DERMATOPHYTOSIS AND DERMATOMYCOSIS IN PUNE.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Gokhale S
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5531729 | biostudies-other | 1999 Jan
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
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Project description:BackgroundDiabetes mellitus (DM) increases the risk of tuberculosis (TB) disease. Knowledge of the impact of DM on TB treatment outcomes is primarily based on retrospective studies.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study of new pulmonary TB patients with and without DM (TB-DM and TB only) in India. The association of DM with a composite unfavorable TB treatment outcome (failure, recurrence, mortality) over 18 months was determined, and the effect of DM on all-cause mortality and early mortality (death during TB treatment) was assessed.ResultsOf 799 participants, 574 (72%) had TB only and 225 (28%) had TB-DM. The proportion of patients with DM who experienced the composite outcome was 20%, as compared with 21% for TB-only participants (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.13; 95% CI, 0.75-1.70). Mortality was higher in participants with DM (10% vs 7%), and early mortality was substantially higher among patients with DM (aHR, 4.36; 95% CI, 1.62-11.76).ConclusionsDM was associated with early mortality in this prospective cohort study, but overall unfavorable outcomes were similar to participants without DM. Interventions to reduce mortality during TB treatment among people with TB-DM are needed.
| S-EPMC8047862 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Hydra vulgaris strain:Ind-Pune Transcriptome or Gene expression
| PRJNA451264 | ENA
Project description:Hydra vulgaris strain:Ind-Pune Epigenomics
| PRJNA532677 | ENA
Project description:BackgroundPrivate Practitioners (PP) are the primary source of health care for patients in India. Limited representative information is available on TB management practices of Indian PP or on the efficacy of India's Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) to improve the quality of TB management through training of PP.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey of a systematic random sample of PP in one urban area in Western India (Pune, Maharashtra). We presented sample clinical vignettes and determined the proportions of PPs who reported practices consistent with International Standards of TB Care (ISTC). We examined the association between RNTCP training and adherence to ISTC by calculating odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.ResultsOf 3,391 PP practicing allopathic medicine, 249 were interviewed. Of these, 55% had been exposed to RNTCP. For new pulmonary TB patients, 63% (158/249) of provider responses were consistent with ISTC diagnostic practices, and 34% (84/249) of responses were consistent with ISTC treatment practices. However, 48% (120/249) PP also reported use of serological tests for TB diagnosis. In the new TB case vignette, 38% (94/249) PP reported use of at least one second line anti-TB drug in the treatment regimen. RNTCP training was not associated with diagnostic or treatment practices.ConclusionIn Pune, India, despite a decade of training activities by the RNTCP, high proportions of providers resorted to TB serology for diagnosis and second-line anti-TB drug use in new TB patients. Efforts to achieve universal access to quality TB management must account for the low quality of care by PP and the lack of demonstrated effect of current training efforts.
| S-EPMC4045673 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundIndia has among the highest rates of infant malnutrition. Few studies investigating the growth patterns of HIV-exposed infants in India or the impact of timing of HIV infection on growth in settings such as India exist.MethodsWe used data from the Six Week Extended Nevirapine (SWEN) trial to compare the growth patterns of HIV-infected and HIV-exposed but uninfected infants accounting for timing of HIV infection, and to identify risk factors for stunting, underweight and wasting. Growth and timing of HIV infection were assessed at weeks 1, 2, 4, 6, 10, 14 weeks and 6, 9, 12 months of life. Random effects multivariable logistic regression method was used to assess factors associated with stunting, underweight and wasting.ResultsAmong 737 HIV-exposed infants, 93 (13%) were HIV-infected by 12 months of age. Among HIV-infected and uninfected infants, baseline prevalence of stunting (48% vs. 46%), underweight (27% vs. 26%) and wasting (7% vs. 11%) was similar (p>0.29), but by 12 months stunting and underweight, but not wasting, were significantly higher in HIV-infected infants (80% vs. 56%, 52% vs. 29%, p< 0.0001; 5% vs. 6%, p=0.65, respectively). These differences rapidly manifested within 4-6 weeks of birth. Infants infected in utero had the worst growth outcomes during the follow-up period. SWEN was associated with non-significant reductions in stunting and underweight among HIV-infected infants and significantly less wasting in HIV-uninfected infants. In multivariate analysis, maternal CD4 < 250, infant HIV status, less breastfeeding, low birth weight, non-vaginal delivery, and infant gestational age were significant risk factors for underweight and stunting.ConclusionBaseline stunting and underweight was high in both HIV-infected and uninfected infants; growth indices diverged early and were impacted by timing of infection and SWEN prophylaxis. Early growth monitoring of all HIV-exposed infants is an important low-cost strategy for improving health and survival outcomes of these infants.Trial registrationNCT00061321.
