Preprocedural Prediction Model for Contrast-Induced Nephropathy Patients.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Yin WJ
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5523753 | biostudies-other | 2017 Feb
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
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Project description:ObjectivesTo look at the available literature on validated prediction models for contrast induced nephropathy and describe their characteristics.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesMedline, Embase, and CINAHL (cumulative index to nursing and allied health literature) databases.Review methodsDatabases searched from inception to 2015, and the retrieved reference lists hand searched. Dual reviews were conducted to identify studies published in the English language of prediction models tested with patients that included derivation and validation cohorts. Data were extracted on baseline patient characteristics, procedural characteristics, modelling methods, metrics of model performance, risk of bias, and clinical usefulness. Eligible studies evaluated characteristics of predictive models that identified patients at risk of contrast induced nephropathy among adults undergoing a diagnostic or interventional procedure using conventional radiocontrast media (media used for computed tomography or angiography, and not gadolinium based contrast).Results16 studies were identified, describing 12 prediction models. Substantial interstudy heterogeneity was identified, as a result of different clinical settings, cointerventions, and the timing of creatinine measurement to define contrast induced nephropathy. Ten models were validated internally and six were validated externally. Discrimination varied in studies that were validated internally (C statistic 0.61-0.95) and externally (0.57-0.86). Only one study presented reclassification indices. The majority of higher performing models included measures of pre-existing chronic kidney disease, age, diabetes, heart failure or impaired ejection fraction, and hypotension or shock. No prediction model evaluated its effect on clinical decision making or patient outcomes.ConclusionsMost predictive models for contrast induced nephropathy in clinical use have modest ability, and are only relevant to patients receiving contrast for coronary angiography. Further research is needed to develop models that can better inform patient centred decision making, as well as improve the use of prevention strategies for contrast induced nephropathy.
| S-EPMC4784870 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundContrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a major cause of acute kidney injury in chronic kidney disease. Many cancer patients have risk factors for CIN and frequently undergo contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT). We aimed to develop a risk prediction model for CIN in cancer patients undergoing CECT.MethodsBetween 2009 and 2017, 2,240 cancer patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 45 mL/min/1.73 m2 who underwent CECT with CIN preventive measures were included in a development cohort. Primary outcome was development of CIN, defined as 25% increase in serum creatinine within 2-6 days after contrast exposure. A prediction model was developed using logistic regression analysis. The model was evaluated for prognostic utility in an independent cohort (N = 555).ResultsOverall incidence of CIN was 2.5% (55/2,240). In multivariable analysis, eGFR, diabetes mellitus, and serum albumin level were identified as independent predictors of CIN. A prediction model including eGFR, serum albumin level, and diabetes mellitus was developed, and risk scores ranged from 0 to 6 points. The model demonstrated fair discriminative power (C statistic = 0.733, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.656-0.810) and good calibration (calibration slope 0.867, 95% Cl 0.719-1.015). In the validation cohort, the model also demonstrated fair discriminative power (C statistic = 0.749, 95% CI 0.648-0.849) and good calibration (calibration slope 0.974, 95% CI 0.634-1.315).ConclusionsThe proposed model has good predictive ability for risk of CIN in cancer patients with chronic kidney disease. This model can aid in risk stratification for CIN in patients undergoing CECT.
