11 (11.7%), chemoradiotherapy for deeply invasive T2 lesions. Of 153 patients with advanced disease, 71 (46.4%) received neoadjuvant chemotherapy; 50 (32.7%), concurrent chemoradiotherapy; and 32 (20.9%), surgery. Five-year OS and DSS was 75% (95% CI, 68%-81%) and 83% (95% CI, 77%-88%), respectively, for the entire cohort. The DSS was 92% (95% CI, 83%-97%) for patients with stage I or II and 78% (95% CI, 69%-84%) for patients with stage III or IV disease. For patients with advanced disease, 5-year OS and DSS ranged from 78% (95% CI, 55%-90%) and 91% (95% CI, 67%-98%), respectively, for surgery; to 76% (95% CI, 63%-85%) and 79% (95% CI, 67%-88%), respectively, for neoadjuvant bioselection; and to 61% (95% CI, 44%-75%) and 66% (95% CI, 48%-79%), respectively, for primary chemoradiotherapy. Propensity-adjusted, multivariable controlling for known prognostic factors DSS was significantly improved in the neoadjuvant group compared with the chemoradiotherapy group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.48; 95% CI, 0.29-0.80). Conclusions and Relevance:Superior survival rates were achieved with a bioselective treatment approach using a single cycle of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Good survival rates were also achieved in patients selected for primary surgery, and both neoadjuvant chemotherapy and primary surgery were better than survival rates with concurrent chemoradiotherapy, suggesting that the optimal individualized treatment approach for patients with advanced laryngeal cancer has not yet been defined.

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Impact of stage, management and recurrence on survival rates in laryngeal cancer.

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