| S-EPMC3556061 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The role of home gardens as productive green spaces in emerging megacities has so far been neglected when addressing pathways for sustainable urban development. This data article provides quantitative data from a questionnaire survey on gardening practice among home gardeners in Pune, one of the fastest growing cities in India and the Asian-Pacific region. Data include growing decisions and food production, fertilization, treatment of pests or irrigation as well as the cultural and recreational use of the garden. The survey also covered sociodemographic background information on the respondents and their gardening motivations. The data were used for a research article to build indicators for economic, environmental and socio-cultural sustainability dimensions of urban agriculture and analyze gardeners' characteristics that lead to increased sustainability outcomes entitled "Home Gardening Practice in Pune (India), the Role of Communities, Urban Environment and the Contribution to Urban Sustainability"[1]. The data and questionnaire are provided at the Open Research Data repository at the Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Germany (https://doi.org/10.4228/ZALF.DK.109). The data offer an empirical baseline to conduct studies on the interrelationships of gardeners' motivations, gardening practice and the value and outcomes of home gardening in an accelerated urbanization process.
| S-EPMC6849123 | biostudies-literature
Project description:A total of 8123 Armed Forces personnel attended dermatological OPD from Jan 1989 to Dec 1994. On analysing the record it is found that 2953 (36.3%) cases had infective dermatosis and 5170 (63.7%) cases had non-infective dermatosis. Common infective dermatosis included fungal infections (17.2%), viral infections (7.7%), bacterial infections (3.6%) and arthropode infestations (7.8%). Common non-infective dermatosis included papulosquamous disorders (13.5%), pigmentary disorders (13.4%), eczemas (11.1%), acne (8.7%), alopecia (6.1%), urticaria (4.2%) and drug eruptions (1.9%).
| S-EPMC5531318 | biostudies-other
Project description:In response to the Covid 19 pandemic many governments and professional bodies recommended cancellation of elective surgeries including cochlear implantation. Resumption of elective surgeries was recommended after appropriate permissions were given by the authorities and the hospital had adequate infrastructure in terms of equipment and manpower to start elective surgeries without compromising on patient safety and care. We began cochlear implant surgeries in April 2020. We have done 5 cochlear implants surgeries till date. This manuscript discusses the changes that we did in our preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative protocol.
| S-EPMC7568760 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesWe investigated whether the relationship between components of height and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk may be explained by body composition. We also examined relationships between parental heights and offspring CVD risk.DesignA cohort study using cross-sectional data.SettingA secondary care hospital setting in Pune, India.ParticipantsWe studied 357 young adults and their parents in the Pune Children's Study. Primary and secondary outcomes: we measured weight, total height, leg length, sitting height, plasma glucose, insulin and lipids, and blood pressure (BP). Total and regional lean and fat mass were measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry.ResultsLeg length was inversely related, and sitting height was directly related to BMI. Total height and leg length were directly related to lean mass, while sitting height was directly related to both lean and fat mass. Leg length was inversely related to systolic BP and 120 min glucose, independent of lean and fat mass. Sitting height was directly related to systolic BP and triglycerides; these relationships were attenuated on adjustment for lean and fat mass. When examined simultaneously, greater leg length was protective and greater sitting height was associated with a more detrimental CVD risk profile.ConclusionsShorter adult leg length and greater sitting height are associated with a more adverse CVD risk factor profile. The mechanisms need further study, but our findings suggest a role for lean and fat mass.
| S-EPMC7542941 | biostudies-literature
Project description:A survey for estimation of goitre in school children in the Rural Health Training Centre, Shirur area was undertaken. A total of 4664 students from 17 schools were surveyed. The goitre prevalence was found to be 59.8% with visible goitre rate of 6.2% in pre- and peri-adolescent (10-19 years) age group. Thus a highly endemic goitre focus was located in Shirur, area in Pune District (Maharashtra). This area is located on the eastern tail-end slopes of Sahyadri Hills in Balaghat ranges, situated at an altitude of 533 metres. The area is generally drought prone and receives scanty rain, with poor agricultural practices. Environmental deficiency of iodine was found to be the main cause for this high prevalence of goitre.
| S-EPMC5529797 | biostudies-other