| S-EPMC6463556 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundSubjects with chronic kidney disease are at increased risk for contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI). Risk stratification is traditionally based on glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and proteinuria. The present trial examines, whether tubular and inflammatory biomarkers are able to identify subjects at increased risk as well.MethodsWe performed a prospective study in 490 patients undergoing coronary angiography. An increase of serum creatinine concentration ≥ 0.3 mg/dl from baseline to day 2-3 was defined as primary endpoint (CI-AKI). Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), and calprotectin were assessed < 24h before coronary angiography. Prognostic accuracy was assessed by receiver operating characteristics (ROC) calculations.Results30 (6.1%) patients suffered from CI-AKI (27 AKIN stage I, 3 AKIN stage II, 0 AKIN stage III). Those subjects who developed CI-AKI had 3.1 fold higher baseline urinary NGAL/creatinine ratios than those without CI-AKI (60.8 [IQR 18.7-93.1] μg/mg vs. 19.9 [IQR 12.3-38.9] μg/mg, p = 0.001). In those subjects without clinically overt CKD (eGFR > 60 ml/min, urinary albumin creatinine ratio <30 mg/g), the NGAL/creatinine ratio was 2.6 higher in CI-AKI vs. no CI-AKI (47.8 [IQR 11.8-75.3] vs. 18.6 [IQR 11.7-36.3] μg/mg). No significant differences were obtained for KIM-1 and calprotectin (p>0.05 each). ROC analyses revealed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.68 (95% CI 0.60-0.81) for NGAL/creatinine. An NGAL/creatinine ratio < 56.4 μg/mg has a negative predictive value of 96.5%.ConclusionsThe present study is the largest investigation on the use of urinary biomarkers for CI-AKI risk stratification so far. It shows that NGAL provides prognostic information beyond the glomerular biomarkers eGFR and proteinuria.
| S-EPMC7365403 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a complication associated with the administration of contrast media (CM). The CIN diagnosis is based on creatinine, a biomarker late and insensitive. The objective proposed was to evaluate the ability of novel biomarkers to detect patients susceptible to suffering CIN before CM administration. The study was carried out with patients undergoing cardiac catheterization involving CM. Patients were divided into two groups: (1) CIN, patients who developed this pathology; (2) control, patients who did not suffer CIN. Prior to the administration of CM, urine samples were collected to measure proteinuria, N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and kidney injury molecule-1, albumin, transferrin, t-gelsolin and GM2 ganglioside activator protein (GM2AP). The risk factors advanced age, low body mass index and low estimated glomerular filtration rate; and the urinary biomarkers albumin, transferrin and GM2AP showed significant predictive capacity. Of all of them, albuminuria demonstrated the highest diagnostic power. When a cutoff point was established for albuminuria at values still considered subclinical (10-30 µg/mg Cru), it was found that there was a high incidence of CIN (40-75%). Therefore, albuminuria could be applied as a new diagnostic tool to prevent and predict CIN with P4 medicine criteria, independently of risk factors and comorbidities.
| S-EPMC8584615 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeTo determine the causal association and effect of intravenous iodinated contrast material exposure on the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI), also known as contrast material-induced nephropathy (CIN).Materials and methodsThis retrospective study was approved by an institutional review board and was HIPAA compliant. Informed consent was waived. All contrast material-enhanced (contrast group) and unenhanced (noncontrast group) abdominal, pelvic, and thoracic CT scans from 2000 to 2010 were identified at a single facility. Scan recipients were sorted into low- (<1.5 mg/dL), medium- (1.5-2.0 mg/dL), and high-risk (>2.0 mg/dL) subgroups of presumed risk for CIN by using baseline serum creatinine (SCr) level. The incidence of AKI (SCr ≥ 0.5 mg/dL above baseline) was compared between contrast and noncontrast groups after propensity score adjustment by stratification, 1:1 matching, inverse weighting, and weighting by the odds methods to reduce intergroup selection bias. Counterfactual analysis was used to evaluate the causal relation between contrast material exposure and AKI by evaluating patients who underwent contrast-enhanced and unenhanced CT scans during the study period with the McNemar test.ResultsA total of 157,140 scans among 53,439 unique patients associated with 1,510,001 SCr values were identified. AKI risk was not significantly different between contrast and noncontrast groups in any risk subgroup after propensity score adjustment by using reported risk factors of CIN (low risk: odds ratio [OR], 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.76, 1.13; P = .47; medium risk: odds ratio, 0.97; 95% CI: 0.81, 1.16; P = .76; high risk: OR, 0.91; 95% CI: 0.66, 1.24; P = .58). Counterfactual analysis revealed no significant difference in AKI incidence between enhanced and unenhanced CT scans in the same patient (McNemar test: χ(2) = 0.63, P = .43) (OR = 0.92; 95% CI: 0.75, 1.13; P = .46).ConclusionFollowing adjustment for presumed risk factors, the incidence of CIN was not significantly different from contrast material-independent AKI. These two phenomena were clinically indistinguishable with established SCr-defined criteria, suggesting that intravenous iodinated contrast media may not be the causative agent in diminished renal function after contrast material administration.Supplemental materialhttp://radiology.rsna.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1148/radiol.12121823/-/DC1.
| S-EPMC6940002 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background: The safe level of contrast media volume (CV) is an important modifiable risk factor for contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). The safe limit of CV remains unclear and is limited to single-center studies. Our objective was to determine the association between the ratio of contrast volume-to-glomerular filtration (CV/GFR) and CIN in patients undergoing coronary angiography (CAG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: We assessed the association between CV/GFR and the risk of CIN in 4,254 patients undergoing CAG or PCI from the year 2013 to 2016 and enrolled in the REICIN (REduction of rIsk for Contrast-Induced Nephropathy), a prospective, multicenter, observational cohort study. CV/GFR was calculated at the five primary GFR equation. Results: Sixty-nine (1.7%) patients with a median contrast volume-to-chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration (CV/CKD-EPI) ratio of 2.16 (1.30-3.93) have suffered from CIN. The CV/CKD-EPI demonstrated the best performance of model fit, discrimination (area under curve = 0.736), calibration, reclassification, and equation conciseness (1 variable). The CV/CKD-EPI ≥1.78 was the statistical significance associated with CIN [adjusted odds ratio, 4.64 (2.84-7.56); p < 0.001]. Furthermore, similar results were found in the subgroup analyses. Conclusions: The CV/CKD-EPI showed the best performance in patients undergoing CAG or PCI. CV/CKD-EPI ≥1.78 could be a more reliable and convenient predictor of CIN. Intraprocedural preventive measures should include a priori calculation of CV/GFR to limit contrast volume.
| S-EPMC8417794 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:Contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) is one of the most common complications after radiographic procedures using intravascular radiocontrast media. The aim of the current study was to assess the effect of atorvastatin on prevention of CIN in patients undergoing coronary angiography. MATERIALS AND METHODS:In a clinical trial study, 200 patients referred for angiography were randomly divided into two groups of using 80 mg atorvastatin and placebo before the procedure. Furthermore, 100 patients who were under chronic treatment of statins were included as the third group. Serum creatinine (Scr) levels before and after the procedure were evaluated and incidence of CIN (post-procedural Scr of >0.5 mg/dl or >25% from baseline) was assessed. RESULTS:Mean age of the participants was 60.06 ± 0.69 years and 276 (92%) were male. There were no significant differences between group with respect to age and gender. In pre-operation atorvastatin, placebo and long term statin groups, the incidence of CIN was 1%, 2% and 1%, and mean changes of Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was 3.68 ± 1.32, -0.77 ± 1.21 and 1.37 ± 0.86; and mean changes of creatinine (Cr) was -0.05 ± 0.02, 0.02 ± 0.02 and -0.01 ± 0.01 respectively. (P = 0.776, 0.026 and 0.041 respectively). In pre-operation atorvastatin group, Cr decreased, and GFR increased significantly (P = 0.019 and 0.007 respectively). CONCLUSION:pre-operation short term high dose atorvastatin use was associated with a significant decrease in serum Cr level and increase in GFR after angiography.
| S-EPMC4354054 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Clinical trials shows that remote ischemic preconditioning (IPC) can protect against contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) in risky patients, however, the exact mechanism is unclear. In this study, we explored whether renalase, an amine oxidase that has been previously shown to mediate reno-protection by local IPC, would also mediate the same effect elicited by remote IPC in animal model. Limb IPC was performed for 24h followed by induction of CIN. Our results indicated that limb IPC prevented renal function decline, attenuated tubular damage and reduced oxidative stress and inflammation in the kidney. All those beneficial effects were abolished by silencing of renalase with siRNA. This suggests that similar to local IPC, renalase is also critically involved in limb IPC-elicited reno-protection. Mechanistic studies showed that limb IPC increased TNFα levels in the muscle and blood, and up-regulated renalase and phosphorylated IκBα expression in the kidney. Pretreatment with TNFα antagonist or NF-κB inhibitor, largely blocked renalase expression. Besides, TNFα preconditioning increased expression of renal renalase in vivo and in vitro, and attenuated H2O2 induced apoptosis in renal tubular cells. Collectively, our results suggest that limb IPC-induced reno-protection in CIN is dependent on increased renalase expression via activation of the TNFα/NF-κB pathway.
| S-EPMC4972520 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background The impact of staged versus concomitant coronary procedures on renal function in patients with aortic stenosis undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) remains unclear. Methods and Results Three-hundred thirty-nine patients undergoing coronary procedures and TAVI as a staged strategy (160, 47.2%) or concomitant strategy (179, 52.8%) were retrospectively analyzed. Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) occurred in 49 patients in the staged strategy group (30.6%) and in 18 patients (10.1%) in the concomitant strategy group (P<0.001). Among the staged strategy group, 25 (15.6%) patients developed CI-AKI after coronary angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention, 17 (10.6%) after TAVI, and 7 (4.3%) after both the procedures. Staged strategy was associated with a higher risk of CI-AKI (odds ratio, 3.948; P<0.001) after adjustment for multiple confounders and regardless of the baseline renal function (P for interaction=0.4) when compared with the concomitant strategy. At a median follow-up of 24.0 months (3.0-35.3), CI-AKI was not associated with sustained renal injury (P=0.794), irrespective of the adopted strategy. The concomitant strategy did not impact the overall early safety at 30 days follow-up after TAVI compared to the staged strategy (P=0.609). Conclusions Performing coronary procedures with a staged strategy before TAVI was associated with a higher risk of CI-AKI compared with a concomitant strategy. Moreover, a concomitant strategy did not increase the risk of procedure-related complications.
| S-EPMC8475687 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND: Contrast-induced nephropathy is the leading cause of in-hospital acute renal failure. This side effect of contrast agents leads to increased morbidity, mortality, and health costs. Ensuring adequate hydration prior to contrast exposure is highly effective at preventing this complication, although the optimal hydration strategy to prevent contrast-induced nephropathy still remains an unresolved issue. Former meta-analyses and several recent studies have shown conflicting results regarding the protective effect of sodium bicarbonate. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of normal saline versus sodium bicarbonate for prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy. METHODS: The study searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane databases, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts database, ISI Web of Science (until 15 December 2008), and conference proceedings for randomized controlled trials that compared normal saline with sodium bicarbonate-based hydration regimen regarding contrast-induced nephropathy. Random-effects models were used to calculate summary odds ratios. RESULTS: A total of 17 trials including 2,633 subjects were pooled. Pre-procedural hydration with sodium bicarbonate was associated with a significant decrease in the rate of contrast-induced nephropathy (odds ratios 0.52; 95% confidence interval 0.34-0.80, P = 0.003). Number needed to treat to prevent one case of contrast-induced nephropathy was 16 (95% confidence interval 10-34). No significant differences in the rates of post-procedure hemodialysis (P = 0.20) or death (P = 0.53) was observed. CONCLUSION: Sodium bicarbonate-based hydration was found to be superior to normal saline in prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy in this updated meta-analysis.
| S-EPMC2693108 | biostudies-literature